{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T03:30:07Z","timestamp":1784086207204,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]],"date-time":"2004-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1091318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European Journal of Operational Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0377-2217(03)00191-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,31]],"date-time":"2003-07-31T23:44:52Z","timestamp":1059695092000},"page":"242-245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":513,"title":["Modeling undesirable factors in efficiency evaluation: Comment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Rolf","family":"F\u00e4re","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawna","family":"Grosskopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1006\/jema.1997.0146","article-title":"Productivity and undesirable outputs: A directional distance function approach","volume":"51","author":"Chung","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Management"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB2","series-title":"Multi-Output Production and Duality: Theory and Applications","author":"F\u00e4re","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/0002-9092.00181","article-title":"Non-parametric productivity analysis with undesirable outputs: An application to the Canadian pulp and paper industry","volume":"83","author":"Hailu","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(01)00293-4","article-title":"Modeling undesirable factors in efficiency evaluation","volume":"142","author":"Seiford","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Operational Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB5","series-title":"Theory of Cost and Production Functions","author":"Shephard","year":"1970"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0377-2217(03)00191-7_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01289147","article-title":"The law of diminishing returns","volume":"34","author":"Shephard","year":"1974","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr National\u00f6konomie"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Operational Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0377221703001917?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0377221703001917?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,17]],"date-time":"2019-03-17T07:54:47Z","timestamp":1552809287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0377221703001917"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0377221703001917"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0377-2217(03)00191-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0377-2217"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0377-2217","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}