{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T17:19:06Z","timestamp":1767979146520,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,1]],"date-time":"2002-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pattern Recognition Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0167-8655(01)00163-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,25]],"date-time":"2002-07-25T06:03:45Z","timestamp":1027577025000},"page":"875-884","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["An iterative initial-points refinement algorithm for categorical data clustering"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuming","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"124","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB1","first-page":"927","article-title":"Extensions of Forsythe's method for random sampling from the normal distribution","volume":"27","author":"Ahrens","year":"1973","journal-title":"Math. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB2","series-title":"Cluster Analysis for Applications","author":"Anderberg","year":"1973"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1109\/21.97475","article-title":"C-means clustering with the l1 and l\u221e norms","volume":"21","author":"Bobrowski","year":"1991","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Systems Man Cybernet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB4","series-title":"Proc. 15th Internat. Conf. on Machine Learning","article-title":"Refining initial points for k-means clustering","author":"Bradley","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB5","series-title":"Proc. 4th Internat. Conf. on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","article-title":"Refining initialization of clustering algorithms","author":"Bradley","year":"1998"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00114265","article-title":"Knowledge acquisition via incremental conceptual clustering","volume":"2","author":"Fisher","year":"1987","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(91)90022-W","article-title":"Symbolic clustering using a new dissimilarity measure","volume":"24","author":"Gower","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB8","series-title":"Clustering Algorithms","author":"Hartigan","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB9","series-title":"Proc. First Pacific Asia Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Conf","first-page":"21","article-title":"Clustering large data sets with mixed numeric and categorical value","author":"Huang","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009769707641","article-title":"Extensions to the k-means algorithm for clustering large data sets with categorical values","volume":"II","author":"Huang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB11","series-title":"Algorithms for Clustering Data","author":"Jain","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB12","series-title":"Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis","author":"Kaufman","year":"1990"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00114264","article-title":"Experiments with incremental concept formation","volume":"2","author":"Lebowitz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB14","series-title":"Proc. 5th Berkeley Symp. on Mathematical Statistics and Probability","first-page":"281","article-title":"Some methods for classification and analysis of multivariate observation","author":"MacQueen","year":"1967"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB15","series-title":"Machine Learning and Data Mining: Methods and Applications","author":"Michalski","year":"1998"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1983.4767409","article-title":"Automated construction of classifications: conceptual clustering versus numerical taxonomy","volume":"5","author":"Michalski","year":"1983","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB17","unstructured":"Ng, R., Han, J., 1994. Efficient and effective clustering methods for spatial data mining. In: Proc. 20th VLDB Conf., Santiago, Chile, pp. 144\u2013155"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0167-8655(01)00163-5_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(95)00075-R","article-title":"A conceptual version of the k-means algorithm","volume":"16","author":"Ralambondrainy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition Letters"}],"container-title":["Pattern Recognition Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167865501001635?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167865501001635?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]],"date-time":"2019-05-03T06:58:25Z","timestamp":1556866705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167865501001635"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0167865501001635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0167-8655(01)00163-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-8655"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0167-8655","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]}}}