{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T02:00:39Z","timestamp":1772503239445,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,9,1]],"date-time":"1985-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":494380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1985,9,1]],"date-time":"1985-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":494380800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Systematic and Applied Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0723-2020(85)80052-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,31]],"date-time":"2012-01-31T07:18:31Z","timestamp":1327994311000},"page":"183-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":389,"title":["Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and Related Streptococci to the Genus Lactococcus gen. nov."],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"K.H.","family":"Schleifer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dvorak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Kilpper-B\u00e4lz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.D.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib1","first-page":"565","article-title":"Numerical taxonomy of streptococci","volume":"129","author":"Bridge","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.134.1.229-236.1978","article-title":"Superoxide dismutase and oxygen metabolism in Streptococcus faecalis and comparisons with other organisms","volume":"134","author":"Britton","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1128\/mr.45.2.316-354.1981","article-title":"Distribution of isoprenoid quinone structural types in bacteria and their taxonomic implications","volume":"45","author":"Collins","year":"1981","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-100-2-221","article-title":"Distribution of menaquinones in actinomycetes and corynebacteria","volume":"100","author":"Collins","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib5","first-page":"358","article-title":"New highly saturated members of the vitamin K2 series from Thermomonospora","volume":"3","author":"Collins","year":"1982","journal-title":"Zbl. Bakt. Hyg., I. Abt. Orig. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib6","first-page":"3427","article-title":"Streptococcus garvieae sp.nov and Streptococcus plantarum sp.nov.","volume":"129","author":"Collins","year":"1983","journal-title":"J.Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-34-2-220","article-title":"Enterococcus avium sp.nov., nom.rev.; E casseliflavus sp.nov., nom.rev.; E. durans sp.nov., nom.rev.; E. gallinarum comb.nov. and E. malodoratus sp.nov.","volume":"34","author":"Collins","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int. J. system. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(84)80041-7","article-title":"Taxonomic studies on streptococci of serological groups E, P, U and V Description of Streptococcus porcinus sp.nov.","volume":"5","author":"Collins","year":"1984","journal-title":"System. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib9","series-title":"Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology","first-page":"490","article-title":"Genus I. Streptococcus","author":"Deibel","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib10","first-page":"1423","article-title":"Taxonomic studies on some group D streptococci","volume":"129","author":"Farrow","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(77)90045-5","article-title":"The polar lipids of group B streptococci I. Glycosylated diphosphatidylglycerol, a novel glycophospholipid","volume":"487","author":"Fischer","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib12","series-title":"Chemistry and Biological Activities of Bacterial Surface Amphiphiles","first-page":"209","article-title":"Glycerophosphoglycolipids, presumptive biosynthetic precursors of lipoteichoic acids","author":"Fischer","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib13","first-page":"555","article-title":"Glyceroglycolipids","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"Fischer","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(78)90019-X","article-title":"On the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids in Gram-positive bacteria II. Structures of glycerophosphoglycolipids","volume":"528","author":"Fischer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-3084(78)90058-0","article-title":"The structure of acyl-\u03b1-kojibiosylglycerol from Streptococcus lactis","volume":"21","author":"Fischer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(78)90018-8","article-title":"On the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids in Gram-positive bacteria I. The occurrence of phosphoglycolipids","volume":"528","author":"Fischer","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(79)90108-5","article-title":"Studies on the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids IV. Trigalactosylglycerophospho-acylkojibiosyldiacylglycerol and related compounds from Streptococcus lactis Kiel 42172","volume":"575","author":"Fischer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4557","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)85529-1","article-title":"Alanine estercontaining native lipoteichoic acids do not act as lipoteichoic acid carrier","volume":"255","author":"Fischer","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.146.2.467-475.1981","article-title":"Effect of alanine ester substitution and other structural features of lipoteichoic acids on their inhibitory activity against autolysins of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"146","author":"Fischer","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07495.x","article-title":"Improved preparation of lipoteichoic acids","volume":"133","author":"Fischer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Europ. J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-28-2-190","article-title":"Streptococcus raffinolactis (Orla-Jensen and Hansen), a group N streptococcus found in raw milk","volume":"28","author":"Garvie","year":"1978","journal-title":"Int. J. system. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-32-4-453","article-title":"Streptococcus lactis subsp cremoris (Orla-Jensen) comb. nov. and Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetilactis (Matuszewski et al.) nom.rev., comb. nov.","volume":"32","author":"Garvie","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int. J. system. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib23","first-page":"151","article-title":"A taxonomic study of some strains of streptococci which grow at 10\u00b0C but not at 45\u00b0C including Streptococcus lactis and Streptococcus cremoris","volume":"2","author":"Garvie","year":"1981","journal-title":"Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. I. Abt. Orig. C"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3412\/jsb.29.387","article-title":"Distribution of motile streptococci in feces of man and animals and in river and sea water","volume":"29","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1974","journal-title":"Jap. J. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib25","first-page":"207","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of motile group N streptococci","volume":"18","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Fac. Appl. Biol. Sci. Hiroshima Univ."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.41.1.77-83.1981","article-title":"Deoxyribonucleic acid homology among lactic streptococci","volume":"41","author":"Jarvis","year":"1981","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(81)82721-X","article-title":"Biochemistry and genetics of citrate utilization in Streptococcus lactis ssp.diacetylactis","volume":"64","author":"Kempler","year":"1918","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1981.tb06271.x","article-title":"DNA-rRNA hybridization studies among staphylococci and some other Gram-positive bacteria","volume":"10","author":"Kilpper-B\u00e4lz","year":"1981","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1984.tb01334.x","article-title":"Nucleic acid hybridization and cell wall composition studies of pyogenic streptococci","volume":"24","author":"Kilpper-B\u00e4lz","year":"1984","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1980.tb05080.x","article-title":"Nucleic acid homology studies between Peptococccus saccharolyticus and various anaerobic and facultative anaerobic Gram-positive cocci","volume":"8","author":"Kilpper","year":"1980","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01568807","article-title":"Nucleic acid hybridization of group N and group D streptococci","volume":"7","author":"Kilpper-B\u00e4lz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(84)80006-5","article-title":"Relatedness of \u2018Streptococcus milleri\u2019 with Streptococcus anginosus and Streptococcus constellatus","volume":"5","author":"Kilpper-B\u00e4lz","year":"1984","journal-title":"System. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5275","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00617a030","article-title":"Acyldiglucosyldiacylglycerol-containing lipoteichoic acid with a poly(3-0-galabiosyl-2-0-galactosyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate) chain from Streptococcus lactis Kiel 42172","volume":"17","author":"Koch","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature (Lond.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(78)90068-1","article-title":"On the relationship between glycerophosphoglycolipids and lipoteichoic acids of Gram-positive bacteria III. Di (glycerophospho)-acylkojibiosyldiacylglycerol and related compounds from Streptococcus lactis NCDO 712","volume":"529","author":"Laine","year":"1978","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-27-4-362","article-title":"Lactobacillus hordniae a new species from the leaf hopper (Hordnia circellata)","volume":"27","author":"Lattore-Guzmann","year":"1977","journal-title":"Int. J. system. Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib37","first-page":"543","article-title":"The phylogenetic position of Streptococcus and Enterococcus","volume":"131","author":"Ludwig","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1128\/am.28.1.80-85.1974","article-title":"Comparison of rapid methods for analysis of bacterial fatty acids","volume":"28","author":"Moss","year":"1974","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1515\/bchm2.1977.358.2.1439","article-title":"The glycolipids of Lactobacillus casei DSM 20021","volume":"358","author":"Nakano","year":"1977","journal-title":"Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib40","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trihexosyldiacylglycerol and acyltrihexosyldiacylglycerol as lipid anchors of the lipoteichoic acid of Lactobacillus casei DSM 20021","volume":"359","author":"Nakano","year":"1978","journal-title":"Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib41","first-page":"6","article-title":"The bacteriological flora of spontaneously soured milk and of commercial starters for butter making","volume":"86","author":"Orla-Jensen","year":"1932","journal-title":"Zbl. Bakt. II. Abt."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61823-X","article-title":"The dependence of immunological cross-reactivity upon sequence resemblance among lysozymes I. Microcomplement fixation studies","volume":"246","author":"Prager","year":"1971","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429631","article-title":"Comparative immunological study of catalases in the genus Micrococcus","volume":"144","author":"Rupprecht","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00413273","article-title":"A comparative immunological study of catalases from coagulase-positive staphylococci","volume":"120","author":"Rupprecht","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00416934","article-title":"Zur chemischen Zusammensetzung der Zellwand der Streptokokken","volume":"57","author":"Schleifer","year":"1967","journal-title":"Arch. Mikrobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1128\/br.36.4.407-477.1972","article-title":"Peptidoglycan types of bacterial cell walls and their taxonomic implications","volume":"36","author":"Schleifer","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bact. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-34-1-31","article-title":"Transfer of Streptococcus faecalis and Streptococcus faecium to the genus Enterococcus nom.rev as Enterococcus faecalis comb.nov. and Enterococcus faecium comb.nov.","volume":"34","author":"Schleifer","year":"1984","journal-title":"Int. J. system, Bact."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00408051","article-title":"Relatedness among coagulase-negative staphylococci: deoxyribonucleic acid reassociation and comparative immunological studies","volume":"122","author":"Schleifer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345840630080701","article-title":"Relatedness and classification of Streptococcus mutans and \u201cmutans-like\u201d streptococci","volume":"63","author":"Schleifer","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1126\/science.46620","article-title":"Lipoteichoic acids \u2014 a new class of bacterial antigen","volume":"187","author":"Wicken","year":"1974","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.11.5.973-981.1975","article-title":"Characterization of group N Streptococcus lipoteichoic acid","volume":"11","author":"Wicken","year":"1975","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1984.tb00218.x","article-title":"Distribution of superoxide dismutases, oxidases and NADH peroxidases in various streptococci","volume":"21","author":"Zitzelsberger","year":"1984","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."}],"container-title":["Systematic and Applied Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0723202085800527?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0723202085800527?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T08:21:47Z","timestamp":1759998107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0723202085800527"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0723202085800527"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0723-2020(85)80052-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0723-2020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0723-2020","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Transfer of Streptococcus lactis and Related Streptococci to the Genus Lactococcus gen. nov.","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Systematic and Applied Microbiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0723-2020(85)80052-7","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1985 Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart\/New York. Published by Elsevier GmbH All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}