{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T16:02:59Z","timestamp":1776096179076,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]],"date-time":"1998-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":912470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,12,1]],"date-time":"1998-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":912470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,1,11]],"date-time":"1999-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":916012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["biologicalpsychiatryjournal.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(98)00282-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T16:41:41Z","timestamp":1027615301000},"page":"1229-1238","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":598,"title":["Fear and the brain: where have we been, and where are we going?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"LeDoux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/372669a0","article-title":"Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala","volume":"372","author":"Adolphs","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB2","series-title":"The Amygdala","author":"Aggleton","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB3","series-title":"The Amygdala","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex","author":"Amaral","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01007-3","article-title":"Computational modeling of emotion","volume":"1","author":"Armony","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-07-02592.1998","article-title":"Differential effects of amygdala lesions on early and late plastic components of auditory cortex spike trains during fear conditioning","volume":"18","author":"Armony","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB6","series-title":"A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness","author":"Baars","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90166-3","article-title":"Involvement of LTP in memory","volume":"15","author":"Barnes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7652558","article-title":"Double dissociation of conditioning and declarative knowledge relative to the amygdala and hippocampus in humans","volume":"269","author":"Bechara","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1037\/h0028958","article-title":"Hippocampal lesions in rats and their effect on activity, avoidance, and aggression","volume":"71","author":"Blanchard","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/361031a0","article-title":"A synaptic model of memory","volume":"361","author":"Bliss","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2493","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-07-02493.1992","article-title":"Sensory tuning beyond the sensory system","volume":"12","author":"Bordi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90400-6","article-title":"Deficient long-term memory in mice with a targeted mutation of the cAMP-responsive element binding protein","volume":"79","author":"Bourtchuladze","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80219-6","article-title":"Response and habituation of the human amygdala during visual processing of facial expression","volume":"17","author":"Breiter","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02301.1995","article-title":"Involvement of the central nucleus and basolateral complex of the amygdala in fear conditioning measured with fear-potentiated startle in rats trained concurrently with auditory and visual conditioned stimuli","volume":"15","author":"Campeau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-03-02312.1995","article-title":"Involvement of subcortical and cortical afferents to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala in fear conditioning measured with fear-potentiated startle in rats trained concurrently with auditory and visual conditioned stimuli","volume":"15","author":"Campeau","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2818","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-08-02818.1990","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity in fear conditioning circuits","volume":"10","author":"Clugnet","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01055.1990","article-title":"Unit responses evoked in the amygdala and striatum by electrical stimulation of the medial geniculate body","volume":"10","author":"Clugnet","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB18","series-title":"Descarte\u2019s Error","author":"Damasio","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(08)60305-0","article-title":"The role of the amygdala in emotional learning","volume":"36","author":"Davis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB20","series-title":"The Rat Nervous System","first-page":"223","article-title":"Amygdala","author":"de Olmos","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3839","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-09-03839.1993","article-title":"The role of the medial prefrontal cortex (cingulate gyrus) in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress","volume":"13","author":"Diorio","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB22","series-title":"Personality and Psychotherapy","author":"Dollard","year":"1950"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/378131a0","article-title":"The LTP-memory connection","volume":"378","author":"Eichenbaum","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB24","series-title":"The Amygdala","first-page":"401","article-title":"Amygdala-ventral striatal interactions and reward-related processes","author":"Everitt","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.112.4.863","article-title":"The dorsal hippocampus is essential for context discrimination, but not for contextual conditioning","volume":"112","author":"Frankland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Normal conditioned inhibition and extinction of freezing and fear potentiated startle following electrolytic lesions of medial prefrontal cortex in rats","volume":"111","author":"Gerwitz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB27","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Lesions of the hippocampus in rats do not affect conditioning to context cues in classical fear conditioning","volume":"23","author":"Gisquet-Verrier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB28","series-title":"Brain and Memory","first-page":"41","article-title":"Modulation of emotional and nonemotional memories","author":"Gold","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.111.3.487","article-title":"Dissociable effects of selective lesions to hippocampal subsystems on exploratory behavior, contextual learning, and spatial learning","volume":"111","author":"Good","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/379497a0","article-title":"Recognizing facial emotion","volume":"379","author":"Hamann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(92)90320-2","article-title":"Contribution of the amygdala to learning and performance of conditional fear","volume":"51","author":"Helmstetter","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.108.5.1005","article-title":"Effects of muscimol applied to the basolateral amygdala on acquisition and expression of contextual fear conditioning in rats","volume":"108","author":"Helmstetter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behavior Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.3.2-3.74","article-title":"Long-lasting forms of synaptic potentiation in the mammalian hippocampus","volume":"3","author":"Huang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Learning Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)91135-8","article-title":"Involvement of cortical and thalamic auditory regions in retention of differential bradycardia conditioning to acoustic conditioned stimuli in rabbits","volume":"412","author":"Jarrell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB35","unstructured":"Kapp BS, Whalen PJ, Supple WF, Pascoe JP (1992): Amygdaloid contributions to conditioned arousal and sensory information processing. In: Aggleton, editor. The Amygdala: Neurobiological Aspects of Emotion, Memory, and Mental Dysfunction. New York: Wiley-Liss 229\u2013254."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3629249","article-title":"The cognitive unconscious","volume":"237","author":"Kihlstrom","year":"1987","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/41097","article-title":"Different types of fear-conditioned behavior mediated by separate nuclei within amygdala","volume":"388","author":"Killcross","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1585183","article-title":"Modality-specific retrograde amnesia of fear","volume":"256","author":"Kim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB39","first-page":"352","article-title":"\u201cPsychic blindness\u201d and other symptoms following bilateral temporal lobectomy in rhesus monkeys","volume":"119","author":"Kluver","year":"1937","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB40","series-title":"Wet Mind","author":"Kosslyn","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6846","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-10-06846.1995","article-title":"Impaired fear conditioning following unilateral temporal lobectomy in humans","volume":"15","author":"LaBar","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB42","first-page":"237","article-title":"Sensory systems and emotion","volume":"4","author":"LeDoux","year":"1986","journal-title":"Integr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB43","series-title":"The Amygdala","first-page":"339","article-title":"Emotion and the amygdala","author":"LeDoux","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB44","series-title":"The Emotional Brain","author":"LeDoux","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01043.1990","article-title":"Topographic organization of neurons in the acoustic thalamus that project to the amygdala","volume":"10","author":"LeDoux","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01062.1990","article-title":"The lateral amygdaloid nucleus","volume":"10","author":"LeDoux","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00231742","article-title":"Ultrastructure and synaptic associations of auditory thalamo-amygdala projections in the rat","volume":"85","author":"LeDoux","year":"1991","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.3.2-3.229","article-title":"Convergent but temporally separated inputs to lateral amygdala neurons from the auditory thalamus and auditory cortex use different postsynaptic receptors","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"1996","journal-title":"Learning Memory"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB49","first-page":"1116","article-title":"Disruption of fear conditioning to contextual stimuli but not to a tone by lesions of the accessory basal nucleus of the amygdala","volume":"22","author":"Majidishad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/37472","article-title":"Learning and memory","volume":"390","author":"Malenka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB51","series-title":"Mental Health, United States 1994","author":"Manderscheid","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80041-0","article-title":"The amygdala and fear conditioning","volume":"16","author":"Maren","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(97)00088-0","article-title":"Neurotoxic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus and Pavlovian fear conditioning in rats","volume":"88","author":"Maren","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(98)01123-1","article-title":"The startled seahorse","volume":"2","author":"Maren","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB55","series-title":"Fears, Phobias, and Rituals","author":"Marks","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90016-9","article-title":"Corticoamygdaloid and corticocortical projections of the rat temporal cortex","volume":"57","author":"Mascagni","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5293.1678","article-title":"Control of memory formation through regulated expression of a CaMKII transgene","volume":"274","author":"Mayford","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(95)80028-X","article-title":"Stress and cognitive functioning","volume":"5","author":"McEwen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB59","series-title":"Plasticity in the Central Nervous System","first-page":"18","article-title":"Involvement of the amygdala in the regulation of memory storage","author":"McGaugh","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/37605","article-title":"Fear conditioning induces a lasting potentiation of synaptic currents in vitro","volume":"390","author":"McKernan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9353","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-23-09353.1997","article-title":"Evidence of contextual fear after lesions of the hippocampus","volume":"17","author":"McNish","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(98)01124-3","article-title":"Response from McNish, Gewirtz and Davis","volume":"2","author":"McNish","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/345716a0","article-title":"Blocking of acquisition but not expression of conditioned fear-potentiated startle by NMDA antagonists in the amygdala","volume":"345","author":"Miserendino","year":"1990","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB64","series-title":"The Amygdaloid Complex","first-page":"409","article-title":"Multiple functional contributions of the amygdala in the monkey","author":"Mishkin","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.109.4.681","article-title":"Differential contribution of dorsal and ventral medial prefrontal cortex to the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear","volume":"109","author":"Morgan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90241-C","article-title":"Extinction of emotional learning","volume":"163","author":"Morgan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1038\/383812a0","article-title":"A differential neural response in the human amygdala to fearful and happy facial expressions","volume":"383","author":"Morris","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054288","article-title":"A stimulus-response analysis of anxiety and its role as a reinforcing agent","volume":"46","author":"Mowrer","year":"1939","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(97)01078-4","article-title":"Is it time to invoke multiple fear learning systems?","volume":"1","author":"Nader","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/377115a0","article-title":"Contrasting properties of two forms of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus","volume":"377","author":"Nicoll","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB71","series-title":"Handbook of the Emotions","first-page":"511","article-title":"Fear and anxiety as emotional phenomena","author":"\u00d6hman","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB72","series-title":"The Amygdala","first-page":"167","article-title":"Neurophysiological basis of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome","author":"Ono","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB73","series-title":"Neurobehavioral Plasticity","first-page":"149","article-title":"The anatomy of a memory modulatory system","author":"Packard","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00272-K","article-title":"Intra-amygdaloid projections of the basolateral and basomedial nuclei in the cat","volume":"69","author":"Par\u00e9","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(85)90087-7","article-title":"Electrophysiological characteristics of amygdaloid central nucleus neurons during Pavlovian fear conditioning in the rabbit","volume":"16","author":"Pascoe","year":"1985","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.106.2.274","article-title":"Differential contribution of amygdala and hippocampus to cued and contextual fear conditioning","volume":"106","author":"Phillips","year":"1992","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5308","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-07-05308.1995","article-title":"Lesions of the fornix but not the entorhinal or perirhinal cortex interfere with contextual fear conditioning","volume":"15","author":"Phillips","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903560211","article-title":"Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex","volume":"356","author":"Pitk\u00e4nen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01125-9","article-title":"Organization of intra-amygdaloid circuitries","volume":"20","author":"Pitk\u00e4nen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB80","series-title":"Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Vol. 5","first-page":"279","article-title":"The limbic region. II","author":"Price","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90092-6","article-title":"Fear conditioning enhances short-latency auditory responses of lateral amygdala neurons","volume":"15","author":"Quirk","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80375-X","article-title":"Fear conditioning enhances different temporal components of toned-evoked spike trains in auditory cortex and lateral amygdala","volume":"19","author":"Quirk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90070-5","article-title":"LTP is accompanied by commensurate enhancement of auditory-evoked responses in a fear conditioning circuit","volume":"15","author":"Rogan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81247-7","article-title":"Emotion","volume":"85","author":"Rogan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/37601","article-title":"Fear conditioning induces associative long-term potentiation in the amygdala","volume":"390","author":"Rogan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5928","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-15-05928.1997","article-title":"AMPA-receptor facilitation accelerates fear learning without altering the level of conditioned fear aquired","volume":"17","author":"Rogan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB87","series-title":"The Amygdala","first-page":"143","article-title":"Neurophysiology and functions of the primate amygdala","author":"Rolls","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4501","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-11-04501.1992","article-title":"Equipotentiality of thalamo-amygdala and thalamo-cortico-amygdala projections as auditory conditioned stimulus pathways","volume":"12","author":"Romanski","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(92)90379-L","article-title":"Bilateral destruction of neocortical and perirhinal projection targets of the acoustic thalamus does not disrupt auditory fear conditioning","volume":"142","author":"Romanski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/3.6.499","article-title":"Organization of rodent auditory cortex","volume":"3","author":"Romanski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/3.6.515","article-title":"Information cascade from primary auditory cortex to the amygdala","volume":"3","author":"Romanski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.107.3.444","article-title":"Somatosensory and auditory convergence in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala","volume":"107","author":"Romanski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5276.749","article-title":"Why stress is bad for your brain","volume":"273","author":"Sapolsky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903610211","article-title":"Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex","volume":"361","author":"Savander","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19961014)374:2<291::AID-CNE10>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Intrinsic connections of the rat amygdaloid complex","volume":"374","author":"Savander","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/385254a0","article-title":"Impaired auditory recognition of fear and anger following bilateral amygdala lesions","volume":"385","author":"Scott","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(91)90379-3","article-title":"Complementary roles for the amygdala and hippocampus in aversive conditioning to explicit and contextual cues","volume":"42","author":"Selden","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903420207","article-title":"Intra-amygdaloid projections of the lateral nucleus in the cat","volume":"342","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80426-2","article-title":"A million dollar question: Does LTP = memory?","volume":"20","author":"Stevens","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235545","article-title":"The orbitofrontal cortex","volume":"49","author":"Thorpe","year":"1983","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903130208","article-title":"Thalamoamygdaloid projections in the rat","volume":"313","author":"Turner","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1037\/h0088009","article-title":"Behavioral changes associated with ablation of the amygdaloid complex in monkeys","volume":"49","author":"Weiskrantz","year":"1956","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00411.1998","article-title":"Masked presentations of emotional facial expressions modulate amygdala activity without explicit knowledge","volume":"18","author":"Whalen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0_BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/118.1.15","article-title":"Face processing impairments after amygdalotomy","volume":"118","author":"Young","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Biological Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322398002820?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006322398002820?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T14:45:00Z","timestamp":1757774700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006322398002820"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006322398002820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3223(98)00282-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Fear and the brain: where have we been, and where are we going?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Biological Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0006-3223(98)00282-0","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}