{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,27]],"date-time":"2025-05-27T09:30:25Z","timestamp":1748338225287},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1988,6,1]],"date-time":"1988-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":581126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0020-7373(88)80062-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,14]],"date-time":"2008-08-14T08:40:20Z","timestamp":1218703220000},"page":"583-604","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Talking to computers: an empirical investigation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Alexander G.","family":"Hauptmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander I.","family":"Rudnicky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The Carnegie-Mellon University distributed speech recognition system","volume":"3","author":"Adams","year":"1986","journal-title":"Speech Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80055-8","article-title":"Composition and Editing of spoken letters","volume":"19","author":"Allen","year":"1983","journal-title":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.2307\/414678","article-title":"Spoken and written textual dimensions in english: resolving the contradictory findings","volume":"62","author":"Biber","year":"1986","journal-title":"Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib4","series-title":"Doctoral dissertation","article-title":"The design and evaluation of on-line help systems","author":"Borenstein","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib5","series-title":"Man-Computer Interaction: Human Factors Aspects of Computers and People","first-page":"65","article-title":"Interactive human communication: some lessons learned from laboratory experiments","author":"Chapanis","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib6","series-title":"Trends in Speech Recognition","first-page":"340","article-title":"The hearsay-II speech understanding system: a tutorial","author":"Erman","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1980.12062953","article-title":"The effect of self-imposed brevity on the structure of dyadic communication","volume":"104","author":"Ford","year":"1980","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.4.4.648","article-title":"How experts dictate","volume":"4","author":"Gould","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib9","series-title":"Symposium on Cognition: Cognitive Processes in Writing, Carnegie-Mellon University","first-page":"97","article-title":"Experiments on composing letters: some facts, some myths, some observations","author":"Gould","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1145\/2163.358100","article-title":"Composing letters with a simulated listening typewriter","volume":"26","author":"Gould","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib11","series-title":"Technical Note No. 151","article-title":"The representation and use of focus in dialogue understanding","author":"Grosz","year":"1977"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/01449298308914473","article-title":"Comparing command, menu and natural language computer systems","volume":"2","author":"Hauptmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"Behaviour and Information Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib13","series-title":"Proceedings of CO LING-86","article-title":"Parsing spoken language: a semantic caseframe approach","author":"Hayes","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib14","first-page":"232","article-title":"Flexible parsing","volume":"7","author":"Hayes","year":"1981","journal-title":"American Journal of Computational Linguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(83)80049-2","article-title":"Steps toward graceful interaction in spoken and written man-machine communication","volume":"19","author":"Hayes","year":"1983","journal-title":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib16","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2\\st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","first-page":"123","article-title":"Deterministic parsing of syntactic non-fluencies","author":"Hindle","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1983.tb03517.x","article-title":"Toward Bell System applications of automatic speech recognition","volume":"62","author":"Holmgren","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bell System Technical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(84)80057-7","article-title":"An empirical investigation of voice as an input modality for computer programming","volume":"21","author":"Leggett","year":"1984","journal-title":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib19","series-title":"Doctoral dissertation","article-title":"The HARPY speech recognition system","author":"Lowerre","year":"1976"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(84)80038-3","article-title":"Speech controlled text-editing: effects of input modality and of command structure","volume":"21","author":"Morrison","year":"1984","journal-title":"International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib21","series-title":"Fundamentals of Experimental Design","author":"Myers","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib22","first-page":"50","article-title":"Human factors analysis of speech recognition systems","volume":"1","author":"Nye","year":"1982","journal-title":"Speech Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib23","first-page":"36","article-title":"Voice recognition boosts command terminal throughput","volume":"1","author":"Poock","year":"1982","journal-title":"Speech Technology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1980.51.2.506","article-title":"Effect of operators task load on performance of a voice recognition system","volume":"51","author":"Poock","year":"1980","journal-title":"Perceptual and Motor Skills"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib25","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing","first-page":"380","article-title":"Sentence parsing with weak grammatical constraints","author":"Stern","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(88)80062-2_bib26","series-title":"Speech Understanding Systems-Final Technical Report","author":"Woods","year":"1976"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Man-Machine Studies"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020737388800622?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020737388800622?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,7]],"date-time":"2020-05-07T18:14:20Z","timestamp":1588875260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020737388800622"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0020737388800622"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-7373(88)80062-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-7373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-7373","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,6]]}}}