{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T23:44:59Z","timestamp":1772840699600,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,12,1]],"date-time":"1999-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":944006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(99)70276-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,30]],"date-time":"2005-11-30T14:57:23Z","timestamp":1133362643000},"page":"1271-1277","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":260,"title":["Thalidomide therapy for patients with refractory Crohn's disease: An open-label trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Eli D.","family":"Ehrenpreis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunanda V.","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lawrence B.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell D.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen B.","family":"Hanauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199710093371502","article-title":"A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn's disease","volume":"337","author":"Targan","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199905063401804","article-title":"Infliximab for the treatment of fistulas in patients with Crohn's disease","volume":"340","author":"Present","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.34.12.1705","article-title":"Location of tumour necrosis factor alpha by immunohistochemistry in chronic inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"34","author":"Murch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.4.1137","article-title":"Thalidomide inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by lipopolysaccharide- and lipoarabinomannan-stimulated human microglial cells","volume":"172","author":"Peterson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1995.tb05527.x","article-title":"The immunosuppressive drug thalidomide induces T helper cell type 2 (Th2) and concomitantly inhibits Th1 cytokine production in mitogen- and antigen-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures","volume":"99","author":"McHugh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199611000-00007","article-title":"Effects of thalidomide on HIV-associated wasting syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Reyes-Teran","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/36.3.353","article-title":"Thalidomide in the treatment of the cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus: experience in sixteen consecutive patients","volume":"36","author":"Stevens","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199204163261604","article-title":"Thalidomide for the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease","volume":"326","author":"Vogelsang","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1997.3781274.x","article-title":"Thalidomide therapy of established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) not accompanied by an evident Th2 shift","volume":"108","author":"Hauschild","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(98)70513-4","article-title":"Recalcitrant pyoderma gangrenosum: treatment with thalidomide","volume":"38","author":"Hecker","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1997.00298.x","article-title":"Thalidomide in dermatology. New indications for an old drug","volume":"36","author":"Calderon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199708000-00034","article-title":"Thalidomide in oral Crohn's disease refractory to conventional medical treatment (letter; comment)","volume":"25","author":"Odeka","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)64206-7","article-title":"Thalidomide in Crohn's disease","volume":"350","author":"Wettstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1970114481","article-title":"Thalidomide in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum","volume":"11","author":"Hastings","year":"1970","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199705223362103","article-title":"Thalidomide for the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"336","author":"Jacobson","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198005013021801","article-title":"Treatment of Crohn's disease with 6-mercaptopurine. A long-term, randomized, double-blind study","volume":"302","author":"Present","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.47.5.423","article-title":"Detection of tumour necrosis factor in sarcoidosis and tuberculosis granulomas using in situ hybridization","volume":"47","author":"Myatt","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1997.tb08310.x","article-title":"Thalidomide and derivatives: immunological investigations of tumour necrosis factor\u2013alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibition suggest drugs capable of selective gene regulation","volume":"110","author":"McHugh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib19","first-page":"169","article-title":"Thalidomide for treatment of oral aphthous ulcers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: case report and review","volume":"92","author":"Ball","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1997.13.301","article-title":"A prospective trial of thalidomide for the treatment of HIV-associated idiopathic esophageal ulcers","volume":"13","author":"Alexander","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462961918446","article-title":"Successful treatment of Beh\u00e7et's syndrome in an African female patient with thalidomide","volume":"7","author":"Lewis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.8.1045","article-title":"Cutaneous sarcoidosis successfully treated with low doses of thalidomide (letter)","volume":"134","author":"Rousseau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib23","first-page":"A767","article-title":"Thalidomide-effective therapy in chronic resistant inflammatory bowel disease (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Macumber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib24","first-page":"A475","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of thalidomide for patients with refractory Crohn's disease (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Kane","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib25","first-page":"A837","article-title":"An open-label, stepwise dose-escalating pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerance and efficacy of low-dose thalidomide in the treatment of chronically-active, steroid-dependent Crohn's disease (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Vasiliauskas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib26","first-page":"A843","article-title":"Efficacy of thalidomide in Crohn's disease (abstr)","volume":"116","author":"Wedel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.4.443","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor and Crohn's disease","volume":"40","author":"van Deventer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1990.tb03334.x","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor\u2013alpha and interferon-gamma production measured at the single cell level in normal and inflamed human intestine","volume":"81","author":"MacDonald","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90277-5","article-title":"Treatment of Crohn's disease with anti\u2013tumor necrosis factor chimeric monoclonal antibody (cA2)","volume":"109","author":"Van Dullemen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib30","first-page":"3759","article-title":"A multicenter trial of cA2 anti-TNF chimeric monoclonal antibody in patients with active Crohn's disease (abstr)","volume":"110","author":"McCabe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)80083-9","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of CDP571 antibody to tumour necrosis factor\u2013alpha in Crohn's disease","volume":"349","author":"Stack","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199501000-00008","article-title":"Usual therapy improves perianal Crohn's disease as measured by a new disease activity index","volume":"20","author":"Ir vine","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70276-3_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00192350","article-title":"Thalidomide-induced neuropathy and genetic differences in drug metabolism","volume":"49","author":"Harland","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508599702763?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0016508599702763?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,20]],"date-time":"2019-01-20T11:21:13Z","timestamp":1547983273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0016508599702763"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0016508599702763"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0016-5085(99)70276-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-5085"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-5085","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,12]]}}}