{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:53:27Z","timestamp":1782863607992,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52471299"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52471299"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Reliability Engineering & System Safety"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T06:51:57Z","timestamp":1782283917000},"page":"113061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Digital twin modeling of sealing performance for liquid swivel under quasi-static conditions \u2014 Computational modeling"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"277","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6708-9885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6067-4432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruilong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2005.11.011","article-title":"An unsteady mixed soft EHL model, with application to a rotary lip seal","volume":"40","author":"Shen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1243\/09544062JMES2181","article-title":"Soft elastohydrodynamic analysis of rotary lip seals","volume":"224","author":"Salant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng C: J Mech Eng Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2022.107917","article-title":"Sealing performance assessments of PTFE rotary lip seals based on the elasto-hydrodynamic analysis with the modified archard wear model","volume":"176","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2022.106110","article-title":"Wear and leakage assessments of canted coil Spring\u2013Energized polytetrafluoroethylene seals under ultra-high cycle operations","volume":"135","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eng Fail Anal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3390\/machines11020221","article-title":"Experimental study on tribological and leakage characteristics of a rotating spring-energized seal under high and low temperature","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Machines"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2023.109176","article-title":"Thermal contact of roughness macro and micro model to reveal seal leakage mechanism under mixed lubrication","volume":"191","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2024.109943","article-title":"Numerical investigation on a hybrid porous-spiral groove mechanical face seal","volume":"198","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2024.205706","article-title":"Numerical sealing performance assessments of PTFE rotary lip seals based on the elasto-hydrodynamic analysis with the consideration of asperity interactions and accelerated wear experimental validations","volume":"564-565","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoen.2025.213696","article-title":"Research on digital twin based sealing mechanism of liquid swivel spring energized seal ring","volume":"247","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geoenergy Sci Eng"},{"issue":"02","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.2118\/0214-0098-JPT","article-title":"Turret-Mooring-system experience and enhancements in the Atlantic Frontier","volume":"66","author":"Carpenter","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pet Technol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9111179","article-title":"Mathematical modelling of bonded marine hoses for single point mooring (SPM) systems, with Catenary Anchor Leg mooring (CALM) buoy application\u2014A review","volume":"9","author":"Amaechi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mar Sci Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0036850419881902","article-title":"A mixed thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication model of rotary lip seal","volume":"103","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Prog"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.24874\/ti.1186.09.21.11","article-title":"A review of mixed lubrication modelling and simulation","volume":"44","author":"Patel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tribol Ind"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1080\/05698190590970471","article-title":"Experimental investigation of the effect of speed and load on film thickness in elastohydrodynamic contact","volume":"48","author":"Glovnea","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tribol trans"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.630.255","article-title":"The lubrication regimes of mechanical face seals","volume":"630","author":"Bruneti\u00e8re","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Mech Mater"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4040154","article-title":"Numerical analysis of the contact pressure in a quasi-static elastomeric reciprocating sealing system","volume":"140","author":"Tsala","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Tribol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-207X(64)90653-0","article-title":"A theoretical and experimental relationship between the leakage of gases through the interface of two metals in contact and their superficial micro-geometry","volume":"14","author":"Armand","year":"1964","journal-title":"Vacuum"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.45.574","article-title":"Percolation and conduction","volume":"45","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"1973","journal-title":"Rev Mod Phys"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0019","article-title":"Theory of the leak-rate of seals","volume":"20","author":"Persson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Phys: Condens Matter"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1209\/0295-5075\/86\/44006","article-title":"Leak rate of seals: comparison of theory with experiment","volume":"86","author":"Lorenz","year":"2009","journal-title":"EPL (Europhys Lett)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1140\/epje\/i2010-10558-6","article-title":"Leak rate of seals: effective-medium theory and comparison with experiment","volume":"31","author":"Lorenz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Phys J E"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2008.10.002","article-title":"Fluid leakage in seals: an approach based on percolation theory","volume":"42","author":"Bottiglione","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2022.107695","article-title":"Prediction of sealing interface leakage based on porous medium model considering effective porosity","volume":"174","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4033887","article-title":"An approach to calculate leak channels and leak rates between metallic sealing surfaces","volume":"139","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Tribol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2017.09.013","article-title":"A leakage channel model for sealing interface of mechanical face seals based on percolation theory","volume":"118","author":"Jianjun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4043123","article-title":"A surface connectivity-based approach for leakage channel prediction in static sealing interface","volume":"141","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Tribol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0027","article-title":"On the phase transition characteristic of static sealing interface based on lattice leakage model","author":"Jiancheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Mech Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2024.109955","article-title":"Numerical study of leakage rate in reciprocating seal with non-Gaussian topography characteristics using percolation mechanism","volume":"199","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2024.102773","article-title":"Iterative updating of digital twin for equipment: progress, challenges, and trends","volume":"62","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Eng Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2022.102481","article-title":"An update method for digital twin multi-dimension models","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Robot Comput Integr Manuf: Int J Manuf Prod Process Dev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1080\/24725854.2023.2253869","article-title":"The digital twin synchronization problem: framework, formulations, and analysis","volume":"56","author":"Tan","year":"2024","journal-title":"IISE Trans"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5454","DOI":"10.3390\/app14135454","article-title":"Digital twin\u2014a review of the evolution from concept to technology and its analytical perspectives on applications in various fields","volume":"14","author":"Iliu\u0163\u0103","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2024.110040","article-title":"Digital twins in safety analysis, risk assessment and emergency management","volume":"246","author":"Zio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"7775","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-019-02849-1","article-title":"Make more digital twins","volume":"573","author":"Tao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics13163255","article-title":"Digital Twin Technology\u2014a review and its application model for prognostics and health management of microelectronics","volume":"13","author":"Inamdar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2025.111454","article-title":"Digital twin-driven source-free adaptation diagnosis for rolling element bearing under data privacy","volume":"264","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2024.110560","article-title":"Self-adaptive fault diagnosis for unseen working conditions based on digital twins and domain generalization","volume":"254","author":"Azari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/s43588-021-00072-5","article-title":"Scaling digital twins from the artisanal to the industrial","volume":"1","author":"Niederer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Comput Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj-cs.1943","article-title":"Systematic review of predictive maintenance and digital twin technologies challenges, opportunities, and best practices","volume":"10","author":"Abd Wahab","year":"2024","journal-title":"PeerJ Comput Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2023.109859","article-title":"Predictive maintenance of standalone steel industrial components powered by a dynamic reliability digital twin model with artificial intelligence","volume":"243","author":"D'Urso","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reliab Eng Syst Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2022.106557","article-title":"Experimental and numerical investigation of heave damper hydraulic seal for racing car","volume":"140","author":"Azar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eng Fail Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apor.2025.104843","article-title":"Numerical analysis on temperature-dependent sealing performance of various rubber materials in a vacuum suction pad for automated mooring systems","volume":"165","author":"Son","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl Ocean Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ast.2024.109728","article-title":"Multi-objective optimization of the design parameters in longitudinal corrugated tubes to improve crashworthiness performance","volume":"155","author":"Koloushani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aerosp Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tust.2023.105026","article-title":"Design and optimization of secant pipe roofing structure applied in subway stations","volume":"135","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tunn Undergr Space Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsolstr.2022.112064","article-title":"Optimization of Ti-6Al-4V ring rolling process by FE simulation using RSM","volume":"262-263","author":"Nayak","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Solids Struct"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s11249-023-01700-z","article-title":"On the use of surface roughness parameters","volume":"71","author":"Persson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Tribol Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.86.035601","article-title":"Contact between representative rough surfaces","volume":"86","author":"Yastrebov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Rev E\u2014Stat Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2024.110026","article-title":"Preparation of measured engineering surfaces for modeling tribological systems, part I: characterization and reconstruction","volume":"199","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2018.11.020","article-title":"Generating randomly rough surfaces with given height probability distribution and power spectrum","volume":"131","author":"P\u00e9rez-R\u00e0fols","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.triboint.2016.01.035","article-title":"A multi-scale finite element contact model using measured surface roughness for a radial lip seal","volume":"97","author":"Wenk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tribol Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s11249-020-01358-x","article-title":"Fluid leakage in metallic seals","volume":"68","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tribol Lett"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s11249-022-01573-8","article-title":"Fluid leakage in static rubber seals","volume":"70","author":"Persson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Tribol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.softx.2023.101380","article-title":"RufGen: a plug-in for rough surface generation in Abaqus\/CAE","volume":"22","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"SoftwareX"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1140\/epje\/i2010-10558-6","article-title":"Leak rate of seals: effective-medium theory and comparison with experiment","volume":"31","author":"Lorenz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Phys J E"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1017\/S0305004100032680","article-title":"Percolation processes: I. Crystals and mazes","volume":"53","author":"Broadbent","year":"1957","journal-title":"Math Proc Camb Philos Soc"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4104","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.85.4104","article-title":"Efficient Monte Carlo algorithm and high-precision results for percolation","volume":"85","author":"Newman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3254187","article-title":"Leakage mechanism in flat seals","volume":"106","author":"Bottiglione","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.108.244301","article-title":"Self-affine elastic contacts: percolation and leakage","volume":"108","author":"Dapp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys, Rev, Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19513","article-title":"Fluid leakage near the percolation threshold","volume":"6","author":"Dapp","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.64.961","article-title":"Percolation, statistical topography, and transport in random media","volume":"64","author":"Isichenko","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rev Mod Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0061","series-title":"Introduction to percolation theory","author":"Stauffer","year":"2018"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3901\/JME.2016.07.104","article-title":"On the phase transition characteristic of static sealing interface based on lattice leakage model","volume":"52","author":"Jiancheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Mech Eng"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L201","DOI":"10.1088\/0305-4470\/25\/4\/009","article-title":"Critical percolation in finite geometries","volume":"25","author":"Cardy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Phys Gen Phys"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wear.2014.06.010","article-title":"On the accuracy of the pressure measurement film in Hertzian contact situations similar to wheel-rail contact applications","volume":"317","author":"D\u00f6rner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wear"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2016.04.028","article-title":"Model updating using genetic algorithms with sequential niche technique","volume":"120","author":"Shabbir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eng Struct"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1006\/mssp.1996.0136","article-title":"Dynamic finite element model updating using simulated annealing and genetic algorithms","volume":"12","author":"Levin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mech Syst Signal Process"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2013.08.061","article-title":"A review on simulation-based optimization methods applied to building performance analysis","volume":"113","author":"Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfailanal.2022.106565","article-title":"Degradation process analysis and reliability prediction modeling of hydraulic reciprocating seal based on monitoring data","volume":"140","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eng Fail Anal"}],"container-title":["Reliability Engineering & System Safety"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0951832026008707?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0951832026008707?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:02:52Z","timestamp":1782860572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0951832026008707"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0951832026008707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061","relation":{},"ISSN":["0951-8320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0951-8320","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Digital twin modeling of sealing performance for liquid swivel under quasi-static conditions \u2014 Computational modeling","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Reliability Engineering & System Safety","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ress.2026.113061","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113061"}}