{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T04:27:41Z","timestamp":1787113661744,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Swarm and Evolutionary Computation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T02:26:49Z","timestamp":1785983209000},"page":"102498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reinforcement learning-driven multi-objective optimization for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling considering steam consumption in textile production"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing-fang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9014-2878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2011.10.037","article-title":"Comparison analysis of energy intensity for five major sub-sectors of the textile industry in Iran","volume":"23","author":"Hasanbeigi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8939","DOI":"10.3390\/en15238939","article-title":"Electrified process heating in textile wet-processing industry: a techno-economic analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan","volume":"15","author":"Hasanbeigi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esd.2019.10.003","article-title":"Energy diagnosis and savings potential in knitted fabric based wet processing units","volume":"54","author":"Kasturi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Sustain. Dev."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s12053-022-10047-8","article-title":"Evidence-based energy conservation potentials and policy implications in the textile and garment industries of Ethiopia","volume":"15","author":"Gebreslassie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Energy Effic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.129725","article-title":"Sustainable pretreatments in textile wet processing","volume":"329","author":"Panda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/19397030802257236","article-title":"A framework to minimize total energy consumption and total tardiness on a single machine","volume":"1","author":"Mouzon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Sustain. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0007","article-title":"Enhanced NSGA-II for multi-objective energy-saving flexible job shop scheduling","volume":"39","author":"Luan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustain. Comput. Inform. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0008","first-page":"5493","article-title":"Study on flexible job shop scheduling problem considering energy saving","volume":"46","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s12293-025-00449-3","article-title":"Solving multi-objective energy-efficient flexible job shop problems by a dual-level NSGA-II algorithm","volume":"17","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Memetic Comput"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2021.112187","article-title":"Solving multi-objective structural optimization problems using GDE3 and NSGA-II with reference points","volume":"239","author":"Vargas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eng. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4617816","article-title":"Different performances of different intelligent algorithms for solving FJSP: a perspective of structure","volume":"2018","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2002.1009117","article-title":"Approach by localization and multiobjective evolutionary optimization for flexible job-shop scheduling problems","volume":"32","author":"Kacem","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part C-Appl. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1080\/00207541003733775","article-title":"Modelling and solving a practical flexible job-shop scheduling problem with blocking constraints","volume":"49","author":"Mati","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2008.07.021","article-title":"An effective hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2010.08.004","article-title":"A Pareto approach to multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem using particle swarm optimization and local search","volume":"129","author":"Moslehi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2010.07.014","article-title":"An effective hybrid tabu search algorithm for multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problems","volume":"59","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0017","first-page":"465","article-title":"A multi-swarm approach to multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problems, Fundam","volume":"95","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inform"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0018","first-page":"113","article-title":"Reinforcement learning NSGA-II for multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling","volume":"45","author":"Yin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chongqing Univ."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2011.10.007","article-title":"A genetic algorithm with tabu search procedure for flexible job shop scheduling with transportation constraints and bounded processing times","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Oper. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.07.039","article-title":"Pareto-based grouping discrete harmony search algorithm for multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling","volume":"289","author":"Gao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4029","DOI":"10.3390\/app14104029","article-title":"Research on multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem with setup and handling based on an improved shuffled frog leaping algorithm","volume":"14","author":"Kong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2021.107890","article-title":"Evolutionary algorithms for multi-objective flexible job shop cell scheduling","volume":"113","author":"Delikta\u015f","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.11.021","article-title":"MILP models for energy-aware flexible job shop scheduling problem","volume":"210","author":"Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2024.111937","article-title":"A Pareto-optimality based black widow spider algorithm for energy efficient flexible job shop scheduling problem considering new job insertion","volume":"164","author":"Akram","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2022.101131","article-title":"A two-stage memetic algorithm for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling by means of decreasing the total number of machine restarts","volume":"75","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Swarm. Evol. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.109926","article-title":"An improved MOEA\/D for low-carbon many objective flexible job shop scheduling problem","volume":"188","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.06.151","article-title":"Energy-efficient scheduling for multi-objective flexible job shops with variable processing speeds by grey wolf optimization","volume":"234","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106544","article-title":"An improved artificial bee colony algorithm for solving multi-objective low-carbon flexible job shop scheduling problem","volume":"95","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2022.116785","article-title":"Hybrid energy-efficient scheduling measures for flexible job-shop problem with variable machining speeds","volume":"197","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101774","article-title":"Multi-population coevolutionary algorithm for a green multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem with automated guided vehicles and variable processing speed constraints","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.10.342","article-title":"A green scheduling algorithm for flexible job shop with energy-saving measures","volume":"172","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2021.107677","article-title":"Energy-efficient scheduling for a flexible job shop with machine breakdowns considering machine idle time arrangement and machine speed level selection","volume":"161","author":"Duan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.121149","article-title":"Knowledge-driven two-stage memetic algorithm for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling with machine breakdowns","volume":"235","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.3390\/math11020324","article-title":"A multi-objective optimization method for flexible job shop scheduling considering cutting-tool degradation with energy-saving measures","volume":"11","author":"Tian","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcim.2019.04.006","article-title":"Multi-objective optimization for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling problem with transportation constraints","volume":"59","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106217","article-title":"Particle filter and Levy flight-based decomposed multi-objective evolution hybridized particle swarm for flexible job shop greening scheduling with crane transportation","volume":"91","author":"Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2021.104307","article-title":"An imperialist competitive algorithm with feedback for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling with transportation and sequence-dependent setup times","volume":"103","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0038","article-title":"Evolutionary algorithm incorporating reinforcement learning for energy-conscious flexible job-shop scheduling problem with transportation and setup times","volume":"133","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1177\/09544054251327439","article-title":"Green flexible job shop integrated scheduling optimization for machines and AGVs based on the INSGA-II algorithm","volume":"240","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part B J. Eng. Manuf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2024.109917","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning-based memetic algorithm for energy-aware flexible job shop scheduling with multi-AGV","volume":"189","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0041","first-page":"165","article-title":"A flexible job shop scheduling method based on deep reinforcement learning","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Manuf. Technol. Mach. Tool"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0042","first-page":"1385","article-title":"A deep reinforcement learning based on discrete state transition algorithm for solving fuzzy flexible job shop scheduling problem","volume":"51","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3189725","article-title":"Flexible job-shop scheduling via graph neural network and deep reinforcement learning","volume":"19","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4544","DOI":"10.3390\/su16114544","article-title":"Low-carbon flexible job shop scheduling problem based on deep reinforcement learning","volume":"16","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.2023.3305541","article-title":"Co-evolution with deep reinforcement learning for energy-aware distributed heterogeneous flexible job shop scheduling","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2025.110990","article-title":"Co-evolutionary NSGA-III with deep reinforcement learning for multi-objective distributed flexible job shop scheduling","volume":"203","author":"Hou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-81064-z","article-title":"A reinforcement learning based memetic algorithm for energy-efficient distributed two-stage flexible job shop scheduling problem","volume":"14","author":"Geng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1109\/TETCI.2022.3146882","article-title":"Deep reinforcement learning based adaptive operator selection for evolutionary multi-objective optimization","volume":"7","author":"Tian","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Comput. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2025.101849","article-title":"Enhancing quality-diversity algorithm by reinforcement learning for flexible job shop scheduling with transportation constraints","volume":"93","author":"Qin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1109\/TCYB.2021.3107202","article-title":"Addressing hindsight bias in multigoal reinforcement learning","volume":"53","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egyr.2020.07.001","article-title":"A study on energy storage characteristics of industrial steam heating system based on dynamic modeling","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Energy Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.3390\/pr10081436","article-title":"A novel steady-state simulation approach for a combined electric and steam system considering steam condensate loss","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Processes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0053","series-title":"Measurement of Fluid Flow By Means Of Pressure Differential Devices Inserted In Circular Cross-Section Conduits Running Full \u2014 Part 1: General Principles And Requirements","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0054","series-title":"Measurement of Fluid Flow By Means Of Pressure Differential Devices Inserted In Circular Cross-Section Conduits Running Full \u2014 Part 2: Orifice Plates","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1115\/1.483186","article-title":"The IAPWS industrial formulation 1997 for the thermodynamic properties of water and steam","volume":"122","author":"Wagner","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0056","series-title":"Steam Flow Measurement","author":"Ierna","year":"2026"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.25077\/aijans.v3.i01.66-75.2022","article-title":"Optimization of cogent plant steam supply integrated with PLC control system in PT. MNA Kuala Tanjung, Andalasian","volume":"3","author":"Putra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Agric. Nat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.06.048","article-title":"The flexible job-shop scheduling problem considering deterioration effect and energy consumption simultaneously","volume":"135","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.122594","article-title":"MIP modeling of energy-conscious FJSP and its extended problems: from simplicity to complexity","volume":"241","author":"Meng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2023.101236","article-title":"RL-GA: a reinforcement learning-based genetic algorithm for electromagnetic detection satellite scheduling problem","volume":"77","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1548","DOI":"10.1002\/widm.1548","article-title":"Advancements in Q-learning meta-heuristic optimization algorithms: a survey","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"WIREs Data Min. Knowl. Discov."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1425(200001\/02)3:1<3::AID-JOS32>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Effective neighbourhood functions for the flexible job shop problem","volume":"3","author":"Mastrolilli","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Sched."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0063","first-page":"1179","article-title":"Conservative Q-learning for offline reinforcement learning","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2021.100985","article-title":"Multi-objective Q-learning-based hyper-heuristic with Bi-criteria selection for energy-aware mixed shop scheduling","volume":"69","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2025.101962","article-title":"Multimodal multi-objective optimization via multi-operator adaptation and clustering-based environmental selection","volume":"96","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2024.101728","article-title":"Surrogate-assisted push and pull search for expensive constrained multi-objective optimization problems","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Swarm Evol. Comput."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02023073","article-title":"Routing and scheduling in a flexible job shop by tabu search","volume":"41","author":"Brandimarte","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann. Oper. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018930406487","article-title":"An integrated approach for modeling and solving the general multiprocessor job-shop scheduling problem using tabu search","volume":"70","author":"Dauz\u00e8re-P\u00e9r\u00e8s","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Oper. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0069","series-title":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR)","article-title":"Optimistic exploration even with a pessimistic initialisation","author":"Rashid","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0070","article-title":"Multi-objective optimization based on decomposition for flexible job shop scheduling under time-of-use electricity prices","volume":"212","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2024.127491","article-title":"Adaptive operator selection with dueling deep Q-network for evolutionary multi-objective optimization","volume":"581","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"}],"container-title":["Swarm and Evolutionary Computation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221065022600218X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221065022600218X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T04:16:25Z","timestamp":1787112985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221065022600218X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["S221065022600218X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498","relation":{},"ISSN":["2210-6502"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2210-6502","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reinforcement learning-driven multi-objective optimization for energy-efficient flexible job shop scheduling considering steam consumption in textile production","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Swarm and Evolutionary Computation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.swevo.2026.102498","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102498"}}