{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T13:31:57Z","timestamp":1774877517402,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,4,1]],"date-time":"1998-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":891388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0031-3203(97)00056-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,4]],"date-time":"2003-04-04T21:45:35Z","timestamp":1049492735000},"page":"345-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Classifier design with incomplete knowledge"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Russell","family":"Muzzolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yee-Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Pierson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1109\/34.481538","article-title":"The multiscale classifier","volume":"18","author":"Lovell","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(95)00067-4","article-title":"A comparative study of texture measures with classification based on feature distributions","volume":"29","author":"Ojala","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(95)00078-X","article-title":"Scale-invariant image recognition based on higher-order autocorrelation features","author":"Kreutz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition 29"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1109\/34.236251","article-title":"Constrained clustering as an optimization method","volume":"15","author":"Rose","year":"1993","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB5","series-title":"Pattern Recognition: A Statistical Approach","author":"Devijver","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB6","author":"Fu","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB7","series-title":"Introduction to Statistical Pattern Recognition","author":"Fukunaga","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB8","series-title":"Classification Algorithms","author":"James","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA608372","article-title":"A theory of pattern rejection","author":"Baker","year":"1995"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(94)90145-7","article-title":"Comparative analysis of statistical pattern recognition methods in high dimensional settings","volume":"27","author":"Aeberhard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(94)90071-X","article-title":"Some further results of three stage ml classification applied to remotely sensed images","volume":"27","author":"Venkateswarlu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB12","article-title":"Segmentation of ultrasound images using texture discrimination","author":"Muzzolini","year":"1991"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(94)90022-1","article-title":"Texture characterization using robust statistics","volume":"27","author":"Muzzolini","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB14","article-title":"Multidimensional texture characterization","author":"Muzzolini","year":"1994"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(93)90097-G","article-title":"A statistical decision rule with incomplete knowledge about classes","volume":"26","author":"Dubuisson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1970.1054406","article-title":"An optimum recognition error and reject tradeoff","volume":"IT-16","author":"Chow","year":"1970","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB17","unstructured":"T. Rauber, M. Barata, A. Steiger-Garcao, A toolbox for analysis and visualization of sensor data in supervision. Technical Report, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Deparamento de Informatica, Intelligent Robotics Group, 2825 Monte de Caparica, Portugal"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1109\/42.414619","article-title":"Feature selection in the pattern classification problem digital chest radiograph segmentation","volume":"14","author":"Gray","year":"1995","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1109\/34.192466","article-title":"Multiresolution feature extraction and selection for texture segmentation","volume":"11","author":"Unser","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB20","article-title":"Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing","author":"Press","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB21","article-title":"Deliverable r3-b4-p task b4: Benchmarks","author":"Blayo","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB22","series-title":"Robust Regression and Outlier Detection","author":"Rousseeuw","year":"1987"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(84)90065-7","article-title":"Average classification accuracy over collections of gaussian problems \u2014 common covariance matrix case","volume":"17","author":"Wacker","year":"1984","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1109\/34.31448","article-title":"Effects of sample size in classifier design","volume":"11","author":"Fukunaga","year":"1989","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(91)90016-F","article-title":"Textural analysis of range images","volume":"12","author":"Arya","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1109\/42.222674","article-title":"Multiresolution texture segmentation with application to diagnostic ultrasound images","volume":"12","author":"Muzzolini","year":"1993","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB27","article-title":"Tooldiag \u2014 a pattern recognition toolbox","author":"Rauber","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB28","article-title":"A Volumetric approach to segmentation and texture characterisation of ultrasound images","author":"Muzzolini","year":"1996"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1973.4309314","article-title":"Textural features for images classification","volume":"SMC-3","author":"Haralick","year":"1973","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. on Systems Man and Cybern."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/1049-9652(91)90007-7","article-title":"An improved method for computing gray-level cooccurrence based texture measures","volume":"53","author":"Peckinpaugh","year":"1991","journal-title":"CVGIP: Graphical Models Image Process."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0734-189X(05)80063-5","article-title":"Texture descriptors based on co-occurrence matrices","volume":"51","author":"Gotlieb","year":"1990","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Graphics and Image Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(95)00082-8","article-title":"Bscan image segmentation by thresholding using cooccurrence matrix analysis","volume":"29","author":"Corneloup","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(97)00056-3_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(92)90036-I","article-title":"Performance evaluation for four classes of textural features","volume":"25","author":"Ohanian","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition."}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320397000563?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320397000563?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T13:26:01Z","timestamp":1556371561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031320397000563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031320397000563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0031-3203(97)00056-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,4]]}}}