{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T08:50:35Z","timestamp":1769763035832,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0169-409x(02)00223-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,3,14]],"date-time":"2003-03-14T12:12:53Z","timestamp":1047643973000},"page":"349-377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":396,"title":["Lab-on-a-chip for drug development"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Bernhard H.","family":"Weigl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron L.","family":"Bardell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine R.","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(01)00451-X","article-title":"Microchips, microarrays, biochips and nanochips: personal laboratories for the 21st century","volume":"307","author":"Kricka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB2","series-title":"Fluid Mechanics","author":"White","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB3","series-title":"Incompressible Flow","author":"Panton","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB4","series-title":"Engineering Fluid Mechanics","author":"Crowe","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1883.0029","article-title":"An experimental investigation of the circumstances which determine whether the motion of water in parallel channels shall be direct or sinuous and of the law of resistance in parallel channels","volume":"174","author":"Reynolds","year":"1883","journal-title":"Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1038\/88135","article-title":"A rapid diffusion immunoassay in a T-sensor","volume":"19","author":"Hatch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB7","series-title":"Micro Total Analysis Systems, MESA","first-page":"73","article-title":"Results obtained using a prototype microfluidics-based hematology analyzer","author":"Altendorf","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB8","series-title":"1996 Solid-State Sensor and Actuator Workshop","article-title":"Low Reynolds number microfluidic devices","author":"Brody","year":"1996"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160100997","article-title":"Lab-on-a-chip sample preparation using laminar fluid diffusion interfaces\u2014computational fluid dynamics model results and fluidic verification experiments","volume":"371","author":"Weigl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(96)79538-3","article-title":"Biotechnology at low Reynolds numbers","volume":"71","author":"Brody","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(02)01905-4","article-title":"Microfabricated devices in biotechnology and biochemical processing","volume":"20","author":"Chova\u2019n","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0008385","article-title":"Dispersion reduction in pressure-driven flow through microetched channels","volume":"73","author":"Dutta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5340","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990504j","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of molecular interaction in a microfluidic channel: the T-sensor","volume":"71","author":"Kamholz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160100960","article-title":"Multiport flow-control system for lab-on-a-chip microfluidic devices","volume":"371","author":"Chien","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(02)00160-7","article-title":"Initial study of using laminar fluid diffusion interface for sample preparation in HPLC","volume":"954","author":"Jandik","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4005(01)00990-X","article-title":"Molecular diffusion scaling laws in pressure-driven flow: deviation from one-dimensional Einstein approximations","volume":"82","author":"Kamholz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sensors and Actuators B"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-9936(99)00176-4","article-title":"Fabrication techniques and materials commonly used for the production of microreactors and micro total analytical systems","volume":"19","author":"McCreedy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trac-Trends Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB18","series-title":"The Biophysical Characterisation Of The Cell Surface","author":"Sherbet","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/4\/4\/010","article-title":"Electroosmotic pumping and electrophoretic separations for miniaturized chemical-analysis systems","volume":"4","author":"Manz","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Micromech. Microeng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1126\/science.261.5123.895","article-title":"Micromachining a miniaturized capillary electrophoresis-based chemical-analysis system on a chip","volume":"261","author":"Harrison","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(99)00774-8","article-title":"Measurement of electroosmotic flow in plastic imprinted microfluid devices and the effect of protein adsorption on flow rates","volume":"857","author":"Locascio","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<107::AID-ELPS107>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Electrokinetic control of fluid flow in native poly(dimethylsiloxane) capillary electrophoresis devices","volume":"21","author":"Ocvirk","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4005(96)01932-6","article-title":"Micromachining chemical and biochemical analysis and reaction systems on glass substrates","volume":"33","author":"Harrison","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sensors and Actuators B\u2014Chemical"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990922o","article-title":"Cell separation by dielectrophoretic field-flow-fractionation","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4967","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9806557","article-title":"Combinatorial synthesis of highly selective cyclohexapeptides for separation of amino acid enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis","volume":"70","author":"Chiari","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00042a021","article-title":"DNA sequencing using capillary array electrophoresis","volume":"64","author":"Huang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1021\/ac960260s","article-title":"Characterization of nonbonded poly(ethylene oxide) coating for capillary electrophoresis via continuous monitoring of electroosmotic flow","volume":"68","author":"Preisler","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(01)00327-9","article-title":"Electroosmotic properties of microfluidic channels composed of poly(dimethylsiloxane)","volume":"762","author":"Ren","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B. Biomed. Sci. Appl."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3931","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200012)21:18<3931::AID-ELPS3931>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Recent developments in electrokinetically driven analysis on microfabricated devices","volume":"21","author":"Bruin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biophys.29.1.155","article-title":"Electrokinetically controlled microfluidic analysis systems","volume":"29","author":"Bousse","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9912202","article-title":"Electroosmotically induced hydraulic pumping on microchips: differential ion transport","volume":"72","author":"Culbertson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010048a","article-title":"Electroosmotically induced hydraulic pumping with integrated electrodes on microfluidic devices","volume":"73","author":"McKnight","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3902","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3902::AID-ELPS3902>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Field-effect flow control in a polydimethylsiloxane-based microfluidic system","volume":"22","author":"Buch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000850x","article-title":"A picoliter-volume mixer for microfluidic analytical systems","volume":"73","author":"He","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010895d","article-title":"Rapid microfluidic mixing","volume":"74","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5822","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0155411","article-title":"Electrokinetic instability micromixing","volume":"73","author":"Oddy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB37","series-title":"Micromachined Transducers Sourcebook","author":"Kovacs","year":"1998"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1021\/ac981010+","article-title":"Microfabricated filters for microfluidic analytical systems","volume":"71","author":"He","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3388","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9913614","article-title":"Eight hundred-base sequencing in a microfabricated electrophoretic device","volume":"72","author":"Koutny","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4058","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000325y","article-title":"A fully integrated monolithic microchip electrospray device for mass spectrometry","volume":"72","author":"Schultz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000401)21:7<1291::AID-ELPS1291>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"A multireflection cell for enhanced absorbance detection in microchip-based capillary electrophoresis devices","volume":"21","author":"Salimi-Moosavi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<235::AID-ELPS235>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"New approaches for fabrication of microfluidic capillary electrophoresis devices with on-chip conductivity detection","volume":"22","author":"Guijt","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1039\/b101479j","article-title":"Conductivity detection for monitoring mixing reactions in microfluidic devices","volume":"126","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3158","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9912294","article-title":"Fabrication of topologically complex three-dimensional microfluidic systems in PDMS by rapid prototyping","volume":"72","author":"Anderson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3176","DOI":"10.1021\/ac991343m","article-title":"Prototyping of masks, masters, and stamps\/molds for soft lithography using an office printer and photographic reduction","volume":"72","author":"Deng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<27::AID-ELPS27>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane)","volume":"21","author":"McDonald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13488","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.250273097","article-title":"Microfluidic tectonics: a comprehensive construction platform for microfluidic systems","volume":"97","author":"Beebe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.10005","article-title":"Engineering protein and cell adhesivity using PEO-terminated triblock polymers","volume":"60","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater Res."},{"issue":"6778","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1038\/35007047","article-title":"Functional hydrogel structures for autonomous flow control inside microfluidic channels","volume":"404","author":"Beebe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1367010","article-title":"Responsive biomimetic hydrogel valve for microfluidics","volume":"78","author":"Yu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4783","DOI":"10.1021\/ac970558y","article-title":"Fabrication of plastic microfluid channels by imprinting methods","volume":"69","author":"Martynova","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<165::AID-ELPS165>3.0.CO;2-I","article-title":"Analysis of DNA fragments by microchip electrophoresis fabricated on poly(methyl methacrylate) substrates using a wire-imprinting method","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"5372","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5372.2089","article-title":"Design and fabrication of topologically complex, three-dimensional microstructures","volume":"280","author":"Jackman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<12::AID-ELPS12>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Polymer microfabrication methods for microfluidic analytical applications","volume":"21","author":"Becker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4899","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000548o","article-title":"Plastic microfluidic devices modified with polyelectrolyte multilayers","volume":"72","author":"Barker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5925","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0008690","article-title":"Control of flow direction in microfluidic devices with polyelectrolyte multilayers","volume":"72","author":"Barker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2656","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010138f","article-title":"Narrow sample channel injectors for capillary electrophoresis on microchips","volume":"73","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4181","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010421e","article-title":"Surface biopassivation of replicated poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic channels and application to heterogeneous immunoreaction with on-chip fluorescence detection","volume":"73","author":"Linder","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3745","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000237d","article-title":"Generation of natural pH gradients in microfluidic channels for use in isoelectric focusing","volume":"72","author":"Macounova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<355::AID-ELPS355>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Continuous concentration of bacteria in a microfluidic flow cell using electrokinetic techniques","volume":"22","author":"Cabrera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012448412811","article-title":"Design and rapid prototyping of thin-film laminate-based microfluidic devices","volume":"3","author":"Weigl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biomed. Microdev."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2376","DOI":"10.1063\/1.126351","article-title":"Experimental and theoretical scaling laws for transverse diffusive bradening in two-phase laminar flows in microchannels","volume":"76","author":"Ismagilov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"issue":"5424","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5424.83","article-title":"Microfabrication inside capillaries using multiphase laminar flow patterning","volume":"285","author":"Kenis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB64","series-title":"Flow Injection Analysis","author":"Ruzicka","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB65","series-title":"Micro Total Analysis Systems","first-page":"265","article-title":"Cell lysis and protein extraction in a microfluidic device with detection by a fluorogenic enzyme assay","author":"Schilling","year":"2001"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1656(92)90110-U","article-title":"Flow injection analysis and in-line biosensors for bioprocess control: a comparison","volume":"25","author":"Ludi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0956-5663(93)80057-V","article-title":"An integrated silicon thermophile as biosensor for the thermal monitoring of glucose, urea and penicillin","volume":"8","author":"Bataillard","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000855u","article-title":"A compactly integrated flow cell with a chemiluminescent fia system for determining lactate concentration in serum","volume":"73","author":"Nakamura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009930322047","article-title":"Activation and sorting of human white blood cells","volume":"1","author":"Carlson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Microdev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Altendorf, D. Zebert, M. Holl, P. Yager, Differential blood cell counts obtained using a microchannel based flow cytometer, in: Proceedings of Transducers \u201997, 1997, pp. 531\u2013534.","DOI":"10.1109\/SENSOR.1997.613704"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1109\/10.918596","article-title":"Handling individual mammalian embryos using microfluidics","volume":"48","author":"Glasgow","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9606564","article-title":"Transport, manipulation, and reaction of biological cells on-chip using electrokinetic effects","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB73","unstructured":"S. Masuda, M. Washizu, T. Nanba, Novel methods of cell fusion and handling using fluid integrated circuit, in: Proceedings of Electrostatics, 1987, p. 69."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-691X(01)00662-8","article-title":"Microfluidic technology for assisted reproduction","volume":"57","author":"Beebe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3939","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3939::AID-ELPS3939>3.0.CO;2-9","article-title":"Single molecule detection of double-stranded DNA in poly(methylmethacrylate) and polycarbonate microfluidic devices","volume":"22","author":"Wabuyele","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5334","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010504v","article-title":"Flow cytometry of Escherichia coli on microfluidic devices","volume":"73","author":"McClain","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/40.9.1800","article-title":"Microfabrication in silicon microphysiometry","volume":"40","author":"Baxter","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.23.060194.000511","article-title":"The light-addressable potentiometric sensor: principles and biological applications","volume":"23","author":"Owicki","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct."},{"issue":"5036","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1962191","article-title":"Molecular self-assembly and nanochemistry: a chemical strategy for the synthesis of nanostructures","volume":"254","author":"Whitesides","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820270702","article-title":"New ideas in biomaterials science\u2014a path to engineered biomaterials","volume":"27","author":"Ratner","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater Res."},{"issue":"5108","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8480175","article-title":"Imaging of features on surfaces by condensation figures","volume":"260","author":"Lopez","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5159","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8171320","article-title":"Engineering cell shape and function","volume":"264","author":"Singhvi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5228","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7652572","article-title":"Microlithography by using neutral metastable atoms and self-assembled monolayers","volume":"269","author":"Berggren","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5224","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7624795","article-title":"Fabrication of submicrometer features on curved substrates by microcontact printing","volume":"269","author":"Jackman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"5273","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5273.347","article-title":"Complex optical surfaces formed by replica molding against elastomeric masters","volume":"273","author":"Xia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10775","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.10775","article-title":"Controlling cell attachment on contoured surfaces with self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold","volume":"93","author":"Mrksich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bb.25.060196.000415","article-title":"Using self-assembled monolayers to understand the interactions of man-made surfaces with proteins and cells","volume":"25","author":"Mrksich","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1997.3668","article-title":"Using microcontact printing to pattern the attachment of mammalian cells to self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on transparent films of gold and silver","volume":"235","author":"Mrksich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1021\/bp980031m","article-title":"Micropatterned surfaces for control of cell shape, position, and function","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Prog."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s11626-999-0050-4","article-title":"Geometric control of switching between growth, apoptosis, and differentiation during angiogenesis using micropatterned substrates","volume":"35","author":"Dike","year":"1999","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. Anim."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(98)00154-X","article-title":"A simple microfluidic system for patterning populations of neurons on silicon micromachined substrates","volume":"87","author":"Martinoia","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.10.5545","article-title":"Patterning cells and their environments using multiple laminar fluid flows in capillary networks","volume":"96","author":"Takayama","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3876","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3876::AID-ELPS3876>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Patterned self-assembled beads in silicon channels","volume":"22","author":"Andersson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9673(92)80293-4","article-title":"Planar chips technology for miniaturization and integration of separation techniques into monitoring systems\u2014capillary electrophoresis on a chip","volume":"593","author":"Manz","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150181006","article-title":"Clinical potential of microchip capillary electrophoresis systems","volume":"18","author":"Colyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2044","DOI":"10.1021\/ac951190c","article-title":"Micellar electrokinetic chromatography separations and analyses of biological samples on a cyclic planar microstructure","volume":"68","author":"von Heeren","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10273","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.19.10273","article-title":"DNA typing in thirty seconds with a microfabricated device","volume":"94","author":"Schmalzing","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1021\/ac971135z","article-title":"Capillary electrophoresis chips with integrated electrochemical detection","volume":"70","author":"Woolley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"16\u201317","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.1150191641","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody binding affinity determined by microchip-based capillary electrophoresis","volume":"19","author":"Chiem","year":"1998","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160000460","article-title":"Indirect fluorescence detection of phenolic compounds by capillary electrophoresis on a glass device","volume":"367","author":"Arundell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-5663(99)00056-1","article-title":"Red diode laser induced fluorescence detection with a confocal microscope on a microchip for capillary electrophoresis","volume":"14","author":"Jiang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4491","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010423z","article-title":"An integrated fluorescence detection system in poly(dimethylsiloxane) for microfluidic applications","volume":"73","author":"Chabinyc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4551","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010449q","article-title":"Determination of cell viability in single or mixed samples using capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence microfluidic systems","volume":"73","author":"Armstrong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-5931(97)80081-6","article-title":"Developments in technology and applications of microsystems","volume":"1","author":"Kopp","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(98)01294-3","article-title":"Chromatography and electrophoresis on chips: critical elements of future integrated, microfluidic analytical systems for life science","volume":"17","author":"Regnier","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(99)01310-4","article-title":"Microfluidic devices for DNA analysis","volume":"17","author":"Ehrlich","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4017","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200012)21:18<4017::AID-ELPS4017>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Recent advances in electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis","volume":"21","author":"Baldwin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-1669(00)00166-X","article-title":"Microfabricated reaction and separation systems","volume":"12","author":"Krishnan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001023z","article-title":"Microchannel DNA sequencing matrices with a thermally controlled \u2018viscosity switch\u2019","volume":"73","author":"Buchholz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0012492","article-title":"Protein sizing on a microchip","volume":"73","author":"Bousse","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160100958","article-title":"Synchronized cyclic capillary electrophoresis using channels arranged in a triangle and low voltages","volume":"371","author":"Manz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<300::AID-ELPS300>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Electrophoresis in microfabricated devices using photopolymerized polyacrylamide gels and electrode-defined sample injection","volume":"22","author":"Brahmasandra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<318::AID-ELPS318>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Design of an interface to allow microfluidic electrophoresis chips to drink from the fire hose of the external environment","volume":"22","author":"Attiya","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000495a","article-title":"Formation of natural pH gradients in a microfluidic device under flow conditions: model and experimental validation","volume":"73","author":"Cabrera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001013y","article-title":"Concentration and separation of proteins in microfluidic channels on the basis of transverse IEF","volume":"73","author":"Macounova","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/11\/2\/314","article-title":"AC electrokinetics: applications for nanotechnology","volume":"11","author":"Hughes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1089\/152581699319939","article-title":"The removal of human breast cancer cells from hematopoietic cd34+ stem cells by dielectrophoretic field-flow-fractionation","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Hematother. Stem Cell Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1021\/ac981250p","article-title":"Cell separation on microfabricated electrodes using dielectrophoretic\/gravitational field-flow fractionation","volume":"71","author":"Yang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3893::AID-ELPS3893>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"The dielectrophoretic levitation and separation of latex beads in microchips","volume":"22","author":"Cui","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"2\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026605","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.026605","article-title":"Dielectrophoretic manipulation of macromolecules: The electric field","volume":"64","author":"Clague","year":"2001","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E. Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000401)21:6<1071::AID-ELPS1071>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Proteomics: Capacity versus utility","volume":"21","author":"Harry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000401)21:6<1082::AID-ELPS1082>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Better approaches to finding the needle in a haystack: Optimizing proteome analysis through automation","volume":"21","author":"Lopez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<208::AID-ELPS208>3.0.CO;2-O","article-title":"Proteomics on a chip: promising developments","volume":"22","author":"Figeys","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-7799(01)01639-0","article-title":"Proteomics: a technology-driven and technology-limited discovery science","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K.K. Jain, Cambridge Healthtech Institute\u2019s Third Annual Conference on Lab-on-a-chip and Microarrays, 22\u201324 January 2001, Zurich, Switzerland, Pharmacogenomics 2(1) (2001) 73\u201377 (eng).","DOI":"10.1517\/14622416.2.1.73"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S1367-5931(01)00280-0","article-title":"Lab-on-a-chip: applications in proteomics","volume":"6","author":"Mouradian","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3868::AID-ELPS3868>3.0.CO;2-F","article-title":"Sample purification on a microfluidic device","volume":"22","author":"Footz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160100959","article-title":"On-chip electrophoretic accumulation of DNA oligomers and streptavidin","volume":"371","author":"Stelzle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.3.591","article-title":"Microchip systems for immunoassay: an integrated immunoreactor with electrophoretic separation for serum theophylline determination","volume":"44","author":"Chiem","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1998.9675","article-title":"Affinities of different proteins and peptides for lipopolysaccharide as determined by biosensor technology","volume":"252","author":"de Haas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5285","DOI":"10.1021\/ac000484h","article-title":"Voltammetry on microfluidic chip platforms","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<128::AID-ELPS128>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"A microfluidic system for high-speed reproducible DNA sizing and quantitation","volume":"21","author":"Mueller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1021\/ac990751n","article-title":"Trapping of bead-based reagents within microfluidic systems: on-chip solid-phase extraction and electrochromatography","volume":"72","author":"Oleschuk","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1109\/10.817611","article-title":"Integrating microfabricated fluidic systems and NMR spectroscopy","volume":"47","author":"Trumbull","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3400","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0015366","article-title":"Electrokinetically driven microfluidic chips with surface-modified chambers for heterogeneous immunoassays","volume":"73","author":"Dodge","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<4000::AID-ELPS4000>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Multiplexed enzyme assays in capillary electrophoretic single-use microfluidic devices","volume":"22","author":"Xue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1039\/b103193g","article-title":"Glucose biochip: dual analyte response in connection to two pre-column enzymatic reactions","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001205t","article-title":"Microseparation chips for performing multienzymatic dehydrogenase\/oxidase assays: simultaneous electrochemical measurement of ethanol and glucose","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5323","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010808h","article-title":"Electrochemical enzyme immunoassays on microchip platforms","volume":"73","author":"Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)01326-7","article-title":"Flow-through sampling for electrophoresis-based microfluidic chips using hydrodynamic pumping","volume":"937","author":"Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0007938","article-title":"Development of a multichannel microfluidic analysis system employing affinity capillary electrophoresis for immunoassay","volume":"73","author":"Cheng","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0100300","article-title":"A wireless electrochemiluminescence detector applied to direct and indirect detection for electrophoresis on a microfabricated glass device","volume":"73","author":"Arora","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB143","series-title":"Micro Total Analysis Systems, 2001","first-page":"91","article-title":"Quantitative bio-affinity assays at nanoliter scale, parallel analysis of crude protein mixtures","author":"Inganas","year":"2001"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3721","DOI":"10.1021\/ac980502j","article-title":"Nanoflow solvent gradient delivery from a microfabricated device for protein identifications by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry","volume":"70","author":"Figeys","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<181::AID-ELPS181>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"An enhanced microfluidic chip coupled to an electrospray qstar mass spectrometer for protein identification","volume":"21","author":"Pinto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001533t","article-title":"A polymeric microfluidic chip for CE\/MS determination of small molecules","volume":"73","author":"Kameoka","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)00901-3","article-title":"Microfabrication of polydimethylsiloxane electrospray ionization emitters","volume":"924","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3993::AID-ELPS3993>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Miniaturized multichannel electrospray ionization emitters on poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic devices","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/S1044-0305(01)00219-7","article-title":"Microfabricated pdms multichannel emitter for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0231(20000815)14:15<1377::AID-RCM31>3.0.CO;2-2","article-title":"Integration of immobilized trypsin bead beds for protein digestion within a microfluidic chip incorporating capillary electrophoresis separations and an electrospray mass spectrometry interface","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom."},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4028","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010173m","article-title":"Basicity of the amino groups of the aminoglycoside amikacin using capillary electrophoresis and coupled CE\u2013MS\u2013MS techniques","volume":"73","author":"Kane","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001474j","article-title":"Integrated plastic microfluidic devices with ESI\u2013MS for drug screening and residue analysis","volume":"73","author":"Jiang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200101)22:2<283::AID-ELPS283>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"High-speed separation system of randomly suspended single living cells by laser trap and dielectrophoresis","volume":"22","author":"Arai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3972","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(200110)22:18<3972::AID-ELPS3972>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"A disposable poly(methylmethacrylate)-based microfluidic module for protein identification by nanoelectrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2648","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001126h","article-title":"Integrated microfluidic system enabling protein digestion, peptide separation, and protein identification","volume":"73","author":"Gao","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(87)55023-6","article-title":"Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction","volume":"155","author":"Mullis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB157","series-title":"The Polymerase Chain Reaction","year":"1994"},{"issue":"5366","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1126\/science.280.5366.1046","article-title":"Chemical amplification: continuous-flow PCR on a chip","volume":"280","author":"Kopp","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4081","DOI":"10.1021\/ac960718q","article-title":"Functional integration of pcr amplification and capillary electrophoresis in a microfabricated DNA analysis device","volume":"68","author":"Wooley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1997.2530","article-title":"Integrated cell isolation and polymerase chain reaction analysis using silicon microfilter chambers","volume":"257","author":"Wilding","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1998.0212","article-title":"Solid-phase sequence scanning for drug resistance detection in tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"Head","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Probes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160100964","article-title":"Chips and qi: microcomponent-based analysis in traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"371","author":"Carles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fresenius J. Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.2001.00010.x","article-title":"Microarray technology: the future of blood testing?","volume":"80","author":"Petrik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1021\/ac991471a","article-title":"Integrated system for rapid PCR-based DNA analysis in microfluidic devices","volume":"72","author":"Khandurina","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"10\u201311","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-5663(99)00060-3","article-title":"A microfluidic cartridge to prepare spores for PCR analysis","volume":"14","author":"Belgrader","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biosens. Bioelectron."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001026b","article-title":"Single-molecule DNA amplification and analysis in an integrated microfluidic device","volume":"73","author":"Lagally","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1021\/ac001508n","article-title":"Detection of viable cryptosporidium parvum using DNA-modified liposomes in a microfluidic chip","volume":"73","author":"Esch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)00828-7","article-title":"Capillary-based fully integrated and automated system for nanoliter polymerase chain reaction analysis directly from cheek cells","volume":"924","author":"He","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2001.5043","article-title":"Analysis of recombinant adenoviruses using an integrated microfluidic chip-based system","volume":"291","author":"McCaman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2000.4974","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction in polymeric microchips: DNA amplification in less than 240 s","volume":"291","author":"Giordano","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"issue":"5441","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5441.942","article-title":"Field-effect flow control for microfabricated fluidic networks","volume":"286","author":"Schasfoort","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4000","DOI":"10.1021\/ac9903959","article-title":"Microfabricated capillary electrophoresis amino acid chirality analyzer for extraterrestrial exploration","volume":"71","author":"Hutt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"6840","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1038\/35082026","article-title":"Liquid marbles","volume":"411","author":"Aussillous","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4117","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010370l","article-title":"Temperature measurement in microfluidic systems using a temperature-dependent fluorescent dye","volume":"73","author":"Ross","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/1350-4533(95)00081-X","article-title":"Modelling nanoscale fluid dynamics and transport in physiological flows","volume":"18","author":"Ciofalo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med. Eng. Phys."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1021\/ac961123y","article-title":"Representing primary electrophoretic data in the 1\/time domain: comparison to representations in the time domain","volume":"69","author":"Mammen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R45","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.61.R45","article-title":"Pumping liquids using asymmetric electrode arrays","volume":"61","author":"Ajdari","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3512","DOI":"10.1021\/ac991474n","article-title":"Computer simulations of electrokinetic injection techniques in microfluidic devices","volume":"72","author":"Ermakov","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<100::AID-ELPS100>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Effects of the electric field distribution on microchip valving performance","volume":"21","author":"Alarie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.84.3314","article-title":"Patterning electroosmotic flow with patterned surface charge","volume":"84","author":"Stroock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0101398","article-title":"Electroosmotic flows in microchannels with finite inertial and pressure forces","volume":"73","author":"Santiago","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4079","DOI":"10.1021\/ac010217r","article-title":"Microchip injection and separation anomalies due to pressure effects","volume":"73","author":"Crabtree","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00223-5_BIB183","first-page":"016301","article-title":"Transverse electrokinetic and microfluidic effects in micropatterned channels: lubrication analysis for slab geometries","volume":"65","author":"Ajdari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E. Stat. Nonlin. Soft Matter Phys."}],"container-title":["Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0169409X02002235?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0169409X02002235?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T22:22:38Z","timestamp":1584483758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0169409X02002235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"references-count":183,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0169409X02002235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0169-409x(02)00223-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0169-409X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0169-409X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]}}}