{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T01:45:12Z","timestamp":1774662312904,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,12,1]],"date-time":"2000-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":975628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4610,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biophysical Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3495(00)76519-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,6]],"date-time":"2009-01-06T12:50:00Z","timestamp":1231246200000},"page":"2801-2817","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Engineering Aspects of Enzymatic Signal Transduction: Photoreceptors in the Retina"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Peter B.","family":"Detwiler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharad","family":"Ramanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anirvan","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris I.","family":"Shraiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib1","series-title":"Molecular Biology of the Cell","author":"Alberts","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/16483","article-title":"Robustness in bacterial chemotaxis","volume":"397","author":"Alon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib3","series-title":"Princeton Lectures on Biophysics","article-title":"Could information theory provide an ecological theory of sensory processing?","author":"Atick","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1038\/43199","article-title":"Robustness in simple biochemical networks","volume":"387","author":"Barkai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.2.560","article-title":"How photons start vision","volume":"93","author":"Baylor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010731","article-title":"The electrical response of turtle cones to flashes and steps of light","volume":"242","author":"Baylor","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1990.055.01.052","article-title":"Bacterial microprocessing","volume":"55","author":"Berg","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1985.sp015820","article-title":"Patch clamp recording of the light sensitive dark noise in retinal rods from lizard and frog","volume":"367","author":"Bodoia","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00039170","article-title":"What are the mechanisms of photoreceptor adaptation?","volume":"18","author":"Bownds","year":"1995","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/376307a0","article-title":"Protein molecules as computational elements in living cells","volume":"376","author":"Bray","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/35000601","article-title":"Slowed recovery of rod photoresponse in mice lacking the GTPase accelerating protein RGS9\u20131","volume":"403","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.7.2766","article-title":"Superiority of interconvertible enzyme cascades in metabolic regulation: analysis of multicyclic systems","volume":"74","author":"Chock","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib13","series-title":"Elements of Information Theory.","author":"Cover","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib14","series-title":"The Retina: An Approachable Part of the Brain.","author":"Dowling","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00467a030","article-title":"Guanine nucleotide binding characteristics of transducin: essential role of rhodopsin for rapid exchange of guanine nucleotides","volume":"19","author":"Fawzi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib16","series-title":"Cells, Embryos, and Evolution.","author":"Gerhart","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/385677a0","article-title":"The nose leads the eye","volume":"385","author":"Gold","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4014","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.9.4014","article-title":"Purification and physiological identification of a guanylate cyclase activating protein from retinal rods","volume":"91","author":"Gorczyca","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0679n.x","article-title":"Spatial spread of second messenger signals in rod photoreceptor outer segments","volume":"519","author":"Gray-Keller","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90251-8","article-title":"The Ca feedback signal in the phototransduction cascade of vertebrate rods","volume":"13","author":"Gray-Keller","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80437-7","article-title":"RGS9, a GTPase accelerator for phototransduction","volume":"20","author":"He","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16147","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.27.16147","article-title":"Inhibition of rhodopsin kinase by recoverin\u2014further evidence for negative feedback system in phototransduction","volume":"270","author":"Klenchin","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/334064a0","article-title":"Highly cooperative feedback control of retinal rod guanylate cyclase by calcium ions","volume":"334","author":"Koch","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/376085a0","article-title":"A cyclic nucleotide suppressible conductance activated by transducin in taste cells","volume":"376","author":"Kolesnikov","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(80)90164-4","article-title":"Biochemistry of sensing and adaptation","volume":"5","author":"Koshland","year":"1980","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7089556","article-title":"Amplification and adaptation in regulatory and sensory systems","volume":"217","author":"Koshland","year":"1978","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)89624-X","article-title":"Regulation of sensitivity in vertebrate rod photoreceptors by calcium","volume":"19","author":"Koutalos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1992.sp019111","article-title":"A quantitative account of the activation steps involved in phototransduction in amphibian photoreceptors","volume":"449","author":"Lamb","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1515\/znc-1981-9-1040","article-title":"A simple coding procedure enhances neuron's information capacity","volume":"36c","author":"Laughlin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Z. Naturforsch."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib30","series-title":"Receptors.","author":"Lauffenburger","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.89.2.321","article-title":"Dynamics of turtle cones","volume":"89","author":"Naka","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.111.1.7","article-title":"The kinetics of recovery of dark-adapted salamander rod photoresponse","volume":"111","author":"Nikonov","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Gen. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012633","article-title":"The effects of background illumination on the photoresponses of red and green cones","volume":"286","author":"Normann","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800006441","article-title":"Light-dependent delay in the falling phase of retinal rod photoresponse","volume":"8","author":"Pepperberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib35","series-title":"Genetic Switch: Phage Lambda and Higher Organisms","author":"Ptashne","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90706-K","article-title":"How does the nose know?","volume":"60","author":"Reed","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(96)79448-1","article-title":"Molecular origin of continuous dark noise in rod photoresponses","volume":"71","author":"Rieke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(98)77625-8","article-title":"Origin of reproducibility in the responses of single rods to photons","volume":"75","author":"Rieke","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90252-6","article-title":"A cGMP gate current can control exocytosis at cone synapse","volume":"13","author":"Rieke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021360","article-title":"Asynchronous transmitter release: control of exocytosis and endocytosis at the salamander rod synapse","volume":"493","author":"Rieke","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019691","article-title":"Visual transduction in dialyzed detached rod outer segments from lizard retina","volume":"465","author":"Rispoli","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib42","first-page":"263","article-title":"Visual adaptation and retinal gain controls","volume":"3","author":"Shapley","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1902986","article-title":"Diversity of G-proteins in signal transduction","volume":"252","author":"Simon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.7.2761","volume":"74","author":"Stadtman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10711","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99072-1","article-title":"Visual excitation and recovery","volume":"266","author":"Stryer","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib46","series-title":"Biochemistry","author":"Stryer","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(91)82045-8","article-title":"Light adaptation in turtle cones","volume":"60","author":"Tranchina","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8178157","article-title":"Activity-dependent changes in the intrinsic properties of cultured neurons","volume":"264","author":"Turrigiano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(00)76519-2_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5358.1871","article-title":"Promoter logic","volume":"279","author":"Wray","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"}],"container-title":["Biophysical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006349500765192?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0006349500765192?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,29]],"date-time":"2021-09-29T11:31:42Z","timestamp":1632915102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0006349500765192"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0006349500765192"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3495(00)76519-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-3495"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-3495","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,12]]}}}