{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:26:44Z","timestamp":1759332404087,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers & Graphics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0097-8493(02)00058-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,14]],"date-time":"2002-10-14T10:29:16Z","timestamp":1034591356000},"page":"309-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Towards sketch-based exploration of terrain"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"P.-L.","family":"Lesage","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Visvalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB1","unstructured":"Visvalingam M. Art in scientific visualization of terrain data [Online]. University of Hull, 1999. Available: http:\/\/www2.dcs.hull.ac.uk\/CISRG\/ [Accessed 30\/07\/00]."},{"year":"1964","series-title":"Perception","author":"Hochberg","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB2"},{"year":"1968","series-title":"Optical illusions and the visual arts","author":"Thurston","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB3"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB4","unstructured":"Northrup JD, Markosian L. Artistic silhouettes: a hybrid approach. Proceedings of the Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering, June 5\u20137, 2000. Annecy, France [Online]. http:\/\/www.cs.brown.edu\/research\/graphics\/research\/pub\/papers\/sil-300dpi.pdf [Accessed 30\/07\/00]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB5","unstructured":"Dowson K. Towards extracting artistic sketches and maps from digital elevation models. Ph.D. thesis, University of Hull, 1994."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(98)00037-5","article-title":"Algorithms for sketching surfaces","volume":"22","author":"Visvalingam","year":"1998","journal-title":"Computers and Graphics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4485(90)90070-S","article-title":"Trends and concerns in digital cartography","volume":"22","author":"Visvalingam","year":"1990","journal-title":"Computer Aided Design"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB8","unstructured":"Fairclough MP. Planetside website [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www.planetside.co.uk\/terragen\/images.shtml [Accessed 15\/09\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB9","unstructured":"Wooley, K. Geomantics [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www.geomantics.com\/gallery.html [Accessed 30\/10\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB10","unstructured":"Lesage P-L. Towards real time sketch-based exploration of terrain: an investigation of image processing operators. M.Sc. thesis, University of Hull, 1999 [Chapter 4]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB11","unstructured":"Lesage P-L. Towards real time sketch-based exploration of terrain: an investigation of image processing operators [Online]. University of Hull, 1999. Available: http:\/\/www2.dcs.hull.ac.uk\/CISRG\/people\/lesage\/ [Accessed 16\/10\/99]."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1109\/38.814569","article-title":"Getting there","volume":"20","author":"Foley","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications"},{"year":"1924","series-title":"Block diagrams and other graphic methods used in geology and geography","author":"Lobeck","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB13"},{"year":"1982","series-title":"Cartographic relief presentation","author":"Imhof","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB14"},{"year":"1995","series-title":"Elements of cartography","author":"Robinson","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB15"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB16","first-page":"214","article-title":"The orthographical relief method of representing hill features on a topographical map","volume":"79","author":"Tanaka","year":"1932","journal-title":"Geographical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.2307\/211862","article-title":"A new method of terrain representation","volume":"47","author":"Robinson","year":"1957","journal-title":"Geographical Review"},{"year":"1969","series-title":"Maps and air photographs","author":"Dickinson","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB18"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1179\/caj.1993.30.1.46","article-title":"Line generalisation by repeated elimination of points","volume":"30","author":"Visvalingam","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cartographic Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB20","unstructured":"Visvalingam M, Whelan JC. Occluding contours within artistic sketches of surfaces. Proceedings of Eurographics UK\u2019 98, p. 281\u20139."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00013407","article-title":"Cognitive evaluation of computer-drawn sketches","volume":"17","author":"Visvalingam","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Visual Computer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-664X(72)80017-0","article-title":"An iterative procedure for polygonal approximation of planar closed curves","volume":"1","author":"Ramer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Computer Graphics and Image Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB23","first-page":"112","article-title":"Algorithms for the reduction of the number of points required to represent a digital line or its caricature","volume":"10","author":"Douglas","year":"1973","journal-title":"Canadian Cartographer"},{"year":"1951","series-title":"How to lie with statistics","author":"Moroney","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB24"},{"year":"1991","series-title":"How to lie with maps","author":"Monmonier","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB25"},{"year":"1982","series-title":"Vision","author":"Marr","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB26"},{"year":"1996","series-title":"Visual perception","author":"Bruce","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB27"},{"year":"1988","series-title":"Visual processing","author":"Watt","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB28"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1145\/97880.97901","article-title":"Comprehensible rendering of 3D shapes","volume":"24","author":"Saito","year":"1990","journal-title":"Computer Graphics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB30","unstructured":"Whelan JC. Artistic sketching of terrain. Unpublished Final Year Project. Report in Computer Science and Information Engineering 1996\/97. Department of Computer Science, University of Hull, 1997."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB31","unstructured":"Macaire G. Beyond linear perspective through the deformation of 3D objects. M.Sc. thesis. University of Hull, 1996."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB32","unstructured":"Chang G. Curvature-based pen and ink drawings from 3-D polygonal objects, CS790\u2014Master of Engineering Project [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www.tc.cornell.edu\/Visualization\/contrib\/cs490-97to98\/glenchang\/index.htm [Accessed 16\/06\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1985.13202","article-title":"Visual communication at very low data rates","volume":"73","author":"Pearson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(85)90138-5","article-title":"A theory of the primitive spatial code in human vision","volume":"25","author":"Watt","year":"1985","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"year":"1989","series-title":"Fundamentals of three dimensional computer graphics","author":"Watt","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB35"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB36","unstructured":"Cequadrat. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/www.cequadrat.com. PixelShrink 3.0."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB37","unstructured":"Bock, R K. Available: Data analysis briefbook [Online]. Version 16. Available: http:\/\/ikpel1101.ikp.kfa-juelich.de\/briefbook_data_analysis\/AN16pp.html [Accessed 16\/06\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB38","unstructured":"Owens, R. Computer vision [Online]. http:\/\/www.dai.ed.ac.uk\/Cvonline\/LOCAL_COPIES\/OWENS\/ [Accessed 10\/6\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB39","unstructured":"Fisher, R, Perkins, S, Walker, A and Wolfart, E. Hypermedia image processing reference [Online]. http:\/\/image.korea.ac.kr\/HIPR\/HTML\/hipr_top.htm [Accessed 16\/06\/99]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB40","unstructured":"Ruzon, M A. Early vision using distributions [Online]. Available: http:\/\/robotics.standford.edu\/\u223cruzon\/compass [Accessed 26\/05\/99]."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1986.4767851","article-title":"A computational approach to edge detection","volume":"8","author":"Canny","year":"1986","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB42","first-page":"87","article-title":"Theory of edge detection","volume":"B207","author":"Marr","year":"1980","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3138\/L426-1756-7052-536K","article-title":"Geographic logic in line generalisation","volume":"26","author":"Jenks","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cartographica"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(98)00123-X","article-title":"The deconstruction of teragons into decogons","volume":"23","author":"Visvalingam","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers and Graphics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fowler RJ, Little JJ. Automatic extraction of Irregular network digital terrain models. Computer Graphics: A Quarterly Report of SIGGRAPH-ACM, vol. 13, no. 3, 1979. p. 199\u2013207.","DOI":"10.1145\/965103.807444"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3138\/3535-7609-781G-4L20","article-title":"Automated line generalisation","volume":"24","author":"McMaster","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cartographica"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1109\/34.601253","article-title":"Techniques for assessing polygonal approximation\/s of curves","volume":"19","author":"Rosin","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB48","first-page":"229","article-title":"A review and framework of automated map generalisation","volume":"2","author":"Brassel","year":"1988","journal-title":"International Journal of GIS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.1990.tb00398.x","article-title":"The Douglas\u2013Peucker algorithm for line generalisaion","volume":"9","author":"Visvalingam","year":"1990","journal-title":"Computer Graphics Forum"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB50","unstructured":"Visvalingam M. Sketch-based evaluation of line filtering algorithms. [Online]. 2000. Available: http:\/\/www2.dcs.hull.ac.uk\/CISRG\/projects\/GIScience%202000\/index.html [Accessed 10\/10\/00]."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4_BIB51","series-title":"Vision: coding and efficiency","article-title":"Feature detection in biological and artificial visual systems","author":"Burr","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["Computers & Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0097849302000584?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0097849302000584?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T17:18:56Z","timestamp":1758820736000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0097849302000584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0097849302000584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0097-8493(02)00058-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0097-8493"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0097-8493"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Towards sketch-based exploration of terrain","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Graphics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0097-8493(02)00058-4","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}