{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T06:09:53Z","timestamp":1770962993269,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,2,1]],"date-time":"1999-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":917827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,18]],"date-time":"2013-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5281,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0005-2728(98)00166-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T23:51:59Z","timestamp":1027641119000},"page":"183-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Mitochondria in organismal aging and degeneration"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"1410","author":[{"given":"G.A","family":"Cortopassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medawar P.B. (Ed.), The Uniqueness of the Individual, Methuen, London, 1957, pp. 44\u201370.","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.4483"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/270301a0","article-title":"Evolution of ageing","volume":"270","author":"Kirkwood","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00569695","article-title":"Cytogerontology since 1881: a reappraisal of August Weismann and a review of modern progress","volume":"2","author":"Kirkwood","year":"1982","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01435983","article-title":"The Janiform genetics of aging","volume":"91","author":"Rose","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950170515","article-title":"Chance and longevity","volume":"17","author":"Holliday","year":"1995","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(95)00020-7","article-title":"Genotypic selection of mitochondrial and oncogenic mutations in human tissue suggests mechanisms of age-related pathophysiology","volume":"338","author":"Cortopassi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(96)01788-5","article-title":"There is substantial agreement among interspecies estimates of DNA repair activity","volume":"91","author":"Cortopassi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/325031a0","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution","volume":"325","author":"Cann","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00763096","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA mutations in diseases of energy metabolism","volume":"26","author":"Wallace","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Bioenerg. Biomembr."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0596-25","article-title":"Genetic analysis of ageing: role of oxidative damage and environmental stresses","volume":"13","author":"Martin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0531-5565(95)02021-7","article-title":"Genetic modulation of the senescent phenotype of Homo sapiens","volume":"31","author":"Martin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(95)00007-S","article-title":"The somatic mutation theory of ageing","volume":"338","author":"Morley","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8910","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.19.8910","article-title":"Bcl-2 translocation frequency rises with age in humans","volume":"91","author":"Liu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.1.360","article-title":"UV and skin cancer: specific p53 gene mutation in normal skin as a biologically relevant exposure measurement","volume":"91","author":"Nakazawa","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199503163321104","article-title":"Association between cigarette smoking and mutation of the p53 gene in squamous-cell carcinoma of the head and neck","volume":"332","author":"Brennan","year":"1995","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2280(1997)29:3<221::AID-EM1>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Sources of variability in mutant frequency determinations in different organs of lacZ plasmid-based transgenic mice: experimental features and statistical analysis","volume":"29","author":"Boerrigter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1972.tb00787.x","article-title":"The biologic clock: the mitochondria?","volume":"20","author":"Harman","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Am. Ger. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB18","first-page":"143","article-title":"Age dependent changes in mitochondria","volume":"35","author":"Fleming","year":"1985","journal-title":"Basic Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92145-4","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA mutations as an important contributor to ageing and degenerative diseases","volume":"1","author":"Linnane","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(91)90042-X","article-title":"Mitochondrial theory of senescence: respiratory chain protein studies in human skeletal muscle","volume":"60","author":"Byrne","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6927","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/18.23.6927","article-title":"Detection of a specific mitochondrial DNA deletion in tissues of older humans","volume":"18","author":"Cortopassi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1292-324","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA deletions in human brain: regional variability and increase with advanced age","volume":"2","author":"Corral-Debrinski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1533953","article-title":"Mitochondrial genetics: a paradigm for aging and degenerative diseases?","volume":"256","author":"Wallace","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.5.974","article-title":"Multi-organ characterization of mitochondrial genomic rearrangements in ad libitum and caloric restricted mice show striking somatic mitochondrial DNA rearrangements with age","volume":"25","author":"Melov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4122","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/23.20.4122","article-title":"Marked increase in the number and variety of mitochondrial DNA rearrangements in aging human skeletal muscle","volume":"23","author":"Melov","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7370","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.16.7370","article-title":"A pattern of accumulation of a somatic deletion of mitochondrial DNA in aging human tissues","volume":"89","author":"Cortopassi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)90497-B","article-title":"Increase of deleted mitochondrial DNA in the striatum in Parkinson\u2019s disease and senescence","volume":"170","author":"Ikebe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB28","first-page":"1067","article-title":"Mitochondrial gene mutation: the ageing process and degenerative diseases","volume":"22","author":"Linnane","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochem. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1292-324","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA deletions in human brain: regional variability and increase with advanced age","volume":"2","author":"Corral-Debrinski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(92)90059-V","article-title":"Accumulation of deletions in human mitochondrial DNA during normal aging: analysis by quantitative PCR","volume":"1180","author":"Simonetti","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B201","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/48.6.B201","article-title":"Multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions associated with age in skeletal muscle of rhesus monkeys","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12082.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA transcription and translation in aged rat. Effect of acetyl-l-carnitine","volume":"717","author":"Gadaleta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. New York Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(94)90009-4","article-title":"Detection and quantitation by competitive PCR of an age-associated increase in a 4.8-kb deletion in rat mitochondrial DNA","volume":"316","author":"Edris","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.1980","article-title":"Multiple deletions in mitochondrial DNA are present in senescent mouse brain","volume":"202","author":"Brossas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB35","first-page":"193","article-title":"Multiple age-associated mitochondrial DNA deletions in skeletal muscle of mice","volume":"6","author":"Chung","year":"1994","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24769","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.42.24769","article-title":"Multiple deletions are detectable in mitochondrial DNA of aging mice","volume":"270","author":"Tanhauser","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.6.1075","article-title":"Detection of deletions in the mitochondrial genome of Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"22","author":"Melov","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1292-318","article-title":"Mosaicism for a specific somatic mitochondrial DNA mutation in adult human brain","volume":"2","author":"Soong","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198905183202001","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA deletions in progressive external ophthalmoplegia and Kearns\u2013Sayre syndrome","volume":"320","author":"Moraes","year":"1989","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/331717a0","article-title":"Deletions of muscle mitochondrial DNA in patients with mitochondrial myopathies","volume":"331","author":"Holt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9509","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.23.9509","article-title":"Detection of \u2018deleted\u2019 mitochondrial genomes in cytochrome-c oxidase-deficient muscle fibers of a patient with Kearns\u2013Sayre syndrome","volume":"86","author":"Mita","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7952","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.20.7952","article-title":"Spontaneous Kearns\u2013Sayre\/chronic external ophthalmoplegia plus syndrome associated with a mitochondrial DNA deletion: a slip-replication model and metabolic therapy","volume":"86","author":"Shoffner","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470130092035","article-title":"Hypoxemia is associated with mitochondrial DNA damage and gene induction. Implications for cardiac disease","volume":"266","author":"Corral-Debrinski","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(91)90020-I","article-title":"Age-dependent increase in deleted mitochondrial DNA in the human heart: possible contributory factor to presbycardia","volume":"121","author":"Hattori","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB45","first-page":"285","article-title":"Ageing-associated large-scale deletions of mitochondrial DNA in human hair follicles","volume":"42","author":"Kao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1996.tb39049.x","article-title":"Simultaneous increase of mitochondrial DNA deletions and lipid peroxidation in human aging","volume":"786","author":"Wei","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann. New York Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(95)00021-W","article-title":"Human aging is associated with stochastic somatic mutations of mitochondrial DNA","volume":"338","author":"Kadenbach","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410410120","article-title":"Mitochondrial function in muscle from elderly athletes","volume":"41","author":"Brierly","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.6400","article-title":"Gross mosaic pattern of mitochondrial DNA deletions in skeletal muscle tissues of an individual adult human subject","volume":"233","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-5107(97)00091-2","article-title":"The rate of mitochondrial mutagenesis is faster in mice than humans","volume":"377","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00546-1","article-title":"Age-associated alterations of the mitochondrial genome","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:3<265::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Quantitative allele-specific PCR: demonstration of age-associated accumulation in human tissues of the A\u2192G mutation at nucleotide 3243 in mitochondrial DNA","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2158","article-title":"Occurrence of a particular base substitution (3243 A to G) in mitochondrial DNA of tissues of ageing humans","volume":"195","author":"Zhang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm3.1993.374.7-12.1099","article-title":"Human aging is associated with various point mutations in tRNA genes of mitochondrial DNA","volume":"374","author":"Munscher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)81484-H","article-title":"The point mutation of mitochondrial DNA characteristic for MERRF disease is found also in healthy people of different ages","volume":"31","author":"Munscher","year":"1993","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1997)9:3<265::AID-HUMU8>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Quantitative allele-specific PCR: demonstration of age-associated accumulation in human tissues of the A\u2192G mutation at nucleotide 3243 in mitochondrial DNA","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB57","first-page":"591","article-title":"Evidence that specific mtDNA point mutations may not accumulate in skeletal muscle during normal human aging","volume":"59","author":"Pallotti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-8734(92)90017-J","article-title":"Respiratory chain failure in adult muscle fibres: relationship with ageing and possible implications for the neuronal pool","volume":"275","author":"Byrne","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB59","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Cytochrome-c-oxidase deficient cardiomyocytes in the human heart \u2013 an age-related phenomenon. A histochemical ultracytochemical study","volume":"134","author":"Muller-Hocker","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01605127","article-title":"Different in situ hybridization patterns of mitochondrial DNA in cytochrome c oxidase-deficient extraocular muscle fibres in the elderly","volume":"422","author":"Muller-Hocker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virchows Archiv."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/89.4.251","article-title":"Effects of physical activity and age on mitochondrial function","volume":"89","author":"Brierley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1038\/1781225a0","article-title":"Age and oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver and brain","volume":"178","author":"Weinbach","year":"1956","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)70315-3","article-title":"Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria from aged rats","volume":"234","author":"Weinbach","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(80)90070-6","article-title":"Modification of mitochondrial respiration by aging and dietary restriction","volume":"12","author":"Weindruch","year":"1980","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92143-0","article-title":"Decline in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory chain function: possible factor in ageing","volume":"1","author":"Trounce","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-2997(96)00013-1","article-title":"Mitochondrial diseases and aging","volume":"17","author":"Papa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Aspects Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2728(96)00077-1","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation changes in the life span. Molecular aspects and physiopathological implications","volume":"1276","author":"Papa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(95)00107-7","article-title":"Ageing is associated in females with a decline in the content and activity on the b-c1 complex in skeletal muscle mitochondria","volume":"1315","author":"Boffoli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2732","article-title":"Correlation between mitochondrial DNA 4977-bp deletion and respiratory chain enzyme activities in aging human skeletal muscles","volume":"205","author":"Lezza","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB70","first-page":"1009","article-title":"Age-dependent respiratory function decline and DNA deletions in human muscle mitochondria","volume":"32","author":"Hsieh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(96)01696-X","article-title":"Mitochondrial electron transport chain activities and DNA deletions in regions of the rat brain","volume":"87","author":"Filburn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/23.4.509","article-title":"Effect of age on oxidative phosphorylation in the rat","volume":"23","author":"Gold","year":"1968","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.1839","article-title":"Absence of relationship between the level of electron transport chain activities and aging in human skeletal muscle","volume":"229","author":"Barrientos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(95)00027-2","article-title":"The universality of bioenergetic disease and amelioration with redox therapy","volume":"1271","author":"Linnane","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3064","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.7.3064","article-title":"Mitochondrial decay in hepatocytes from old rats: membrane potential declines, heterogeneity and oxidants increase","volume":"94","author":"Hagen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-6374(93)90048-V","article-title":"Age-dependent modifications of mitochondrial trans-membrane potential and mass in rat splenic lymphocytes during proliferation","volume":"70","author":"Pieri","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mech. Aging Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(93)90139-L","article-title":"Aging, cytochrome oxidase activity, and hydrogen peroxide release by mitochondria","volume":"4","author":"Sohal","year":"1993","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.C. Yang, G.A. Cortopassi, dATP causes specific release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, Biochem Biophys. Res. Commun. 250, 454\u2013457.","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9333"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(97)00182-6","article-title":"Analysis of oxygen consumption and mitochondrial permeability with age in mice","volume":"101","author":"Goodell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1295-376","article-title":"Dilated cardiomyopathy and neonatal lethality in mutant mice lacking manganese superoxide dismutase","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat. Gent."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9782","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.18.9782","article-title":"Neurodegeneration, myocardial injury, and perinatal death in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-deficient mice","volume":"93","author":"Lebovitz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90218-8","article-title":"Familial mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MERRF): genetic, pathophysiological, and biochemical characterization of a mitochondrial DNA disease","volume":"55","author":"Wallace","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB83","first-page":"1202","article-title":"Segregation and manifestations of the mtDNA tRNA(Lys) A\u2192G(8344) mutation of myoclonus epilepsy and ragged-red fibers (MERRF) syndrome","volume":"51","author":"Larsson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.729","article-title":"Abnormal calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial polarization in a human encephalomyopathy","volume":"92","author":"Moudy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7443","article-title":"mtDNA mutations confer cellular sensitivity to oxidant stress that is partially rescued by calcium depletion and cyclosporin A","volume":"239","author":"Wong","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8334","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50355-6","article-title":"Modulation of the mitochondrial cyclosporin A-sensitive permeability transition pore by the proton electrochemical gradient. Evidence that the pore can be opened by membrane depolarization","volume":"267","author":"Bernardi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1038\/348334a0","article-title":"Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death","volume":"348","author":"Hockenbery","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90203-8","article-title":"Cell-free apoptosis in Xenopus egg extracts: inhibition by Bcl-2 and requirement for an organelle fraction enriched in mitochondria","volume":"79","author":"Newmeyer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80085-9","article-title":"Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts: requirement for dATP and cytochrome c","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.2.367","article-title":"Sequential reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species in early programmed cell death","volume":"182","author":"Zamzami","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.3.1155","article-title":"Mitochondrial permeability transition is a central coordinating event of apoptosis","volume":"184","author":"Marchetti","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9893","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.18.9893","article-title":"Bcl-2 potentiates the maximal calcium uptake capacity of neural cell mitochondria","volume":"93","author":"Murphy","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5303.1132","article-title":"The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis","volume":"275","author":"Kluck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5303.1129","article-title":"Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked","volume":"275","author":"Yang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(79)90371-0","article-title":"The Ca2+-induced membrane transition in mitochondria. I. The protective mechanisms","volume":"195","author":"Hunter","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C755","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1990.258.5.C755","article-title":"Mechanisms by which mitochondria transport calcium","volume":"258","author":"Gunter","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2740611","article-title":"Further evidence that cyclosporin A protects mitochondria from calcium overload by inhibiting a matrix peptidyl-prolyl cis\u2013trans isomerase. Implications for the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of cyclosporin","volume":"274","author":"Griffiths","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB98","first-page":"1277","volume":"9","author":"Kroemer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.C. Yang, G.A. Cortopassi, Induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition causes release of the apoptogenic factor cytochrome c, Free Radic. Biol. Med., in press.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00367-5"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0005-2728(98)00166-2_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.6353","article-title":"Release of cytochrome c from liver mitochondria during permeability transition","volume":"232","author":"Kantrow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."}],"container-title":["Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005272898001662?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0005272898001662?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T07:15:34Z","timestamp":1620890134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0005272898001662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0005272898001662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0005-2728(98)00166-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-2728"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-2728","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,2]]}}}