{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T16:32:02Z","timestamp":1770913922339,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8298","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1982,9,1]],"date-time":"1982-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":399686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Lancet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(82)90670-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,9]],"date-time":"2003-10-09T04:19:09Z","timestamp":1065673149000},"page":"597-600","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":238,"title":["SCOPE OF A TECHNIQUE FOR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF HUMAN BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, AND MUSCLE"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"320","author":[{"given":"P.A.","family":"Merton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.B.","family":"Morton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.K.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.D.","family":"Marsden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Direct stimulation of the adductor pollicis in man","volume":"300","author":"Hill","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1968.sp008672","article-title":"Tension due to interaction between the sliding filaments in resting striated muscle. The effect of stimulation","volume":"199","author":"Hill","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB3","series-title":"Indirect and direct stimulation of fatigued human muscle. In: Human muscle fatigue","author":"Merton","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB4","unstructured":"Cd Marsden, Jc Meadows, Pa Merton, The \"muscular wisdom\" which minimizes fatigue during prolonged effort in man: peak rates of motoneurone discharge and slowing of discharge during fatigue In: Je Desmedt (Eds), Brain and spinal mechanisms of movement control in man new developments and clinical applications, Raven Press, New York ((in press))."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/285227a0","article-title":"Stimulation of the cerebral cortex in the intact human subject","volume":"285","author":"Merton","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB6","first-page":"9","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of human motor and visual cortex through the scalp","volume":"305","author":"Merton","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1954.sp005157","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of the unexposed cerebral cortex","volume":"125","author":"Gualtierotti","year":"1954","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB8","first-page":"5P","article-title":"Maximal twitches from stimulation of the motor cortex in man","volume":"312","author":"Marsden","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB9","unstructured":"Cd Marsden, Pa Merton, Hb Morton, Direct electrical stimulation of corticospinal pathways through the intact scalp in human subjects In: Je Desmedt (Eds), Brain and spinal mechanisms of movement control in man: new developments and clinical applications, Raven Press, New York ((in press))."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB10","first-page":"61","article-title":"Percutaneous stimulation of spinal cord and brain pyramidal tract conduction velocities in man","volume":"328","author":"Marsden","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/238140a0","article-title":"Servo action in human voluntary movement","volume":"238","author":"Marsden","year":"1972","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)92141-7","article-title":"Is the human stretch reflex cortical rather than spinal?","volume":"i","author":"Marsden","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800671105","article-title":"The anal reflex in idiopathic faecal incontinence; an electrophysiological study","volume":"67","author":"Henry","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.9.813","article-title":"Human anal reflexes","volume":"41","author":"Pedersen","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Neurol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.41.9.813","article-title":"The latency of the anal reflex","volume":"41","author":"Marsden","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(82)90670-5_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.18.8.656","article-title":"Sphincter denervation in anorectal incontinence and rectal prolapse","volume":"18","author":"Parks","year":"1977","journal-title":"Gut"}],"container-title":["The Lancet"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0140673682906705?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0140673682906705?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T18:26:55Z","timestamp":1555612015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0140673682906705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8298","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0140673682906705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(82)90670-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-6736"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-6736","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1982,9]]}}}