{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,5]],"date-time":"2026-04-05T07:35:50Z","timestamp":1775374550768,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(00)70354-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,28]],"date-time":"2005-10-28T11:22:30Z","timestamp":1130498550000},"page":"1025-1030","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":485,"title":["Genotypic analysis of thiopurine S-methyltransferase in patients with Crohn's disease and severe myelosuppression during azathioprine therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Jean\u2013fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Colombel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Debuysere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Marteau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2013pierre","family":"Gendre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Bonaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-claude","family":"Soul\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Modigliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvan","family":"Touze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Catala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Libersa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Broly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-111-8-641","article-title":"6-Mercaptopurine in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: short-and long-term toxicity","volume":"111","author":"Present","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.8.1081","article-title":"Bone marrow toxicity caused by azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease: 27 years of experience","volume":"34","author":"Connell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib3","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Methylation of mercaptopurine, thioguanine, and their nucleotide metabolites by heterologously expressed human thiopurine S-methyltransferase","volume":"47","author":"Krynetski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib4","first-page":"651","article-title":"Mercaptopurine pharmacogenetics: monogenic inheritance of erythrocyte thiopurine methyltransferase activity","volume":"32","author":"Weinshilboum","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1987.4","article-title":"Thiopurine pharmacogenetics in leukemia: correlation of erythrocyte thiopurine methyltransferase activity and 6-thioguanine nucleotide concentrations","volume":"41","author":"Lennard","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91745-V","article-title":"Genetic variation in response to 6-mercaptopurine for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia","volume":"336","author":"Lennard","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib7","first-page":"199","article-title":"Azathioprine pharmacogenetics: the relationship between 6-thioguanine nucleotides and thiopurine methyltransferase in patients after heart and kidney transplantation","volume":"34","author":"Schutz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.4.949","article-title":"A single point mutation leading to loss of catalytic activity in human thiopurine S-methyltransferase","volume":"92","author":"Krynetski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib9","first-page":"248A","article-title":"Human thiopurine methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: identification of a novel variant allele (abstr)","volume":"44","author":"Otterness","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Invest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(97)90152-1","article-title":"Human thiopurine methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: gene sequence polymorphisms","volume":"62","author":"Otterness","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1004","article-title":"Human thiopurine methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: kindred with a terminal exon splice junction mutation that results in loss of activity","volume":"101","author":"Otterness","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1996.15.17","article-title":"Thiopurine methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: human gene cloning and characterization of a common polymorphism","volume":"15","author":"Szumlanski","year":"1996","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib13","first-page":"694","article-title":"Thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency: two nucleotide transitions define the most prevalent mutant allele associated with loss of catalytic activity in Caucasians","volume":"58","author":"Tai","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-8-199704150-00003","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of thiopurine S-methyltransferase deficiency: genetic basis for azathioprine and mercaptopurine intolerance","volume":"126","author":"Yates","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(1998)12:3<177::AID-HUMU5>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Detection of known and new mutations in the thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene by singlestrand conformation polymorphism analysis","volume":"12","author":"Spire-Vayron de la Moureyre","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib16","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Commonly used techniques in molecular cloning","author":"Maniatis","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0702152","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of the polymorphic thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene (TPMT) in a European population","volume":"125","author":"Spire-Vayron de la Moureyre","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(98)90021-2","article-title":"Isolation of a human thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) complementary DNA with a single nucleotide transition A719G (TPMT*3C) and its association with loss of TPMT protein and catalytic activity in humans","volume":"64","author":"Loennechen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.2.371","article-title":"Polymorphism of the thiopurine S-methyltransferase gene in African-Americans","volume":"8","author":"Hon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/8.2.367","article-title":"Thiopurine S-methyltransferase alleles in British and Ghanians populations","volume":"8","author":"Ameway","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib21","first-page":"A694","article-title":"Azathioprine metabolite levels predict clinical responsiveness to therapy in IBD (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Cuffari","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib22","first-page":"A702","article-title":"Optimizing and individualizing 6-MP therapy in IBD: the role of 6-MP metabolite levels and TPMT genotyping (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Dubinsky","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199606000-00002","article-title":"Should 6-thioguanine nucleotides be monitored in heart transplant recipients given azathioprine?","volume":"18","author":"Schutz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199808150-00010","article-title":"Monitored high-dose azathioprine treatment reduces acute rejection after renal transplantation","volume":"66","author":"Bergan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199205000-00016","article-title":"The importance of thiopurine methyltransferase activity for the use of azathioprine in transplant recipients","volume":"53","author":"Chocair","year":"1992","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1980.174","article-title":"Thiol S-methylation in uremia: erythrocyte enzyme activities and plasma inhibitors","volume":"28","author":"Pazmino","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199810000-00014","article-title":"Clinical implications of thiopurine methyltransferase\u2014optimization of drug dosage and potential drug interactions","volume":"20","author":"Lennard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199510150-00003","article-title":"Monitoring of azathioprine-induced immunosuppression with thiopurine methyltransferase activity in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"60","author":"Mircheva","year":"1995","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.2830070308","article-title":"Mechanisms of thrombocytopenia in varicella","volume":"7","author":"Feusner","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02229883","article-title":"Parvovirus infection causing red cell aplasia and leukopenia in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"13","author":"Kamper","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1159\/000247307","article-title":"Primary infection by human parvovirus B19","volume":"186","author":"Veraldi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00195.x","article-title":"Azathioprine and allopurinol: a potentially dangerous combination","volume":"228","author":"Venkat Raman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1995.tb04478.x","article-title":"Sulphasalazine inhibition of thiopurine methyltransferase: possible mechanism for interaction with 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine","volume":"39","author":"Szumlanski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(97)90125-9","article-title":"Olsalazine and 6-mercaptopurine-related bone marrow suppression: a possible drugdrug interaction","volume":"62","author":"Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1990.tb00245.x","article-title":"Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole-associated blood dyscrasias. Ten years' experience of the Swedish spontaneous reporting system","volume":"228","author":"Keisu","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.5.5_Pt_2.III145","article-title":"Long-term antihypertensive therapy with captopril","volume":"5","author":"Groel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(00)70354-4_bib37","first-page":"202","article-title":"Neutropenia associated with metronidazole therapy (letter)","volume":"123","author":"Smith","year":"1980","journal-title":"CMAJ"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508500703544?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508500703544?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,21]],"date-time":"2019-01-21T12:56:04Z","timestamp":1548075364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508500703544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508500703544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0016-5085(00)70354-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}}}