{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T17:03:43Z","timestamp":1775581423813,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Molecular Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-2836(02)01222-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,27]],"date-time":"2002-12-27T18:04:53Z","timestamp":1041012293000},"page":"337-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["Analysis of the Antigen Combining Site: Correlations Between Length and Sequence Composition of the Hypervariable Loops and the Nature of the Antigen"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"325","author":[{"given":"Abigail V.J","family":"Collis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adam P","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew C.R","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(87)90412-8","article-title":"Canonical structures for the hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins","volume":"196","author":"Chothia","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/332323a0","article-title":"Reshaping human antibodies for therapy","volume":"332","author":"Riechmann","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature (London)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.132.2.211","article-title":"An analysis of the sequences of the variable regions of Bence Jones proteins and myeloma light, chains and their implications for antibody complementarity","volume":"132","author":"Wu","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.59.070190.002255","article-title":"Antibody\u2013antigen complexes","volume":"59","author":"Davies","year":"1990","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033583500000135","article-title":"The structural basis for the specificity of antibody\u2013antigen reactions and structural mechanisms for the diversification of antigen binding specificities","volume":"10","author":"Padlan","year":"1977","journal-title":"Quart. Rev. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.9.1.7821765","article-title":"Structural features of the reactions between antibodies and protein antigens","volume":"9","author":"Braden","year":"1995","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-440X(93)90210-C","article-title":"Antibody\u2013antigen interactions","volume":"3","author":"Wilson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.16.060187.001035","article-title":"The structural basis of antigen\u2013antibody recognition","author":"Mariuzza","year":"1987","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0548","article-title":"Antibody\u2013antigen interactions: contact analysis and binding site topography","volume":"262","author":"MacCallum","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(92)90487-5","article-title":"The interdependence of protein surface topography and bound water molecules revealed by surface accessibility and fractal density measures","volume":"228","author":"Kuhn","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02202116","article-title":"Antibody\u2013antigen recognition: a canonical structure paradigm","volume":"43","author":"Lara-Ochoa","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0633","article-title":"Canonical structure repertoire of the antigen-binding site of immunoglobulins suggests strong geometrical restrictions associated to the mechanism of immune recognition","volume":"254","author":"Vargas-Madrazo","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00174045","article-title":"Distributions of the use frequencies of amino acids in the hypervariable regions of immunoglobulins","volume":"41","author":"Lara-Ochoa","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.340160102","article-title":"Length distribution of CDRH3 in antibodies","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proteins: Struct. Funct. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB15","series-title":"Antibody Engineering","first-page":"65","article-title":"Phage-display libraries of murine antibody Fab fragments","author":"Engberg","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.002245","article-title":"Making antibodies by phage display technology","volume":"12","author":"Winter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1999.3444","article-title":"Fully synthetic human combinatorial antibody libraries (HuCAL) based on modular consensus frameworks and CDRs randomized with trinucleotides","volume":"296","author":"Knappik","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0994-899","article-title":"Guiding the selection of human antibodies from phage display repertoires to a single epitope of an antigen","volume":"12","author":"Jespers","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/12.5.407","article-title":"Changes in the specificity of antibodies by site-specific mutagenesis followed by random mutagenesis","volume":"12","author":"Miyazaki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(97)00260-8","article-title":"CATH\u2014a hierarchic classification of protein domain structures","volume":"5","author":"Orengo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.360221211","article-title":"Dictionary of protein secondary structure","volume":"22","author":"Kabsch","year":"1983","journal-title":"Biopolymers"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.235","article-title":"The Protein Data Bank","volume":"28","author":"Berman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(77)80200-3","article-title":"The protein data bank: a computer-based archival file for macromolecular structures","volume":"112","author":"Bernstein","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/8.11.1093","article-title":"Long loops in proteins","volume":"8","author":"Martin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0617","article-title":"Structural families of loops in homologous proteins: automatic classification, modelling and application to antibodies","volume":"263","author":"Martin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB26","series-title":"ASA Proceedings of the 1991 American Statistical Association Meetings","article-title":"XGobi: interactive dynamic graphics in the X window system with a link to S","author":"Swayne","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03641.x","article-title":"Nucleotide sequences of five anti-lysozyme monoclonal antibodies","volume":"4","author":"Darsley","year":"1985","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/9872","article-title":"Improving antibody affinity by mimicking somatic hypermutation in vitro","volume":"17","author":"Chowdhury","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature: Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.030527597","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the effect of the mutation frequency on the affinity maturation of single chain Fv antibodies","volume":"97","author":"Daugherty","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339500400401","article-title":"Structure-function relation of anti-DNA antibodies","volume":"4","author":"Kalsi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0134(199605)25:1<130::AID-PROT11>3.3.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Accessing the Kabat antibody sequence database by computer","volume":"25","author":"Martin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proteins: Struct. Funct. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1613","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.5.1613","article-title":"Functional analogues of the VKOx1 gene in different strains of mice: Evolutionary conservation but diversity based on V\u2013J joining","volume":"138","author":"Kaartinen","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1989.tb03567.x","article-title":"\u201cAllelic\u201d forms of immunoglobulin V genes in different strains of mice","volume":"8","author":"Kaartinen","year":"1989","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0636","article-title":"Sequence and evolution of the human germline V-repertoire","volume":"264","author":"Williams","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38249-2","article-title":"The preliminary refinement and structural analysis of the Fab fragment from human immunoglobulin New at 2.0\u00c5 resolution","volume":"253","author":"Saul","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36687","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102367200","article-title":"Crystal structure of a recombinant anti-estradiol Fab fragment in complex with 17-\u03b2-estradiol","volume":"276","author":"Lamminmaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)01222-6_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1996.0051","article-title":"Crystal structure of an anti-anti-idiotype shows it to be self-complementary","volume":"225","author":"Ban","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022283602012226?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022283602012226?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]],"date-time":"2024-01-08T14:38:09Z","timestamp":1704724689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022283602012226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022283602012226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-2836(02)01222-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2836"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2836","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}