{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T11:59:29Z","timestamp":1775563169321,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":68,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Procedia Computer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T12:39:40Z","timestamp":1774355980000},"page":"1959-1966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Improving Lessons Learned Retrieval in Project-based Organizations through Retrieval-Augmented Generation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"278","author":[{"given":"Maria Berglund","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muluken Shibru","family":"Zeberga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bassam","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Haavard","family":"Haaskjold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Tj\u00f8stheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duffield, S. and Whitty, S. J., (2015) \"Developing a systemic lessons learned knowledge model for organisational learning through projects,\" International Journal of Project Management. 33 (2). 311\u2013324.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2014.07.004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weber, R., Aha, D. W., and Becerra-Fernandez, I., (2001) \"Intelligent lessons learned systems,\" Expert Systems with Applications. 20 (1). 17\u201334.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(00)00046-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Williams, T., (2008) \"How do organizations learn lessons from projects\u2014And do they?,\" IEEE transactions on engineering management. 55 (2). 248\u2013266.","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2007.912920"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Firoozeh, N., Nazarenko, A., Alizon, F., and Daille, B., (2020) \"Keyword extraction: Issues and methods,\" Natural Language Engineering. 26 (3). 259\u2013291.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1351324919000457"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, Y., Gan, Y., Chen, Y., and Chen, Y., (2024) \"Application of large language models to intelligently analyze long construction contract texts,\" Construction management and economics. 1\u201317, doi: 10.1080\/01446193.2024.2415676.","DOI":"10.1080\/01446193.2024.2415676"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compind.2023.103940","article-title":"\"A rationale-augmented NLP framework to identify unilateral contractual change risk for construction projects\"","volume":"149","author":"Shuai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Computers in Industry."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, E. W., Shin, Y. J., Kim, K. J., and Kwon, S., (2025) \"Development of an Automated Construction Contract Review Framework Using Large Language Model and Domain Knowledge,\" Buildings. 15 (6): 923, doi: 10.3390\/buildings15060923.","DOI":"10.3390\/buildings15060923"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib8","unstructured":"Gao, Y., Xiong, Y., Wang, M., and Wang, H., (2024) \"Modular RAG: Transforming RAG systems into lego-like reconfigurable frameworks,\" arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.21059."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib9","unstructured":"Gao, Y. et al., (2023) \"Retrieval-augmented generation for large language models: A survey,\" arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.10997."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib10","series-title":"Introduction to knowledge management","author":"Groff","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowley, J., (1999) \"What is knowledge management?,\" (in English), Library Management. 20 (8). 416\u2013419, doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/01435129910291175.","DOI":"10.1108\/01435129910291175"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alavi, M. and Leidner, D. E., (2001) \"Knowledge management and knowledge management systems: Conceptual foundations and research issues,\" MIS quarterly. 107\u2013136.","DOI":"10.2307\/3250961"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olan, F., Arakpogun, E. O., Suklan, J., Nakpodia, F., Damij, N., and Jayawickrama, U., (2022) \"Artificial intelligence and knowledge sharing: Contributing factors to organizational performance,\" Journal of business research. 145. 605\u2013615.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.03.008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liebowitz, J., (2001) \"Knowledge management and its link to artificial intelligence,\" Expert Systems with Applications. 20 (1). 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0957-4174(00)00044-0"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karlsen, J. T. and Gottschalk, P., (2004) \"Factors affecting knowledge transfer in IT projects,\" Engineering management journal. 16 (1). 3\u201311.","DOI":"10.1080\/10429247.2004.11415233"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib16","first-page":"271","article-title":"\"Learning from the Future: Knowledge Management Systems in the Twenty-First Century,\" in The Future of Knowledge Management: Reflections from the 10th Anniversary of the International Association of Knowledge Management (IAKM)","author":"Tsui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Springer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib17","first-page":"779","article-title":"\"Neural language model based intelligent semantic information retrieval on NCDOT projects for knowledge management,\" in","author":"Banerjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Computing in Civil Engineering 2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib18","unstructured":"McCarthy, J., \"What is artificial intelligence?,\" Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, 2004. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www-formal.stanford.edu\/jmc\/"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jarrahi, M. H., Askay, D., Eshraghi, A., and Smith, P., (2023) \"Artificial intelligence and knowledge management: A partnership between human and AI,\" Business Horizons. 66 (1). 87\u201399.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bushor.2022.03.002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib20","unstructured":"IBM,(2023),\"What are large language models (LLMs)?.\" 2025ed: IBM."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reimers, N. and Gurevych, I., (2019) \"Sentence-bert: Sentence embeddings using siamese bert-networks,\" arXiv preprint arXiv:1908.10084.","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1410"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib22","unstructured":"Lewis, P. et al., (2020) \"Retrieval-augmented generation for knowledge-intensive nlp tasks,\" Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 33. 9459\u20139474."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van Aken, J. E., (2005) \"Management research as a design science: Articulating the research products of mode 2 knowledge production in management,\" British journal of management. 16 (1). 19\u201336.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8551.2005.00437.x"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib24","series-title":"The SAGE encyclopedia of action research","author":"Coghlan","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib25","series-title":"Action research for improving practice: A practical guide","author":"Koshy","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192_bib26","unstructured":"Rasmussen, M. B., \"Customized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) for enhanced reuse of lessons learned in project-based organizations,\" Master of Science, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, NTNU, 2025."}],"container-title":["Procedia Computer Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877050926007878?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877050926007878?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T11:13:58Z","timestamp":1775560438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877050926007878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["S1877050926007878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-0509"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-0509","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Improving Lessons Learned Retrieval in Project-based Organizations through Retrieval-Augmented Generation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Procedia Computer Science","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.procs.2026.03.192","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}