{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T11:39:09Z","timestamp":1771069149920,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9493","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,1]],"date-time":"2005-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1128124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Lancet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67531-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T10:44:29Z","timestamp":1131360269000},"page":"1315-1323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":338,"title":["What makes a good genetic association study?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"366","author":[{"given":"Andrew T","family":"Hattersley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mark I","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5281.1516","article-title":"The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases","volume":"273","author":"Risch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1071","article-title":"Meta-analysis of genetic association studies supports a contribution of common variants to susceptibility to common disease","volume":"33","author":"Lohmueller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12516-0","article-title":"Genetic associations in large versus small studies: an empirical assessment","volume":"361","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/ng749","article-title":"Replication validity of genetic association studies","volume":"29","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/00125817-200203000-00002","article-title":"A comprehensive review of genetic association studies","volume":"4","author":"Hirschhorn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg1270","article-title":"The complex interplay among factors that influence allelic association","volume":"5","author":"Zondervan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12715-8","article-title":"Problems of reporting genetic associations with complex outcomes","volume":"361","author":"Colhoun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a000179","article-title":"Reporting, appraising, and integrating data on genotype prevalence and gene-disease associations","volume":"156","author":"Little","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67424-7","article-title":"Genetic association studies","volume":"366","author":"Cordell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12520-2","article-title":"Population stratification and spurious allelic association","volume":"361","author":"Cardon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1086\/324069","article-title":"Genomewide scans of complex human diseases: true linkage is hard to find","volume":"69","author":"Altmuller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/79216","article-title":"The common PPARg Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Altshuler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/369064a0","article-title":"Mutation in blood coagulation factor V associated with resistance to activated protein C","volume":"369","author":"Bertina","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1038\/35079107","article-title":"Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease","volume":"411","author":"Hugot","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8346443","article-title":"Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families","volume":"261","author":"Corder","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000017120","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E genetic variation and Alzheimer's disease. a meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Rubinsztein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00087-5","article-title":"Meta-analysis of COL1A1 Sp1 polymorphism in relation to bone mineral density and osteoporotic fracture","volume":"32","author":"Mann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10347","article-title":"A COL1A1 Sp1 binding site polymorphism predisposes to osteoporotic fracture by affecting bone density and quality","volume":"107","author":"Mann","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1086\/431426","article-title":"Strong association of the Y402H variant in complement factor H at 1q32 with susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration","volume":"77","author":"Zareparsi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7227","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501536102","article-title":"A common haplotype in the complement regulatory gene factor H (HF1\/CFH) predisposes individuals to age-related macular degeneration","volume":"102","author":"Hageman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110359","article-title":"Complement factor H variant increases the risk of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"308","author":"Haines","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1109557","article-title":"Complement factor H polymorphism in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"308","author":"Klein","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1110189","article-title":"Complement factor H polymorphism and age-related macular degeneration","volume":"308","author":"Edwards","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.2.568","article-title":"Large-scale association studies of variants in genes encoding the pancreatic beta-cell KATP channel subunits Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) and SUR1 (ABCC8) confirm that the KCNJ11 E23K variant is associated with type 2 diabetes","volume":"52","author":"Gloyn","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01621","article-title":"Association of the T-cell regulatory gene CTLA4 with susceptibility to autoimmune disease","volume":"423","author":"Ueda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/6.8.1275","article-title":"Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups","volume":"6","author":"Marron","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0310021","article-title":"CTLA-4 and its role in autoimmune thyroid disease","volume":"31","author":"Chistiakov","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.30.1.343","article-title":"Human type 1 diabetes and the insulin gene: principles of mapping polygenes","volume":"30","author":"Bennett","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf018","article-title":"Pooled analysis and meta-analysis of glutathione S-transferase M1 and bladder cancer: a HuGE review","volume":"156","author":"Engel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1064852","article-title":"An apolipoprotein influencing triglycerides in humans and mice revealed by comparative sequencing","volume":"294","author":"Pennacchio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R33","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh057","article-title":"Progress in defining the molecular basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus through susceptibility-gene identification","volume":"13","author":"McCarthy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1086\/379285","article-title":"Meta-analysis and a large association study confirm a role for calpain-10 variation in type 2 diabetes susceptibility","volume":"73","author":"Weedon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2003-4-10-119","article-title":"New methods for finding disease-susceptibility genes: impact and potential","volume":"4","author":"McCarthy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1001-233","article-title":"Haplotype tagging for the identification of common disease genes","volume":"29","author":"Johnson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1086\/381000","article-title":"Selecting a maximally informative set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for association analyses using linkage disequilibrium","volume":"74","author":"Carlson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Complex genetic diseases: controversy over the Croesus code","volume":"2","author":"Wright","year":"2001","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(01)02550-1","article-title":"Linkage disequilibrium and the mapping of complex human traits","volume":"18","author":"Weiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(01)02410-6","article-title":"On the allelic spectrum of human disease","volume":"17","author":"Reich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1069424","article-title":"The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome","volume":"296","author":"Gabriel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg796","article-title":"Candidate-gene approaches for studying complex genetic traits: practical considerations","volume":"3","author":"Tabor","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0403-439","article-title":"Wanted: regulatory SNPs","volume":"33","author":"Hudson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.4.1141","article-title":"Genetic variation near the hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 gene predicts susceptibility to type 2 diabetes","volume":"53","author":"Silander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.4.1134","article-title":"A common polymorphism in the upstream promoter region of the hepatocyte nuclear factor4 gene on chromosome 20q is associated with type 2 diabetes and appears to contribute to the evidence for linkage in an Ashkenazi Jewish population","volume":"53","author":"Love-Gregory","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/10.19.2089","article-title":"A distant upstream promoter of the HNF-4alpha gene connects the transcription factors involved in maturity-onset diabetes of the young","volume":"10","author":"Thomas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14481","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.241349398","article-title":"A transcription factor regulatory circuit in differentiated pancreatic cells","volume":"98","author":"Boj","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.225502. Article published online before print in April 2002","article-title":"rVista for comparative sequence-based discovery of functional transcription factor binding sites","volume":"12","author":"Loots","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1124","article-title":"In vivo characterization of regulatory polymorphisms by allele-specific quantification of RNA polymerase loading","volume":"33","author":"Knight","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1855","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.1006603","article-title":"Allelic variation in gene expression is common in the human genome","volume":"13","author":"Lo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02623","article-title":"Mapping complex disease loci in whole-genome association studies","volume":"429","author":"Carlson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1047","article-title":"Functional SNPs in the lymphotoxin-\u03b1 gene that are associated with susceptibility to myocardial infarction","volume":"32","author":"Ozaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-003-1126-4","article-title":"Gly972Arg variant in the insulin receptor substrate-1 gene and association with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of 27 studies","volume":"46","author":"Jellema","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.9.3.234","article-title":"The relative power of family-based and case-control designs for linkage disequilibrium studies of complex human diseases. II. Individual genotyping","volume":"9","author":"Teng","year":"1999","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.7.1857","article-title":"Young-onset type 2 diabetes families are the major contributors to genetic loci in the Diabetes UK Warren 2 genome scan and identify putative novel loci on chromosomes 8q21, 21q22, and 22q11","volume":"52","author":"Frayling","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1086\/381652","article-title":"Increasing the power and efficiency of disease-marker case-control association studies through use of allele-sharing information","volume":"74","author":"Fingerlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1086\/302929","article-title":"The power of genomic control","volume":"66","author":"Bacanu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hopper JL, Bishop DT, Easton DF. Population-based family studies in genetic epidemiology Lancet (in press).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67570-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7013.1145","article-title":"Estimating sample sizes for binary, ordered categorical, and continuous outcomes in two group comparisons","volume":"311","author":"Campbell","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh075","article-title":"Assessing the probability that a positive report is false: an approach for molecular epidemiology studies","volume":"96","author":"Wacholder","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Natl Canc Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1337","article-title":"The effects of human population structure on large genetic association studies","volume":"36","author":"Marchini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.10.3.330","article-title":"Evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphism typing with invader on PCR amplicons and its automation","volume":"10","author":"Mein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.20.1919","article-title":"Clinical epidemiological quality in molecular genetic research: the need for methodological standards","volume":"281","author":"Bogardus","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.10301","article-title":"What SNP genotyping errors are most costly for genetic association studies?","volume":"26","author":"Kang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000066696","article-title":"Power and sample size calculations for case-control genetic association tests when errors are present: application to single nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"54","author":"Gordon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Hered"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.4.281","article-title":"Effect of the statistical significance of results on the time to completion and publication of randomized efficacy trials","volume":"279","author":"Ioannidis","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib65","first-page":"811","article-title":"A note on the application of the transmission disequilibrium test when a parent is missing","volume":"56","author":"Curtis","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1086\/382287","article-title":"Impact of genotyping errors on type I error rate of the haplotype-sharing transmission\/disequilibrium test (HS-TDT)","volume":"74","author":"Knapp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1086\/368203","article-title":"Undetected genotyping errors cause apparent overtransmission of common alleles in the transmission\/disequilibrium test","volume":"72","author":"Mitchell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5200855","article-title":"The impact of genotyping error on haplotype reconstruction and frequency estimation","volume":"10","author":"Kirk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S56","DOI":"10.2144\/jun0207","article-title":"BeadArray technology: enabling an accurate, cost-effective approach to high-throughput genotyping","volume":"32","author":"Oliphant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biotechniques"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1086\/303048","article-title":"Identification and analysis of error types in high-throughput genotyping","volume":"67","author":"Ewen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib71","first-page":"111","article-title":"Inference of haplotypes from PCR-amplified samples of diploid populations","volume":"7","author":"Clark","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib72","first-page":"921","article-title":"Maximum-likelihood estimation of molecular haplotype frequencies in a diploid population","volume":"12","author":"Excoffier","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1086\/379378","article-title":"A comparison of bayesian methods for haplotype reconstruction from population genotype data","volume":"73","author":"Stephens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1086\/338446","article-title":"Bayesian haplotype inference for multiple linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms","volume":"70","author":"Niu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1086\/319501","article-title":"A new statistical method for haplotype reconstruction from population data","volume":"68","author":"Stephens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1086\/342666","article-title":"Caution on pedigree haplotype inference with software that assumes linkage equilibrium","volume":"71","author":"Schaid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1086\/378900","article-title":"\u201cAre we there yet?\u201d: deciding when one has demonstrated specific genetic causation in complex diseases and quantitative traits","volume":"73","author":"Page","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1195-241","article-title":"Genetic dissection of complex traits: guidelines for interpreting and reporting linkage results","volume":"11","author":"Lander","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)82009-7","article-title":"Large-scale test of hypothesised associations between the angiotensin-converting-enzyme insertion\/deletion polymorphism and myocardial infarction in about 5000 cases and 6000 controls","volume":"355","author":"Keavney","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.11.3323","article-title":"Nonreplication in genetic association studies of obesity and diabetes research","volume":"133","author":"Redden","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9440","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1530509100","article-title":"Statistical significance for genomewide studies","volume":"100","author":"Storey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1086\/383251","article-title":"A simple correction for multiple testing for single-nucleotide polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium with each other","volume":"74","author":"Nyholt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2272(1996)13:5<423::AID-GEPI1>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"General score tests for associations of genetic markers with disease using cases and their parents","volume":"13","author":"Schaid","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1086\/380204","article-title":"Inference on haplotype effects in case-control studies using unphased genotype data","volume":"73","author":"Epstein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1086\/382051","article-title":"Multiple comparisons in studies of gene x gene and gene x environment interaction","volume":"74","author":"Kraft","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1086\/302466","article-title":"Methods for detection of parent-of-origin effects in genetic studies of case-parents triads","volume":"65","author":"Weinberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67531-9_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1037\/h0026141","article-title":"Statistical significance in psychological research","volume":"70","author":"Lykken","year":"1968","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"}],"container-title":["The Lancet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0140673605675319?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0140673605675319?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,5]],"date-time":"2023-05-05T05:03:28Z","timestamp":1683263008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0140673605675319"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9493","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0140673605675319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)67531-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-6736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-6736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]}}}