{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T16:34:08Z","timestamp":1756571648550},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Information Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-0255(02)00170-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,14]],"date-time":"2002-10-14T17:55:05Z","timestamp":1034618105000},"page":"193-217","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Incremental class learning approach and its application to handwritten digit recognition"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Jacek","family":"Ma\u0144dziuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lokendra","family":"Shastri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB1","series-title":"The Psychology of Learning and Motivation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(08)60536-8","article-title":"Catastrophic interference in connectionist networks: the sequential learning problem","author":"McCloskey","year":"1989"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB2","unstructured":"J.L. McClelland, B.L. McNaughton, R.C. O'Reilly, Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory, Technical Report: PDP.CNS.94.1, 1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB3","series-title":"Proc. of the ICANN'94, Sorrento, Italy","first-page":"589","article-title":"Catastrophic interference in learning process by neural networks","author":"Pessa","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/S0734-189X(87)80014-2","article-title":"A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neural pattern recognition machine","volume":"37","author":"Carpenter","year":"1987","journal-title":"Computer Vision Graphics and Image Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB5","unstructured":"L. Shastri, Attribution learning as a solution to the catastrophic interference problem in learning with neural nets, Working Paper, International Computer Science Institute, 1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB6","first-page":"524","article-title":"The cascade-correlation learning architecture","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Fahlman","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1990.2.2.198","article-title":"The upstart algorithm: a method for constructing and training feedforward neural networks","volume":"2","author":"Frean","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB8","first-page":"215","article-title":"Consonant recognition by modular construction of large phonemic time-delay neural networks","volume":"vol. 1","author":"Waibel","year":"1989"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1080\/09540099550039237","article-title":"Recognizing handwritten digit strings using modular spatio-temporal connectionist networks","volume":"7","author":"Shastri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Connection Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1109\/10.846688","article-title":"Staging of cervical cancer using soft computing","volume":"47","author":"Mitra","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog0901_5","article-title":"Feature discovery by competitive learning","volume":"9","author":"Rumelhart","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00337288","article-title":"Self-organized formation of topologically correct feature maps","volume":"43","author":"Kohonen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Biological Cybernetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Thrun, T.M. Mitchell, Learning one more thing, Technical Report: CMU-CS-94-184, 1994","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA285342"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB14","series-title":"Explanation Based Neural Network Learning. A Lifelong Learning Approach","author":"Thrun","year":"1996"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1109\/34.824821","article-title":"On-line and off-line handwriting recognition: a comprehensive survey","volume":"22","author":"Plamondon","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1109\/21.155943","article-title":"Methods for combining multiple classifiers and their applications in handwritten character recognition","volume":"22","author":"Xu","year":"1992","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1109\/34.824819","article-title":"Statistical pattern recognition: a review","volume":"22","author":"Jain","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB18","series-title":"Digital Document Processing","author":"Hou","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB19","first-page":"396","article-title":"Handwritten digit recognition with a back-propagation network","volume":"vol. 2","author":"Le Cun","year":"1990"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1109\/72.165597","article-title":"Handwritten digit recognition by neural networks with single-layer training","volume":"3","author":"Knerr","year":"1992","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-0255(02)00170-6_BIB21","series-title":"Beyond Names for Things: Young Children's Acquisition of Verbs","year":"1995"}],"container-title":["Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020025502001706?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020025502001706?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T07:43:37Z","timestamp":1578469417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020025502001706"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3-4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020025502001706"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-0255(02)00170-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-0255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-0255","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}}}