{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T17:25:00Z","timestamp":1776446700977,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]],"date-time":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":859852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]],"date-time":"1997-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":859852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite its current popularity and relative success, endoscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) using a bone\u2010patellar tendon\u2010bone (BPTB) graft has not yet been perfected. Using a recently developed robotic\/UFS testing system, we assessed the overall stability of porcine knees following ACL reconstruction with different sites of tibial graft fixation\u2014proximal, central, and distal. Testing of the intact knee was performed first to determine the normal anterior\u2010posterior (A\u2010P) displacements and in situ forces of the ACL under 110 N of anterior tibial loading at 30\u00b0, 60\u00b0, and 90\u00b0 of knee flexion. The knee was then reconstructed with a BPTB autograft, and the distal end of the graft was fixed sequentially at three different locations in each specimen\u2014proximal, central, distal. A\u2010P testing was repeated for each fixation site, and the resulting knee kinematics and the in situ forces of the grafts were compared to the intact case. The site of tibial fixation was demonstrated to have a significant effect on the resulting anterior displacement and internal rotation of the tibia as well as the in situ forces of the graft. Proximal fixation produced the most stable knee (A\u2010P displacements reduced to 120% of intact at 30\u00b0 and 170% at 90\u00b0), becoming significantly less stable with more distal fixation. These results suggest that proximal graft fixation may provide the most acute stability of the reconstructed knee.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/s0749-8063(97)90152-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,27]],"date-time":"2004-05-27T01:25:34Z","timestamp":1085621134000},"page":"177-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":224,"title":["The effect of anterior cruciate ligament graft fixation site at the tibia on knee stability: Evaluation using a robotic testing system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Ishibashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Theodore W.","family":"Rudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Glen A.","family":"Livesay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Freddie H.","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]},{"given":"Savio L.\u2010Y.","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Musculoskeletal Research Center Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A."}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1026066"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The incidence of knee ligament injuries in the general population","volume":"4","author":"Miyasaka KC","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Knee Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198466030-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567020-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198612000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678709146509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1048-6666(06)80091-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00013611-198801000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Technical pitfalls of single incision arthroscopic\u2010assisted ACL ligament reconstruction","volume":"2","author":"Meade TD","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Arthroscopy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"469","article-title":"Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autografts","volume":"10","author":"Paulos LE","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1048-6666(06)80089-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(05)80499-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"CDMorgan.Bone\u2010hamstring\u2010bone ACL autograft reconstruction.Ed. 2AANA (Specialty Day Meeting)1994;116\u2013120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(96)00056-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2895477"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"647","article-title":"The use of robotic technology to examine the in\u2010situ forces in the ACL","volume":"20","author":"Livesay GA","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trans ORS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"87a","article-title":"A new testing system to measure in situ forces in the ACL","author":"Woo SL\u2010Y","year":"1994","journal-title":"2nd World Congress of Biomechanics"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Functional evaluation of various animal models for the human ACL","volume":"20","author":"Xerogeanes JW","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trans ORS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Anatomy and function of the cruciate ligaments of the domestic pig (Sus scrofa domestica): A comparison with human cruciates","volume":"178","author":"Fuss FK","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Anatomy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"A new model for the evaluation of cruciate ligament reconstruction fixation","volume":"19","author":"Liu SH","year":"1994","journal-title":"Trans ORS"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659101900303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-8063(95)90104-3"}],"container-title":["Arthroscopy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806397901523?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749806397901523?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/S0749-8063%2897%2990152-3","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/S0749-8063%2897%2990152-3","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T09:00:01Z","timestamp":1773565201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/S0749-8063%2897%2990152-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/S0749-8063(97)90152-3"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0749-8063(97)90152-3","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-8063","1526-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-8063","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,4]]}}}