{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T03:06:26Z","timestamp":1769310386585,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-739x(02)00075-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,11]],"date-time":"2002-10-11T12:51:01Z","timestamp":1034340661000},"page":"961-972","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["IMMSIM, a flexible model for in machina experiments on immune system responses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Puzone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Seiden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Celada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(87)90188-5","article-title":"Antigen processing at the molecular level","volume":"8","author":"Allen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB2","unstructured":"S. Bandini, Hyper-cellular automata for the simulation of complex biological systems: a model for the immune system, in: D. Kirschner (Ed.), Special Issue on Advance in Mathematical Modeling of Biological Processes, Vol. 3, 1996. ISSN:1076-5131."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(93)90143-9","article-title":"The maturation of the immune response","volume":"14","author":"Berek","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB4","unstructured":"J.A. Berzofski, The nature and role of antigen processing in T cell activation, in: J.M. Cruse, R.E. Lewis (Eds.), Year in Immunology 1984\u20131985, Karger, Basel, 1985, pp. 18\u201324."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F.M. Burnet, The Clonal Selection Theory of Acquired Immunity, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1959.","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.8281"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90135-T","article-title":"A computer model of cellular interactions in the immune system","volume":"13","author":"Celada","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1159\/000313054","article-title":"The cellular basis of immunological memory","volume":"15","author":"Celada","year":"1971","journal-title":"Prog. Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260626","article-title":"Affinity maturation and hypermutation in a simulation of the humoral immune response","volume":"26","author":"Celada","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Celada, P. Seiden, Modeling immune cognition, in: Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, San Diego, CA, October 11\u201314, 1998, pp. 3787\u20133792 (IEEE Catalog Number 98CH36218).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSMC.1998.726677"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/308149a0","article-title":"Isolation of cDNA clones encoding T cell specific membrane-associated proteins","volume":"308","author":"Hedrick","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.157.4.1149","article-title":"The major histocompatibility complex-restricted antigen receptor on T cells","volume":"157","author":"Haskins","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1038\/314494a0","article-title":"Immunological help at last","volume":"314","author":"Howard","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB13","first-page":"435","article-title":"Towards a network theory of the immune system","volume":"125","author":"Jerne","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann. Inst. Pasteur Immunol. C"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00225-5","article-title":"A systematic approach to vaccine complexity using an automaton model of the cellular and humoral immune system","volume":"19","author":"Kohler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/314537a0","article-title":"Antigen-specific interactions between T and B cells","volume":"314","author":"Lanzavecchia","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830150408","article-title":"Constraints in T\u2013B cooperation related to epitope topology on E. coli \u03b2-galactosidase. I. The fine specificity of T cells dictates the fine specificity of antibodies directed to conformation-dependent determinants","volume":"15","author":"Manca","year":"1985","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.005015","article-title":"Tolerance, danger and the extended family","volume":"12","author":"Matzinger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/7.4.505","article-title":"Modelling thymic functions in a cellular automaton","volume":"7","author":"Morpurgo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.69.1219","article-title":"Immunology for physicists","volume":"69","author":"Perelson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1038\/276790a0","article-title":"The arrangement and rearrangement of antibody genes","volume":"276","author":"Seidman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/302575a0","article-title":"Somatic generation of antibody diversity","volume":"302","author":"Tonegawa","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5193(05)80737-4","article-title":"A model for simulating cognate recognition and response in the immune system","volume":"158","author":"Seiden","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB23","unstructured":"Abbas, Lichtman, Pober, Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Saunders, Philadelphia, 1997."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB24","first-page":"114","article-title":"Deriving shape space parameters from immunological data","volume":"189","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1988.tb00737.x","article-title":"T cell selection in the thymus","volume":"101","author":"Sprent","year":"1988","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.159.4.1728","volume":"159","author":"Steward","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-739X(02)00075-4_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.02.040184.002143","article-title":"Antigen-presenting function of the macrophage","volume":"2","author":"Unanue","year":"1984","journal-title":"Ann. Rev. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Future Generation Computer Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X02000754?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167739X02000754?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T21:58:19Z","timestamp":1682287099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167739X02000754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0167739X02000754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0167-739x(02)00075-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-739X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-739X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}}}