{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T21:59:23Z","timestamp":1780955963373,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reliability Engineering & System Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:46:19Z","timestamp":1777941979000},"page":"112830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["A modeling framework for the inoperability Assessment of interdependent critical infrastructures exposed to spatially distributed natural hazards"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"275","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6052-5771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Valentina","family":"Clavijo Mesa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Maio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Zio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2023.109623","article-title":"Risk analysis of supply chains: the role of supporting structures and infrastructure","volume":"241","author":"Nocera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0002","unstructured":"NOAA. Major Hurricane Maria - September 20, 2017. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2017. https:\/\/www.weather.gov\/sju\/maria2017 (accessed May 8, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0003","unstructured":"NOAA. The Great Texas Freeze: february 11-20, 2021. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 2021. https:\/\/www.ncei.noaa.gov\/news\/great-texas-freeze-february-2021 (accessed May 8, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0004","unstructured":"ILO. Brazil floods: hundreds of Rio Grande do Sul towns submerged. International Labour Organization 2024. https:\/\/www.ilo.org\/resource\/article\/ilos-emergency-response-rio-grande-do-sul-floods (accessed May 8, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0005","unstructured":"CISA. Presidential Policy Directive\/PPD-21. 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0006","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unintended consequences of public-facing counter-terrorism training and vigilance campaigns on minority groups","author":"Dresser","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit Stud Terror"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0007","unstructured":"CISC. the 2023 Critical Infrastructure Resilience Strategy. Cyber and Infrastructure Security Centre (CISC) 2024. https:\/\/www.cisc.gov.au\/about-us\/our-strategy (accessed May 8, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2021.105383","article-title":"Governance and interdependencies of critical infrastructures: exploring mechanisms for cross-sector resilience","volume":"142","author":"Ryd\u00e9n Sonesson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saf Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2013.06.040","article-title":"Review on modeling and simulation of interdependent critical infrastructure systems","volume":"121","author":"Ouyang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2021.107756","article-title":"Sources of uncertainty in interdependent infrastructure and their implications","volume":"213","author":"Reilly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000535","article-title":"Overview of interdependency models of critical infrastructure for resilience assessment","volume":"23","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Hazards Rev"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1504\/IJCIS.2008.016095","article-title":"Simulation of heterogeneous and interdependent critical infrastructures","volume":"4","author":"De Porcellinis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Crit Infrastruct"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2013.10.010","article-title":"A method for exploring the interdependencies and importance of critical infrastructures","volume":"55","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Knowl Based Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1076-0342(2005)11:2(67)","article-title":"Inoperability input-output model for interdependent infrastructure sectors. I: theory and methodology","volume":"11","author":"Haimes","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infrastruct Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0015","article-title":"Dynamic inoperability input-output modeling of a system of systems made of multi-state interdependent critical infrastructures","volume":"264","author":"Mesa","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2013.01.005","article-title":"A framework for the system-of-systems analysis of the risk for a safety-critical plant exposed to external events","volume":"114","author":"Zio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3390\/infrastructures7060076","article-title":"Preventing and managing risks induced by natural hazards to critical infrastructures","volume":"7","author":"Buffarini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infrastructures"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.3390\/su14020786","article-title":"A modeling and analysis framework for integrated energy systems exposed to climate change-induced NaTech accidental scenarios","volume":"14","author":"Di Maio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0019","article-title":"Probabilistic hurricane wind-induced loss model for risk assessment on a regional scale","volume":"6","author":"Khajwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"ASCE-ASME J Risk Uncertain Eng Syst Civ Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s13753-018-0161-1","article-title":"Mapping the wind hazard of global tropical cyclones with parametric wind field models by considering the effects of local factors","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Disaster Risk Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s42865-024-00067-w","article-title":"Climate extreme scenarios affecting the Italian energy system with a multi-hazard approach","volume":"5","author":"Faggian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull Atmos Sci Technol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JD020803","article-title":"Spatio-temporal interpolation of daily temperatures for global land areas at 1\u2009km resolution","volume":"119","author":"Kilibarda","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Atmos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0023","article-title":"Copula-based geohazard assessment \u2013 case of flood-prone area in Poland","volume":"44","author":"Perz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Hydrol Reg Stud"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-23-107-2019","article-title":"Modeling the spatial dependence of floods using the Fisher copula","volume":"23","author":"Brunner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hydrol Earth Syst Sci"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5069","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-28-5069-2024","article-title":"Novel extensions to the Fisher copula to model flood spatial dependence over North America","volume":"28","author":"Alexandre","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hydrol Earth Syst Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2019.106517","article-title":"Evaluating component importance and reliability of power transmission networks subject to windstorms: methodology and application to the nordic grid","volume":"191","author":"Scherb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.166891","article-title":"Risk assessment for hurricane-induced pluvial flooding in urban areas using a GIS-based multi-criteria approach: a case study of Hurricane Harvey in Houston, USA","volume":"904","author":"Feng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Env"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0028","series-title":"Proceedings of The 32nd European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL2022)","first-page":"1913","article-title":"Modeling and evaluating the impact of natural hazards on communities and their recovery","author":"Sharma","year":"2022"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2019.01.052","article-title":"An adaptive robust framework for the optimization of the resilience of interdependent infrastructures under natural hazards","volume":"276","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2023.109653","article-title":"Understanding cascading risks through real-world interdependent urban infrastructure","volume":"241","author":"Brunner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-24-1555-2024","article-title":"Projections and uncertainties of winter windstorm damage in Europe in a changing climate","volume":"24","author":"Severino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreitz M., Gatzen C., P\u00fa\u010dik T. Analysis of the high-end derecho in Corsica in 2022 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/ecss2023-148.","DOI":"10.5194\/ecss2023-148"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panosetti D., Tomassetti U. The July 2023 Northern Italy hailstorms from a climatological and (re)insurance market perspective 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/egusphere-egu24-5962.","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-egu24-5962"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108050","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3320579","article-title":"A comprehensive review and comparison of the fragility curves used for resilience assessments in power systems","volume":"11","author":"Serrano-Fontova","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001311","article-title":"Fragility analysis of transmission line subjected to wind loading","volume":"33","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Perform Constr Facil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jweia.2022.105233","article-title":"Wind fragility assessment and sensitivity analysis for a transmission tower-line system","volume":"231","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.3390\/en17051165","article-title":"Strategies for improving the resiliency of distribution networks in electric power systems during Typhoon and water-logging disasters","volume":"17","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2024.11.070","article-title":"A risk assessment methodology for supporting decision making on the climate proofing of electricity distribution networks","volume":"12","author":"Gkika","year":"2024","journal-title":"Energy Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/wcc.930","article-title":"Fragility modeling of power grid infrastructure for addressing climate change risks and adaptation","volume":"16","author":"Karagiannakis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev Clim Change"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0040","unstructured":"Copernicus Climate Change Service. ERA5 post-processed daily-statistics on single levels from 1940 to present. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24381\/cds.4991cf48."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0041","unstructured":"NASA. NASA World Weather 2025. https:\/\/worldwind.arc.nasa.gov\/worldweather\/(accessed May 28, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0042","unstructured":"ItaliaMeteo. Europe Meteosat infrared Map 2025. https:\/\/www.agenziaitaliameteo.it\/en\/meteorology\/observed-data\/satellite\/europe-meteosat-infrared-map\/(accessed May 28, 2025)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0043","unstructured":"WMO. Guidelines on analysis of extremes in a changing climate in support of informed decisions for adaptation. Geneva: 2009."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3747","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2016.2641463","article-title":"Power system resilience to extreme weather: fragility modeling, probabilistic impact assessment, and adaptation measures","volume":"32","author":"Panteli","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Power Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coastaleng.2016.06.008","article-title":"A copula-based approach for the estimation of wave height records through spatial correlation","volume":"117","author":"Jane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Coast Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0046","unstructured":"Torre E., Marelli S., Sudret B. UQLAB user manual\u2013 Statistical inference, report UQ[py] lab-V1.0-114, Chair of Risk, Safety and Uncertainty Quantification, Zurich: 2024."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705","article-title":"A new look at the statistical model identification","volume":"19","author":"Akaike","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Autom Contr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1176344136","article-title":"Estimating the dimension of a model","volume":"6","author":"Schwarz","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0049","first-page":"229","article-title":"Fonctions de r\u00e9partition \u00e0 N dimensions et leurs marges","volume":"3","author":"Sklar","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ann l 19ISUP"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00477-018-1599-9","article-title":"Vine copula models for predicting water flow discharge at King George Island, Antarctica","volume":"32","author":"G\u00f3mez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s40808-022-01484-6","article-title":"A spatial copula interpolation in a random field with application in air pollution data","volume":"9","author":"Thakur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Model Earth Syst Environ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0052","series-title":"Safety and reliability \u2013 safe societies in a changing world","article-title":"Imprecise reliability analysis of complex interconnected networks","author":"Behrensdorf","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0053","series-title":"The concise encyclopedia of statistics","first-page":"278","article-title":"Kendall rank correlation coefficient","author":"Abdi","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0054","unstructured":"FEMA. Earthquake loss estimation methodology, Hazus - MH 2.1. Massachusetts: 2001."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)1076-0342(2001)7:1(1)","article-title":"Leontief-based model of risk in complex interconnected infrastructures","volume":"7","author":"Haimes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infrastruct Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000099","article-title":"Time-varying input-output inoperability model","volume":"19","author":"Setola","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infrastruct Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4003","DOI":"10.3390\/su15054003","article-title":"A demand-side inoperability input\u2013Output model for Strategic risk management: insight from the COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai, China","volume":"15","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/sys.20051","article-title":"Managing the risk of terrorism to interdependent infrastructure systems through the dynamic inoperability input\u2013output model","volume":"9","author":"Lian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Syst Eng"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1109\/59.780914","article-title":"The IEEE Reliability Test System-1996. A report prepared by the Reliability Test System Task Force of the Application of Probability Methods Subcommittee","volume":"14","author":"Grigg","year":"1999","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Power Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijepes.2014.06.007","article-title":"Allocation of transmission network cost using modified Zbus matrix","volume":"63","author":"Molina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Electr Power Energy Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000267","article-title":"Fragility curves for assessing the resilience of electricity networks constructed from an extensive fault database","volume":"19","author":"Dunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Hazards Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0062","series-title":"Contingency an\u00e1lisis of IEEE 9 Bus system. 2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT), 18-19 May 2018. Bangalore, India","author":"Shekar","year":"2018"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1080\/09535314.2013.872602","article-title":"Time-varying disaster recovery model for interdependent economic systems using hybrid input-output and event tree analysis","volume":"26","author":"Santos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Econ Syst Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1080\/00207721.2013.822121","article-title":"The uncertainty recovery analysis for interdependent infrastructure systems using the dynamic inoperability input\u2013output model","volume":"46","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Syst Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0065","series-title":"Inoperability Assessment of Interdependent Critical Infrastructures by Minimal Inoperability Sets Analysis. 2024 8th International Conference on System Reliability and Safety (ICSRS)","first-page":"291","author":"Clavijo Mesa","year":"2024"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csda.2010.11.010","article-title":"Conditional copulas, association measures and their applications","volume":"55","author":"Gijbels","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput Stat Data Anal"}],"container-title":["Reliability Engineering & System Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0951832026006411?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0951832026006411?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T21:20:06Z","timestamp":1780953606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0951832026006411"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0951832026006411"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830","relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-8320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-8320","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A modeling framework for the inoperability Assessment of interdependent critical infrastructures exposed to spatially distributed natural hazards","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reliability Engineering & System Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ress.2026.112830","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112830"}}