{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T06:00:36Z","timestamp":1784872836854,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]],"date-time":"2000-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":959817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0031-3203(99)00160-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T11:01:39Z","timestamp":1027594899000},"page":"997-1012","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":112,"title":["Image sharpening by morphological filtering"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"J.G.M.","family":"Schavemaker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.J.T.","family":"Reinders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.J.","family":"Gerbrands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Backer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(75)90013-8","article-title":"Iterations of a non-linear transformation for enhancement of digital images","volume":"7","author":"Kramer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1137\/0727053","article-title":"Feature-oriented image enhancement using shock filters","volume":"27","author":"Osher","year":"1990","journal-title":"SIAM J. Numer. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB3","series-title":"Picture Processing by Computer","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"1969"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(70)90007-5","article-title":"Wirephoto quality improved by unsharp masking","volume":"2","author":"Schreiber","year":"1970","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/0734-189X(84)90106-3","article-title":"Image enhancement using the median and the interquartile distance","volume":"25","author":"Scollar","year":"1984","journal-title":"Comput. Vision, Graphics Image Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB6","series-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1992"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1684(88)90015-1","article-title":"Low-level image processing by max-min filters","volume":"15","author":"Verbeek","year":"1988","journal-title":"Signal Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-664X(80)90114-8","article-title":"Local transforms for biomedical image analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lester","year":"1980","journal-title":"Comput. Graphics Image Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB9","unstructured":"J.E. den Hartog, A framework for knowledge-based map interpretation, Ph.D. Thesis, Delft University of Technology, September 1995."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB10","unstructured":"J.G.M. Schavemaker, Document interpretation applied to public-utility maps, Ph.D. Thesis, Delft University of Technology, June 1999."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB11","series-title":"Image Analysis and Mathematical Morphology","author":"Serra","year":"1982"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB12","unstructured":"R. van den Boomgaard, Mathematical morphology: extensions towards computer vision, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Amsterdam, March 1992."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/27.1.438499","article-title":"Iterative image transformations for an automatic screening of cervical smears","volume":"27","author":"Meyer","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Histochem. Cytochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB14","series-title":"Mathematical Morphology and its Applications to Image Processing","first-page":"341","article-title":"Image processing","author":"La\u00ff","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB15","series-title":"Mathematical Morphology and its Applications to Image and Signal Processing","first-page":"147","article-title":"Quadratic structuring functions in mathematical morphology","author":"van den Boomgaard","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1684(94)90058-2","article-title":"Morphological signal processing and the slope transform","volume":"38","author":"Dorst","year":"1994","journal-title":"Signal Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB17","series-title":"Mathematical Morphology and its Applications to Image Processing","first-page":"161","article-title":"Two dual representations of morphology based on the parallel normal transport property","author":"Dorst","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB18","unstructured":"P. Maragos, Max-min difference equations and recursive morphological systems, in: J. Serra, P. Salembier (Eds.), Mathematical Morphology and its Applications to Signal Processing, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, May 1993, pp. 128\u2013133."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1984.4767475","article-title":"Digital step edges from zero crossings of second directional derivatives","volume":"6","author":"Haralich","year":"1984","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB20","series-title":"Image Structure","author":"Florack","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0031-3203(99)00160-0_BIB21","unstructured":"J.G.M. Schavemaker, Image segmentation in morphological scale-space, Master's thesis, University of Amsterdam, September 1994."}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320399001600?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031320399001600?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T13:50:30Z","timestamp":1556373030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031320399001600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031320399001600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0031-3203(99)00160-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3203","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,6]]}}}