{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1777952070013,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Procedia Computer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T19:30:19Z","timestamp":1774035019000},"page":"762-770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Personalized-BERT: Personalized Emoji Prediction Framework Using Emotion, and User Preferences, and Personality"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"275","author":[{"given":"Mariam","family":"Gaafar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Rafea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alia","family":"El-Bolock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib1","unstructured":"R. Kelly and L. Watts, \u201cCharacterising the inventive appropriation of emoji as relationally meaningful in mediated close personal relationships,\u201d in Proc. Experiences Technol. Appropriation: Unanticipated Users, Usage, Circumstances, Design (ETAP), 2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2022.108437","article-title":"\u201cMultiemo: Multi-task framework for emoji prediction,\u201d","volume":"242","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Knowl.-Based Syst."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib3","first-page":"13873","article-title":"\u201cIdentifying personality traits of WhatsApp users based on frequently used emojis using deep learning,\u201d","volume":"83","author":"Saeidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Multimed. Tools Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2017.02.037","article-title":"\u201cAssessing personality using emoji: An exploratory study,\u201d","volume":"112","author":"Marengo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Personality Individ. Differ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib5","first-page":"4","article-title":"\u201cMining the relationship between emoji usage patterns and personality,\u201d","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"in Proc. Int. AAAI Conf. Web Soc. Media (ICWSM)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib6","unstructured":"M. Zhang, A. Mariakakis, J. Burke, and J. O. Wobbrock, \u201cA comparative study of lexical and semantic emoji suggestion systems,\u201d in Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. (CSCW), vol. 3, no. CSCW, 2019, Art. no. 172."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib7","first-page":"32","article-title":"\u201cEmoji prediction using emerging machine learning classifiers for text-based communication,\u201d","volume":"8","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Educ. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib8","first-page":"438","article-title":"\u201cNTUA-SLP at SemEval-2018 Task 2: Predicting emojis using RNNs with context-aware attention,\u201d","author":"Baziotis","year":"2018","journal-title":"in Proc. 12th Int. Workshop Semant. Eval. (SemEval)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib9","first-page":"105","article-title":"\u201cAre emojis predictable?\u201d","volume":"2","author":"Barbieri","year":"2017","journal-title":"in Proc. 15th Conf. Eur. Chapter Assoc. Comput. Linguist. (EACL)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib10","first-page":"501","article-title":"\u201cCENNLP at SemEval-2018 Task 2: Enhanced distributed representation of text using target classes for emoji prediction representation,\u201d","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2018","journal-title":"in Proc. 12th Int. Workshop Semant. Eval. (SemEval)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Singh, P. Sharma, and S. Kakkar, \u201cComparative analysis of deep learning and machine learning algorithms for emoji prediction,\u201d Soc. Netw. Anal. Min., vol. 12, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.1007\/s13278-024-01217-w.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13278-024-01217-w"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib12","first-page":"4366","article-title":"\u201cMultilingual emoji prediction,\u201d","author":"Barbieri","year":"2019","journal-title":"in Proc. 57th Annu. Meet. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. (ACL)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib13","first-page":"309","article-title":"\u201cMultilingual emoji prediction using BERT for sentiment analysis,\u201d","volume":"15","author":"Barbieri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Web Inf. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib14","unstructured":"Y. Ma, H. Li, J. Xu, and X. Zhang, \u201cEmoji prediction: Extensions and benchmarking,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.07389, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Felbo et al., \u201cUsing millions of emoji occurrences to learn any-domain representations for detecting sentiment, emotion and sarcasm,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.00524, 2017.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1169"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib16","unstructured":"J. Devlin et al., \u201cBERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib17","first-page":"1821","article-title":"\u201cEmoji recommendation in private instant messages,\u201d","author":"Guibon","year":"2018","journal-title":"in Proc. 33rd Annu. ACM Symp. Appl. Comput. (SAC)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib18","first-page":"91","article-title":"\u201cAnalyzing incorporation of emotion in emoji prediction,\u201d","author":"Hayati","year":"2019","journal-title":"in Proc. Workshop NLP Social Media (W-NLP-SM)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3373146","article-title":"\u201cNo more one liners: Bringing context into emoji recommendations,\u201d","volume":"3","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Soc. Comput."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3160","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2020.2966971","article-title":"\u201cCAPER: Context-aware personalized emoji recommendation,\u201d","volume":"33","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1145\/3477495.3531779","article-title":"\u201cPERD: Personalized emoji recommendation with dynamic user preference,\u201d","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"in Proc. 45th Int. ACM SIGIR Conf. Res. Develop. Inf. Retrieval (SIGIR)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib22","unstructured":"R. Xie, Z. Liu, R. Yan, and M. Sun, \u201cNeural emoji recommendation in dialogue systems,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:1612.04609, 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"I. Boutet, M. LeBlanc, J. A. Chamberland, and C. A. Collin, \u201cEmojis influence emotional communication, social attributions, and information processing,\u201d Comput. Hum. Behav., vol. 119, 2021, Art. no. 106720.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2021.106722"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1177\/089443930101900307","article-title":"\u201cThe impacts of emoticons on message interpretation in computer-mediated communication,\u201d","volume":"19","author":"Walther","year":"2001","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib25","unstructured":"S. Ramaswamy, R. Mathews, K. Rao, and F. Beaufays, \u201cFederated learning for emoji prediction in a mobile keyboard,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.04329, 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib26","unstructured":"Apple Inc., \u201ciOS emoji keyboard guide.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/support.apple.com\/en-eg\/guide\/iphone\/iph4e76f5667\/ios"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib27","unstructured":"Emojipedia, \u201cEmoji statistics.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/emojipedia.org\/stats"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib28","first-page":"1","article-title":"\u201cOverview of the author profiling task at PAN-2017: Gender and language variety identification in Twitter,\u201d","volume":"1866","author":"Rangel","year":"2017","journal-title":"in CEUR Workshop Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib29","unstructured":"Hugging Face, \u201cEmotion text classifier.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/huggingface.co\/michellejieli\/emotiontextclassifier"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib30","unstructured":"Hugging Face, \u201cMicrosoft fine-tuned personality model.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/huggingface.co\/Nasserelsaman\/microsoft-finetuned-personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib31","unstructured":"Hugging Face, \u201cBERT-base personality model.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/huggingface.co\/Minej\/bert-base-personality"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib32","unstructured":"Hugging Face, \u201cPersonality LM.\u201d [Online]. Available: https:\/\/huggingface.co\/KevSun\/PersonalityLM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. R. McCrae and P. T. Costa Jr., \u201dPersonality trait structure as a human universal,\u201d American Psychologist, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 509-516, May 1997, doi: 10.1037\/0003-066X.52.5.509.","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.52.5.509"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088_bib34","series-title":"\u201cSentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks,\u201d in Proc. Conf. Empirical Methods Nat. Lang. Process. and 9th Int. Joint Conf. Nat. Lang. Process","author":"Reimers","year":"2019"}],"container-title":["Procedia Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877050926000888?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877050926000888?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T11:30:18Z","timestamp":1777894218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877050926000888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S1877050926000888"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-0509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-0509","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Personalized-BERT: Personalized Emoji Prediction Framework Using Emotion, and User Preferences, and Personality","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Procedia Computer Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procs.2026.01.088","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}