{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:30:12Z","timestamp":1773394212364,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]],"date-time":"2001-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":983404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1781(01)00219-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T09:43:03Z","timestamp":1027590183000},"page":"171-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Repetitive behaviors in Tourette's syndrome and OCD with and without tics: what are the differences?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Danielle C","family":"Cath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Spinhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cees A.L","family":"Hoogduin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrea D","family":"Landman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Theo C.A.M","family":"van Woerkom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ben J.M","family":"van de Wetering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raymund A.C","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Harry G.M","family":"Rooijmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB1","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., revised","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820210068008","article-title":"An epidemiological study of Tourette's syndrome in Israel","volume":"50","author":"Apter","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB3","first-page":"18","article-title":"Factor analysis of symptom subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder and their relation to personality and tic disorders","volume":"55","author":"Baer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (suppl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB4","series-title":"A Temperament Theory of Personality Development. Wiley Series in Behavior","first-page":"123","author":"Buss","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB5","series-title":"Advances in Neurology Series, 58th edition","first-page":"33","article-title":"Tourette's Syndrome and OCD: an analysis of associated phenomena","author":"Cath","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.161.4.542","article-title":"Mental play in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"161","author":"Cath","year":"1992","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050986","article-title":"The effect of m-CPP on tics and obsessive\u2013compulsive phenomena in Tourette's syndrome","volume":"144","author":"Cath","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB8","series-title":"Comparative studies in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Thesis, Leiden University","author":"Cath","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0708","article-title":"The relationship between types and severity of repetitive behaviors in Gilles de la Tourette's disorder and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"61","author":"Cath","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327906mbr0102_10","article-title":"The scree test for the number of factors","volume":"1","author":"Cattell","year":"1966","journal-title":"Multivariate Behavioral Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(95)00221-9","article-title":"Elevated cerebrospinal fluid Corticotropin releasing factor in Tourette's syndrome: comparison to obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and normal controls","volume":"39","author":"Chappell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700040010","article-title":"The Leyton Obsessional Inventory","volume":"1","author":"Cooper","year":"1970","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19970725)74:4<432::AID-AJMG15>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Obsessive compulsive symptoms in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder: differences by diagnosis and family history","volume":"74","author":"Eapen","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.1.93","article-title":"Obsessions in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder with and without Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome","volume":"150","author":"George","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB15","series-title":"Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Disorder \u2014 Theory, Research, and Treatment","first-page":"397","article-title":"Conceptual foundations of OC spectrum disorders","author":"Goldsmith","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008","article-title":"The Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Scale I. Development, use and reliability","volume":"46","author":"Goodman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007","article-title":"The Yale\u2013Brown Obsessive\u2013Compulsive Scale. II. Validity","volume":"46","author":"Goodman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(94)00235-U","article-title":"M-chlorophenylpiperazine in patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: absence of symptom exacerbation","volume":"38","author":"Goodman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198701000-00014","article-title":"Obsessive\u2013compulsive symptomatology in children with Tourette's syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Grad","year":"1987","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198201000-00002","article-title":"Simultaneous tests of many hypotheses in exploratory research","volume":"170","author":"Grove","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB21","first-page":"657","article-title":"De Montgomery-Asberg schaal voor depressie","volume":"27","author":"Hartong","year":"1985","journal-title":"Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820010021003","article-title":"Serotonergic function in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"49","author":"Hollander","year":"1992","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3928\/0048-5713-19930701-05","article-title":"Obsessive\u2013compulsive spectrum disorders: an overview","volume":"23","author":"Hollander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Psychiatric Annals"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.164.4.469","article-title":"Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder with and without a chronic tic disorder. A comparison of symptoms in 70 patients","volume":"164","author":"Holzer","year":"1994","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB25","first-page":"201","article-title":"Ontwikkeling van een zelfbeoordelingsschaal voor obsessief- compulsief gedrag","volume":"31","author":"Kraaimaat","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nederlands tijdschrift voor Psychologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1994.00540230083017","article-title":"Hypothesis II: Tourette's syndrome is part of a clinical spectrum that includes normal brain development","volume":"51","author":"Kurlan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/anxi.3070010504","article-title":"Tic-related versus non-tic-related obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"1","author":"Leckman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Anxiety"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.5.675","article-title":"\u2018Just right\u2019 perceptions associated with compulsive behavior in Tourette's syndrome","volume":"151","author":"Leckman","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-133X(94)00070-G","article-title":"CSF biogenic amines in obsessive-compulsive disorder, Tourette's syndrome and healthy controls","volume":"12","author":"Leckman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.7.911","article-title":"Symptoms of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"154","author":"Leckman","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McDougle, C.J., Goodman, W.K., Leckman, J.F., Nee, N.C., Heninger, G.R., Price, L.H., 1994. Haloperidol addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 302\u2013308.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1994.03950040046006"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB32","first-page":"246","article-title":"Phenomenology of intentional repetitive behaviors in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and Tourette's disorder","volume":"56","author":"Miguel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.170.2.140","article-title":"Phenomenological differences appearing with repetitive behaviors in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome","volume":"170","author":"Miguel","year":"1997","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0213","article-title":"Sensory phenomena in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder and Tourette's disorder","volume":"61","author":"Miguel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(97)02658-9","article-title":"Characteristics of obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms in Tourette's syndrome, obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder, and Parkinson's disease","volume":"70","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(96)00114-3","article-title":"Abnormal and normal compulsions","volume":"35","author":"Muris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB37","unstructured":"Oldham, J.M., Hollander, E., Skodol, A.E., 1996. In: Oldham, J.M., Hollander, E., Skodol, A.E. (Eds.) Impulsivity and Compulsivity. American Psychiatric Press, Washington, DC, London, England."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1986.01800120066013","article-title":"Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"43","author":"Pauls","year":"1986","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB39","first-page":"154","article-title":"A family study of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome","volume":"48","author":"Pauls","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.152.1.76","article-title":"A family study of obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"152","author":"Pauls","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB41","first-page":"1166","article-title":"Clinical comparison of Tourette's disorder and obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"9","author":"Pitman","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(78)90022-0","article-title":"Abnormal and normal obsessions","volume":"16","author":"Rachman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199211000-00009","article-title":"Obsessions and compulsions across time in 79 children and adolescents with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder","volume":"31","author":"Rettew","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.152.3.383","article-title":"The psychopathology of the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome \u2014 a phenomenological analysis","volume":"152","author":"Robertson","year":"1988","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800360017003","article-title":"The Composite International Diagnostic Interview","volume":"45","author":"Robins","year":"1988","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(84)90057-3","article-title":"Abnormal and normal obsessions \u2014 a replication","volume":"22","author":"Salkovskis","year":"1984","journal-title":"Behavior Research and Therapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB47","series-title":"Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome, 2nd ed","author":"Shapiro","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1993.00540100012008","article-title":"Definitions and classification of tic disorders","volume":"50","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB49","series-title":"Zelfbeoordelingsvragenlijst STAI versie DY-1 en DY-2","author":"Van der Ploeg","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB50","series-title":"The low serotonin syndrome in recurrent suicidal behavior. Thesis","author":"Verkes","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(01)00219-0_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.2.274","article-title":"Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder with and without tics in an epidemiological sample of adolescents","volume":"154","author":"Zohar","year":"1997","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178101002190?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165178101002190?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T14:48:20Z","timestamp":1703947700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165178101002190"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165178101002190"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-1781(01)00219-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-1781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-1781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,3]]}}}