{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T12:04:59Z","timestamp":1779883499733,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024GX-YBXM-010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GX-YBXM-010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024GX-ZDCYL-02-15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024GX-ZDCYL-02-15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017596","name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024JC-ZDXM-40"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JC-ZDXM-40"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017596","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Systems Architecture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T06:15:25Z","timestamp":1775456125000},"page":"103795","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["An entropy-weighted multi-objective scheduling strategy based on hybrid workflows construction in cloud"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9653-7253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.08.145","article-title":"Energy-efficient VM opening algorithms for real-time workflows in heterogeneous clouds","volume":"483","author":"Long","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8967","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2022.3165085","article-title":"IECL: an intelligent energy consumption model for cloud manufacturing","volume":"18","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Informatics"},{"issue":"39","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.4108\/ew.v9i39.1509","article-title":"Task scheduling techniques for energy efficiency in the cloud","volume":"9","author":"Kak","year":"2022","journal-title":"EAI Endorsed Trans. Energy Web"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Security prioritized multiple workflow allocation model under precedence constraints in cloud computing environment","author":"Alam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clust. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Performance models of data parallel DAG workflows for large scale data analytics","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Distrib. Parallel Databases"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2024.3422828","article-title":"SpotDAG: An RL-based algorithm for DAG workflow scheduling in heterogeneous cloud environments","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2025.105086","article-title":"Schedule multi-instance microservices to minimize response time under budget constraint in cloud HPC systems","volume":"202","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Parallel Distrib. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b8","series-title":"International Conference on Swarm Intelligence","first-page":"335","article-title":"Monte Carlo tree search with adaptive estimation for DAG scheduling","author":"Allahverdyan","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b9","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multi-objective DAG task offloading in MEC environment based on federated DQN with automated hyperparameter optimization","author":"Tong","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2021.03.141","article-title":"Adaptive offloading and scheduling algorithm for big data based mobile edge computing","volume":"485","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b11","first-page":"1807","article-title":"ET2FA: A hybrid heuristic algorithm for deadline-constrained workflow scheduling in cloud","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2024.3492210","article-title":"Real relative encoding genetic algorithm for workflow scheduling in heterogeneous distributed computing systems","volume":"36","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2025.105069","article-title":"A knowledge-driven approach to multi-objective IoT task graph scheduling in fog-cloud computing","volume":"202","author":"Gholami","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Parallel Distrib. Comput."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5691","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2024.3428496","article-title":"Reinforcement learning-based online scheduling of multiple workflows in edge environment","volume":"21","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Netw. Serv. Manag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3197","DOI":"10.1109\/TCC.2023.3269144","article-title":"A fully hybrid algorithm for deadline constrained workflow scheduling in clouds","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b16","series-title":"2022 41st Chinese Control Conference","first-page":"2428","article-title":"A fuzzy scheduling strategy for online multi-workflows in IaaS clouds","author":"Ye","year":"2022"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b17","first-page":"480","article-title":"Optimized Min-Min task scheduling algorithm for scientific workflows in a cloud environment","volume":"100","author":"Murad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Theor. Appl. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b18","first-page":"105","article-title":"SLA-based group tasks Max-Min (GTMax-Min) algorithm for task scheduling in multi-cloud environments","author":"Kamalam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oper. Multi-Cloud Environ.: Technol. Tools Use Cases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b19","article-title":"AQESF: An adaptive QoS-enhanced scheduling framework for online batch of task scheduling","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Future Gener. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40731","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2022.3166912","article-title":"Performance evaluation of bandwidth allocating algorithms in generalized multi protocol label switched optical networks to enhance quality of service","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcan.2022.04.023","article-title":"Combining neural network-based method with heuristic policy for optimal task scheduling in hierarchical edge cloud","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digit. Commun. Networks"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37351","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2024.3442997","article-title":"Transformer-enhanced DQN approach for energy and cost-efficient large-scale dynamic workflow scheduling in heterogeneous environment","volume":"11","author":"Ding","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6907","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2024.3456762","article-title":"A budget-constrained workflow scheduling approach with priority adjustment and critical task optimizing in clouds","volume":"22","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b24","series-title":"2022 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analytics","first-page":"22","article-title":"A parallelism-based earliest finish time (PBEFT) algorithm for workflow scheduling in clouds","author":"Wu","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b25","series-title":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing","first-page":"286","article-title":"HEFTLess: A bi-objective serverless workflow batch orchestration on the computing continuum","author":"Farahani","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b26","series-title":"2023 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference\/2023 International Photonics and Optoelectronics Meetings (ACP\/POEM)","first-page":"1","article-title":"Data-aware hierarchical task offloading in collaborative cloud-edge elastic optical networks","author":"Fan","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41517","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3377236","article-title":"Novel PSO-based algorithm for workflow time and energy optimization in a heterogeneous fog computing environment","volume":"12","author":"Chafi","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b28","series-title":"2024 IEEE 6th Advanced Information Management, Communicates, Electronic and Automation Control Conference, vol. 6","first-page":"649","article-title":"Particle swarm optimization algorithm for workflow scheduling based on spot instances","author":"Zou","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b29","series-title":"2024 Second International Conference on Data Science and Information System","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efficient workflow scheduling in fog-cloud environments using ant colony optimization","author":"Varshney","year":"2024"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2023.3247973","article-title":"DB-ACO: A deadline-budget constrained ant colony optimization for workflow scheduling in clouds","volume":"21","author":"Tao","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1109\/TSC.2022.3174112","article-title":"A workflow scheduling approach with modified fuzzy adaptive genetic algorithm in IaaS clouds","volume":"16","author":"Rizvi","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3577247","article-title":"Prediction-based distributed state estimation control for IoT-enabled train positioning systems","author":"Ponnarasi","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12638","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3012617","article-title":"Energy-aware metaheuristic algorithm for industrial-Internet-of-Things task scheduling problems in fog computing applications","volume":"8","author":"Abdel-Basset","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.4304\/jnw.7.3.547-553","article-title":"Task scheduling optimization in cloud computing based on heuristic algorithm","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Networks"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3563","DOI":"10.3390\/math11163563","article-title":"A hybrid many-objective optimization algorithm for job scheduling in cloud computing based on merge-and-split theory","volume":"11","author":"Khaleel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mathematics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176363","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3505546","article-title":"A hybrid task scheduling technique in fog computing using fuzzy logic and deep reinforcement learning","volume":"12","author":"Choppara","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1177\/10943420211051039","article-title":"An analytical performance model of generalized hierarchical scheduling","volume":"36","author":"Herbein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795_b38","series-title":"2012 IEEE 8th International Conference on E-Science","first-page":"1","article-title":"Workflowsim: A toolkit for simulating scientific workflows in distributed environments","author":"Chen","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Journal of Systems Architecture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138376212600113X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S138376212600113X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T11:09:48Z","timestamp":1779880188000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S138376212600113X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S138376212600113X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795","relation":{},"ISSN":["1383-7621"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1383-7621","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An entropy-weighted multi-objective scheduling strategy based on hybrid workflows construction in cloud","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Systems Architecture","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sysarc.2026.103795","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103795"}}