{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T17:10:14Z","timestamp":1760202614876},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1974,6,1]],"date-time":"1974-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":139276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,17]],"date-time":"2013-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14291,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Computer and System Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-0000(74)80031-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]],"date-time":"2010-11-10T04:46:40Z","timestamp":1289364400000},"page":"409-439","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["A generalized approach to formal languages"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"T.S.E.","family":"Maibaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. V. Aho, Indexed grammars\u2014An extension of context free grammars, Assoc. Comput. Mach. 15, No. 4.","DOI":"10.1145\/321479.321488"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. V. Aho, Nested stack automata, Assoc. Comput. Mach. 16, No. 3.","DOI":"10.1145\/321526.321529"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9800(70)80014-X","article-title":"Heterogenous algebras","volume":"8","author":"Birkhoff","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Combinatorial Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(69)90065-5","article-title":"Tree generating regular systems","volume":"14","author":"Brainerd","year":"1969","journal-title":"Information and Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib5","series-title":"Universal algebra","author":"Cohn","year":"1965"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(70)80041-1","article-title":"Tree acceptors and some of their applications","volume":"4","author":"Doner","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Comp. System Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(67)90670-5","article-title":"Automata in general algebras","volume":"11","author":"Eilenberg","year":"1967","journal-title":"Information and Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib8","article-title":"Grammars with Macrolike productions","author":"Fischer","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G. Gr\u00e4tzer, Free \u03a3-structures, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 135, 517\u2013542.","DOI":"10.1090\/S0002-9947-1969-0232724-0"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib10","author":"Gr\u00e4tzer","year":"1968"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib11","author":"Gross","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Hall, Some word problems, J. London Math. Soc. 33, 482\u2013496.","DOI":"10.1112\/jlms\/s1-33.4.482"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. J. Higgins, Algebras with a scheme of operators, Math. Nachr. 27.","DOI":"10.1002\/mana.19630270108"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib14","author":"Hopcroft","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib15","series-title":"Proc. 13th Annual Symp. on Switching and Automata Theory","first-page":"224","article-title":"The characterization of the derivation Trees of context free sets of terms as regular sets","author":"Maibaum","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib16","article-title":"Generalized Algol-like Languages","author":"Mezei","year":"1965","journal-title":"IBM Research Paper RE1528"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. C. Rounds, Mappings and grammars on trees, Math. Syst. Theor. 4, No. 3.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01695769"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib18","series-title":"Proc. ACM Symp. on Theory of Computing","article-title":"Tree oriented proofs of some theorems on context free and indexed languages","author":"Rounds","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(70)80017-4","article-title":"Generalized2 Sequential Machines","volume":"4","author":"Thatcher","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Comput. Syst. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib20","unstructured":"J. W. Thatcher, Private communication, 1972."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. W. Thatcher and J. B. Wright, Generalized finite automata theory with an application to a decision problem of second-order logic, Math. Syst. Theor. 2, No. 1.","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691346"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-0000(74)80031-0_bib22","author":"Turner","year":"1973"}],"container-title":["Journal of Computer and System Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022000074800310?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022000074800310?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T01:11:53Z","timestamp":1559783513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022000074800310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,6]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022000074800310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-0000(74)80031-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0000","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,6]]}}}