{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T15:14:32Z","timestamp":1767971672249,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4011,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0004-3702(02)00230-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,14]],"date-time":"2002-10-14T13:01:41Z","timestamp":1034600501000},"page":"213-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Narrative prose generation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Charles B.","family":"Callaway","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Lester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB001","series-title":"How to Do Things with Words","author":"Austin","year":"1962"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB002","series-title":"Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative","author":"Bal","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0101_2","article-title":"An overview of KRL, a knowledge representation language","volume":"1","author":"Bobrow","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cognitive Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB004","series-title":"Proc. International Symposium on Spoken Dialogue, Philadelphia, PA","article-title":"Lexical entrainment in spontaneous dialog","author":"Brennan","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB005","unstructured":"C.B. Callaway, Narrative prose generation, Ph.D. Thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB006","series-title":"Proc. Second International Conference on Intelligent Text Processing and Computational Linguistics, Mexico City, Mexico","first-page":"251","article-title":"A computational feature analysis for multilingual character-to-character dialogue","author":"Callaway","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB007","series-title":"Proc. 40th Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Philadelphia, PA","article-title":"Pronominalization in discourse and dialogue","author":"Callaway","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB008","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-97, Nagoya, Japan","first-page":"952","article-title":"Dynamically improving explanations: A revision-based approach to explanation generation","author":"Callaway","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB009","series-title":"Proc. Twenty-Third Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Edinburgh, Scotland","first-page":"164","article-title":"Evaluating the effects of natural language generation techniques on reader satisfaction","author":"Callaway","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB010","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-2001, Seattle, WA","first-page":"1241","article-title":"Narrative prose generation","author":"Callaway","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB011","series-title":"Proc. 1999 Argentine Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Buenos Aires, Argentina","first-page":"177","article-title":"Multilingual natural language generation for 3D learning environments","author":"Callaway","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB012","series-title":"Proc. International Natural Language Generation Conference, Mitzpe Ramon, Israel","article-title":"Coordination and context-dependence in the generation of embodied conversation","author":"Cassell","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005722729974","article-title":"Quotative inversion","volume":"15","author":"Collins","year":"1997","journal-title":"Natural Language Linguistic Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB014","series-title":"Proc. Workshop on Text Representation and Domain Modelling","first-page":"110","article-title":"Exploring the role of punctuation in the signalling of discourse structure","author":"Dale","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB015","series-title":"Proc. Fourth European Workshop on Natural Language Generation, Pisa, Italy","article-title":"Aggregation in natural language generation","author":"Dalianis","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB016","series-title":"Representations of Commonsense Knowledge","author":"Davis","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB017","series-title":"Centering in Discourse","article-title":"Centering in Italian","author":"Di Eugenio","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB018","unstructured":"C. Doran, Incorporating punctuation into the sentence grammar: A lexicalized tree adjoining grammar perspective, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB019","unstructured":"M. Elhadad, Using argumentation to control lexical choice: A functional unification implementation, Ph.D. Thesis, Columbia University, New York, 1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB020","series-title":"Proc. Thirteenth International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Helsinki, Finland","first-page":"97","article-title":"Generating connectives","author":"Elhadad","year":"1990"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB021","first-page":"195","article-title":"Floating constraints in lexical choice","volume":"23","author":"Elhadad","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comput. Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(83)90037-9","article-title":"What's wrong with story grammars?","volume":"15","author":"Garnham","year":"1983","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB023","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-77, Cambridge, MA","first-page":"67","article-title":"The representation and use of focus in a system for understanding dialogs","author":"Grosz","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB024","series-title":"Proc. Discourse Relations and Discourse Markers Workshop, Montr\u00e9al, QB","first-page":"22","article-title":"Representing temporal discourse markers for generation purposes","author":"Grote","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB025","series-title":"Proc. 9th International Workshop on Natural Language Generation, Niagara-on-the-Lake, ON","first-page":"128","article-title":"Discourse marker choice in sentence planning","author":"Grote","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB026","series-title":"Proc. 18th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany","article-title":"Pronominalization revisited","author":"Henschel","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008297401272","article-title":"A model for adapting explanations to the user's likely inferences","volume":"7","author":"Horacek","year":"1997","journal-title":"User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/01638537709544989","article-title":"Effects of textual and cohesive structure on discourse processing","volume":"23","author":"Hoover","year":"1997","journal-title":"Discourse Processes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0004-3702(93)90021-3","article-title":"Automated discourse generation using discourse structure relations","volume":"63","author":"Hovy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB030","series-title":"Proc. AAAI-91, Anaheim, CA","article-title":"Automatic generation of formatted text","author":"Hovy","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. Jones, What's the point? A (computational) theory of punctuation, Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Edinburgh, Scotland, 1996","DOI":"10.3115\/993268.993274"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB032","series-title":"Aspects of Automated Natural Language Generation","first-page":"247","article-title":"Integrated natural language generation systems","author":"Kantrowitz","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB033","series-title":"Proc. First International Conference on Natural Language Generation, Mitzpe Ramon, Israel","first-page":"194","article-title":"An integrated framework for text planning and pronominalisation","author":"Kibble","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(73)90036-4","article-title":"Reading rate and retention as a function of the number of propositions in the base structure of sentences","volume":"5","author":"Kintsch","year":"1973","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB035","article-title":"A data-driven method for classifying connective phrases","volume":"39","author":"Knott","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Language Speech"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB036","unstructured":"R.R. Lang, A formal model for simple narratives, Ph.D. Thesis, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 1997"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-422X(85)90015-4","article-title":"Story-telling as planning and learning","volume":"14","author":"Lebowitz","year":"1985","journal-title":"Poetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB038","series-title":"Style in Fiction: A Linguistic Introduction to English Fictional Prose","author":"Leech","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB039","series-title":"What Stories Are, The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA","author":"Leitch","year":"1986"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB040","first-page":"65","article-title":"Developing and empirically evaluating robust explanation generators: The Knight experiments","volume":"23","author":"Lester","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comput. Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB041","series-title":"The Grammar of Discourse","author":"Longacre","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB042","series-title":"Proc. Twenty-First Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Vancouver, Canada","first-page":"378","article-title":"Taking time to structure discourse: Pronoun generation beyond accessibility","author":"McCoy","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB043","series-title":"Story","author":"McKee","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB044","series-title":"Proc. IJCAI-77, Cambridge, MA","article-title":"Tale-Spin\u2014an interactive program that writes stories","author":"Meehan","year":"1977"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB045","first-page":"431","article-title":"Describing complex charts in natural language: A caption generation system","volume":"24","author":"Mittal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comput. Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB046","series-title":"Participating in Explanatory Dialogues","author":"Moore","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB047","series-title":"Proc. DAARC'96\u2014Discourse Anaphora and Anaphor Resolution Colloquium, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK","article-title":"Exploiting the discourse structure for anaphora generation","author":"Not","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB048","series-title":"The Linguistics of Punctuation","author":"Nunberg","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB049","unstructured":"B. Porter, J. Lester, K. Murray, K. Pittman, A. Souther, L. Acker, T. Jones, AI research in the context of a multifunctional knowledge base: The botany knowledge base project, Technical Report #AI88-88, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB050","series-title":"Proc. Seventh European Workshop on Natural Language Generation, Toulouse, France","article-title":"Generating embedded discourse markers from rhetorical structure","author":"Power","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB051","series-title":"Morphology of the Folktale","author":"Propp","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB052","series-title":"A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language","author":"Quirk","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB053","series-title":"Proc. Seventh International Workshop on Natural Language Generation, Kennebunkport, ME","first-page":"163","article-title":"Has a consensus NL generation architecture appeared, and is it psycholinguistically plausible?","author":"Reiter","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB054","unstructured":"J. Robin, Revision-based generation of natural language summaries providing historical background, Ph.D. Thesis, Columbia University, New York, 1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB055","series-title":"Speech Acts","author":"Searle","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB056","series-title":"Introduction to the Analysis of the Literary Text","author":"Segre","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB057","series-title":"COLING-ACL-98: Proc. Joint 36th Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Montr\u00e9al, QB","first-page":"1220","article-title":"Segregatory coordination and ellipsis in text generation","author":"Shaw","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB058","series-title":"Computational Models of Discourse","first-page":"267","article-title":"Focusing in the comprehension of definite anaphora","author":"Sidner","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB059","series-title":"A Theory of Narrative","author":"Stanzel","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. Stede, Lexical semantics and knowledge representation in multilingual sentence generation, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 1996","DOI":"10.1515\/9783111555522.317"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB061","series-title":"Little Red Riding Hood","author":"Thomson","year":"1884"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB062","unstructured":"D. Traum, A computational theory of grounding in natural language generation, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB063","series-title":"The Creative Process: A Computer Model of Storytelling and Creativity","author":"Turner","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB064","series-title":"Centering in Discourse","article-title":"Centering, anaphora resolution, and discourse structure","author":"Walker","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB065","series-title":"A Formal Approach to Discourse Anaphora, Garland, NY","author":"Webber","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB066","unstructured":"P. Weyhrauch, Guiding interactive drama, Ph.D. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 1997"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB067","first-page":"169","article-title":"An empirical study on the generation of anaphora in chinese","volume":"23","author":"Yeh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Comput. Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB068","series-title":"Proc. AAAI-96, Portland, OR","first-page":"1075","article-title":"Using plan reasoning in the generation of plan descriptions","author":"Young","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0004-3702(02)00230-8_BIB069","series-title":"Workshop Notes of the AAAI-99 Fall Symposium on Narrative Intelligence, Cape Cod, MA","first-page":"164","article-title":"Notes on the use of plan structures in the creation of interactive plot","author":"Young","year":"1999"}],"container-title":["Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0004370202002308?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0004370202002308?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T02:11:53Z","timestamp":1621044713000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0004370202002308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0004370202002308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0004-3702(02)00230-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3702","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}