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We found that the level of Sir2\u03b1 expression during embryogenesis was high. The highest Sir2\u03b1 mRNA expression was detected as early as embryonic day (E) 4.5. Although the level was down\u2010regulated during embryogenesis, a high level of expression was still found in the late embryonic stage (E18.5). In embryos, Sir2\u03b1 was expressed at high levels in the heart, brain, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia. The expression levels in these organs were high on E10.5\u2013E13.5 and low on E16.5. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed a 60% reduction in Sir2\u03b1 mRNA content in the heart between E12.5 and E14.5. After E14.5, the expression level in the heart remained constant up to 27 months of age. The expression pattern of Sir2\u03b1 protein in embryonic hearts was consistent with that of mRNA. These results suggest new roles of Sir2\u03b1 not only in early embryogenesis but also in cardiogenesis and neurogenesis with a stage\u2010specific manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-5793(03)01444-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,16]],"date-time":"2003-12-16T05:59:24Z","timestamp":1071554364000},"page":"281-286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"title":["Predominant expression of Sir2\u03b1, an NAD\u2010dependent histone deacetylase, in the embryonic mouse heart and brain<sup>1<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"556","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuji","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Shimamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Horio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02214.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.14.9.1021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00064-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(01)00741-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35001622"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.13.19.2570"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35065638"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05660.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1052903"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00829"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.3000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.2000.5080"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(03)00038-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200205057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00524-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(01)00527-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(02)00732-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.1.38-54.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1934713100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)03020-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"Kaufman M.H. and Bard J.B.L. 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