{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:07:59Z","timestamp":1773248879762,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,1]],"date-time":"2002-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1014940800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trends in Pharmacological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-6147(00)01972-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T11:32:04Z","timestamp":1027596724000},"page":"136-139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":369,"title":["Toxic heavy metals and undeclared drugs in Asian herbal medicines"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Edzard","family":"Ernst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S0965-2299(00)90833-1","article-title":"The BBC survey of complementary medicine use in the UK","volume":"8","author":"Ernst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Complement. Ther. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB2","series-title":"Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs","first-page":"1649","article-title":"Risks associated with complementary therapies","author":"Ernst","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst, E. Heavy metals in traditional Indian remedies. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. (in press)","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-001-0400-y"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199717050-00006","article-title":"Traditional remedies and food supplements: a 5-year toxicological study (1991\u20131995)","volume":"17","author":"Shaw","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.116607","article-title":"Arsenic poisoning caused by Indian ethnic remedies","volume":"139","author":"Muzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB6","first-page":"95","article-title":"Estimation of arsenic content in some Ayurvedic formulations","volume":"19","author":"Itankar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hamdard Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2001.120249","article-title":"Heavy metals in traditional Chinese medicines: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Ernst","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809173391214","article-title":"Adulterants in Asian patent medicines","volume":"339","author":"Ko","year":"1998","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200023050-00001","article-title":"Chinese proprietary medicines in Singapore. Regulatory control of toxic heavy metals and undeclared drugs","volume":"23","author":"Koh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB10","first-page":"S24","article-title":"Quality assurance and evaluation of Chinese medicinal drugs in a hospital of traditional Chinese medicine in Germany: a five-year report","volume":"7","author":"Melchart","year":"2001","journal-title":"Altern. Ther. Health Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199809173391204","article-title":"Contamination of botanical dietary supplements by Digitalis lanata","volume":"339","author":"Slifman","year":"1998","journal-title":"New Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007498613538","article-title":"Moulds and mycotoxins in herb tea and medicinal plants","volume":"14","author":"Halt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB13","first-page":"613","article-title":"Surveillance of phytotherapeutic drugs in the State of Minas Gerais. Quality assessment of commercial samples of chamomile","volume":"14","author":"Lins Brandao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cad Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica; Rio de Janeiro"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(99)70136-8","article-title":"Urothelial lesions in Chinese-herb nephropathy","volume":"33","author":"Cosyns","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/jppr200030123","article-title":"Warfarin\/complementary medicine interaction","volume":"30","author":"Attia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Austr. J. Hosp. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1997.tb04312.x","article-title":"Adulteration by synthetic therapeutic substances of traditional chinese medicines in Taiwan","volume":"37","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7183.563","article-title":"Analysis of Chinese herbal creams prescribed for dermatological conditions","volume":"318","author":"Keane","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.83.2.174","article-title":"Mercury intoxication presenting with tics","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143560.x","article-title":"Contaminated medication precipitating hypoglycaemia","volume":"175","author":"Goudie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. J. Aust."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB20","unstructured":"MCA press release (2001) Concern over quality and safety standards of traditional Chinese medicines (2001\/0448) (27 September)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB21","series-title":"Chinese Materia Medica: Chemistry, Pharmacology and Applications","author":"Zhu","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB22","first-page":"417","article-title":"Lead poisoning associated with the use of Ayurvedic metal\u2013mineral tonics","volume":"34","author":"Prpic-Majic","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB23","first-page":"179","article-title":"The flip side of Ayurveda","volume":"39","author":"Thatte","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Postgrad. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB24","unstructured":"The Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission of the Ministry of Public Health (1995) Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (Vol. 1), Guangdong Technology Publisher and Chemical Industries Publisher"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB25","first-page":"25","article-title":"Heavy metals in herbal drugs","volume":"4","author":"Kabelitz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur. J. Herb. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:76:3:235","article-title":"Determination of trace elements in some natural drugs by atomic absorption spectrometry","volume":"76","author":"Chuang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol. Trace. Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB27","first-page":"437","article-title":"Why complementary medicine?","volume":"11","author":"Ernst","year":"1999","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB28","first-page":"707","article-title":"UK and German media differ over complementary medicine","volume":"321","author":"Ernst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.18.1569","article-title":"Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States; 1990\u20131997","volume":"280","author":"Eisenberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB30","unstructured":"Ernst, E. (2000) Possible interactions between synthetic and herbal medicinal products. Part 1: a systematic review of the indirect evidence. Perfusion 13, 4\u20136, 8"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB31","first-page":"60","article-title":"Interactions between synthetic and herbal medicinal products. Part 2: a systematic review of the direct evidence","volume":"13","author":"Ernst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Perfusion"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.6.805","article-title":"Americans\u2019 views on the use and regulation of dietary supplements","volume":"161","author":"Blendon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00010","article-title":"Advising patients who seek alternative medical therapies","volume":"127","author":"Eisenberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01972-6_BIB34","first-page":"181","article-title":"Adverse reactions to watch for in patients using herbal remedies","volume":"171","author":"Ko","year":"1999","journal-title":"West. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Trends in Pharmacological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165614700019726?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0165614700019726?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T06:42:36Z","timestamp":1578465756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0165614700019726"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0165614700019726"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-6147(00)01972-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-6147"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-6147","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,3]]}}}