{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:15:40Z","timestamp":1783606540404,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Integration"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T23:08:24Z","timestamp":1781737704000},"page":"102801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Design of a low-power bulk-driven double differential pair OTA with enhanced transconductance and CMRR"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9948-6781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kulbhushan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dikshant","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2025.105103","article-title":"Design and analysis of low noise, low power OTA considering design trade-offs for biomedical applications","volume":"26","author":"Yogeshwar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Results Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36224","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2025.3544735","article-title":"A 450 mV tunable low-frequency OTA-C third-order elliptic low-pass filter for BioSignal applications","volume":"13","author":"Kumngern","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2022.154357","article-title":"High current efficiency fast transient gain-boosted single-stage bulk-driven OTA with enhanced input stage suitable for heavy capacitive loads","volume":"155","author":"Ghosh","year":"2022","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib4","first-page":"1","article-title":"A 50-MHz bandwidth and 50.6-dBm OOB-IIP3 transimpedance amplifier based on a three-stage pseudo-differential OTA","author":"Tao","year":"2023"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.3390\/s24051558","article-title":"1 V Electronically tunable differential difference current conveyors using multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers","volume":"24","author":"Kumngern","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103784","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3098183","article-title":"0.5-V high linear and wide tunable OTA for biomedical applications","volume":"9","author":"Khateb","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics11010074","article-title":"A low-voltage, ultra-low-power, high-gain operational amplifier design for portable wearable devices","volume":"11","author":"Bai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2003.811979","article-title":"A low-power low-noise CMOS amplifier for neural recording applications","volume":"38","author":"Harrison","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE J. Solid State Circ."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-019-01577-w","article-title":"A fully differential capacitively-coupled high CMRR low-power chopper amplifier for EEG dry electrodes","volume":"102","author":"Habibzadeh Tonekabony Shad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2023.154994","article-title":"A low-power low-noise amplifier with high CMRR for wearable healthcare applications","volume":"173","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.11591\/eei.v13i4.7585","article-title":"Ultra-low-power super class-AB adaptive biasing operational transconductance amplifier with enhanced gain for biomedical applications","volume":"13","author":"Pandey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bull. Electr. Eng. Inf."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-023-02175-7","article-title":"A 0.35-V cascoded flipped voltage follower assisted improved fully-differential subthreshold gate-driven class-AB OTA with boosted gain, CMRR, and slew rate","volume":"116","author":"Ghosh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2023.3266806","article-title":"A 0.3-V 8.5-\u03bc a bulk-driven OTA","volume":"31","author":"Ballo","year":"2023","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics14081543","article-title":"A low-power, low-noise recycling folded-cascode operational transconductance amplifier for neural recording applications","volume":"14","author":"Moosaei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib15","first-page":"415","article-title":"A survey of non-conventional techniques for low-voltage low-power analog circuit design","volume":"22","author":"Khateb","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radioengineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27459","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2972067","article-title":"A 0.3-V 98-dB Rail-to-Rail OTA in $0.18\u223c\\mu $ m CMOS","volume":"8","author":"Kulej","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2024.155236","article-title":"Low-power filter design using quasi-floating gate and level shifter approaches for biological healthcare applications","volume":"177","author":"Thakur","year":"2024","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0197213","article-title":"0.279 nW fourth-order filter circuit for biological signal conditioning","volume":"14","author":"Thakur","year":"2024","journal-title":"AIP Adv."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1109\/MCAS.2002.999703","article-title":"Low voltage analog circuit design techniques","volume":"2","author":"Rajput","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Circ. Syst. Mag."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0038939","article-title":"Low-voltage low-noise gate driven quasi-floating bulk self-cascode current mirror operational transconductance amplifier","volume":"92","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-cds.2012.0372","article-title":"0.5\u2010V bulk\u2010driven CMOS operational amplifier","volume":"7","author":"Kulej","year":"2013","journal-title":"IET Circuits, Devices Syst."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1109\/TVLSI.2021.3084695","article-title":"An enhanced input differential pair for low-voltage bulk-driven amplifiers","volume":"29","author":"Akbari","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Very Large Scale Integr. (VLSI) Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2004.842059","article-title":"A 2-nW 1.1-V self-biased current reference in CMOS technology","volume":"52","author":"Camacho-Galeano","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib24","article-title":"A low-noise high-gain recycling folded cascode operational transconductance amplifier based on gate driven and quasi-floating bulk technique","author":"Saini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Circuits Syst. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib25","series-title":"Workshop on Compact Models\u20136th Int. Conf. Modeling and Simulation of Microsystems (MSM 2003)","first-page":"23","article-title":"A basic property of MOS transistors and its circuit implications","author":"Vittoz","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2020.08.001","article-title":"MOS based Pseudo-resistors exhibiting Tera Ohms of Incremental Resistance for biomedical applications: analysis and proof of concept","volume":"76","author":"Sharma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Integr. VLSI J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib27","series-title":"Extreme Low-Power Mixed Signal IC Design: Subthreshold Source-Coupled Circuits","author":"Tajalli","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2018.03.033","article-title":"Low-voltage PVT-insensitive bulk-driven OTA with enhanced DC gain in 65-nm CMOS process","volume":"90","author":"Veldandi","year":"2018","journal-title":"AEU-Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7553","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSI.2025.3570542","article-title":"0.4-v nw-power high-gain bulk-driven two-stage ota with self-cascode composite transistors and intrinsic current-buffer miller compensation","volume":"72","author":"Shah","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I Regul. Pap."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics14102085","article-title":"Bulk-driven CMOS differential stages for ultra-low-voltage ultra-low-power operational transconductance amplifiers: a comparative analysis","volume":"14","author":"Shah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Electronics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1109\/4.309905","article-title":"Series-parallel association of FET's for high gain and high frequency applications","volume":"29","author":"Galup-Montoro","year":"1994","journal-title":"IEEE J. Solid State Circ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-cds:20060058","article-title":"Self-cascode SOI versus graded-channel SOI MOS transistors","volume":"153","author":"Sanz","year":"2006","journal-title":"IEE Proc. Circ. Dev. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib33","series-title":"Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits","author":"Razavi","year":"2002"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-020-01623-y","article-title":"A 1.1 \u03bcW biopotential amplifier based on bulk-driven quasi-floating gate technique with extremely low-value of offset voltage","volume":"103","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib35","series-title":"Variation-aware Design of Custom Integrated Circuits: a Hands-On Field Guide","author":"McConaghy","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib36","article-title":"0.6\u2010V CMOS cascode OTA with complementary gate\u2010driven gain\u2010boosting and forward body bias","volume":"48","author":"Cellucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Circ. Theor. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aeue.2020.153282","article-title":"A low-voltage class-AB OTA exploiting adaptive biasing","volume":"122","author":"Centurelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"AEU Int. J. Electron. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s10470-021-01899-8","article-title":"An ultra-low-power near rail-to-rail pseudo-differential subthreshold gate-driven OTA with improved small and large signal performances","volume":"109","author":"Ghosh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Analog Integr. Circuits Signal Process."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.3390\/mi15091108","article-title":"An ultra-low-voltage transconductance stable and enhanced OTA for ECG signal processing","volume":"15","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Micromachines"}],"container-title":["Integration"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167926026001562?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167926026001562?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T13:24:06Z","timestamp":1783603446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167926026001562"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0167926026001562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-9260"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-9260","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Design of a low-power bulk-driven double differential pair OTA with enhanced transconductance and CMRR","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Integration","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vlsi.2026.102801","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102801"}}