{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T10:28:25Z","timestamp":1773829705823,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s0893-6080(02)00214-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,12]],"date-time":"2003-02-12T06:53:31Z","timestamp":1045032811000},"page":"11-23","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Learning to generate articulated behavior through the bottom-up and the top-down interaction processes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Tani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB1","series-title":"Sequence learning","article-title":"Multiple forward model architecture for sequence processing","author":"Bapi","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(05)80053-X","article-title":"Recognition of manipulated objects by motor learning with modular architecture networks","volume":"6","author":"Gomi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1162\/089976601750541778","article-title":"MOSAIC model for sensorimotor learning and control","volume":"13","author":"Haruno","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735","article-title":"Long short-term memory","volume":"9","author":"Hochreiter","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1991.3.1.79","article-title":"Adaptive mixtures of local experts","volume":"3","author":"Jacobs","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB6","series-title":"Proceedings of Eighth Annual Conference of Cognitive Science Society","author":"Jordan","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1603_1","article-title":"Forward models: Supervised learning with a distal teacher","volume":"16","author":"Jordan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00364149","article-title":"A hierarchical neural network model for the control and learning of voluntary movement","volume":"57","author":"Kawato","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biological Cybernetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1109\/70.338535","article-title":"Learning by watching: Extracting reusable task knowledge from visual observation of human performance","volume":"10","author":"Kuniyoshi","year":"1994","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-7421(08)60536-8","article-title":"Catastrophic interference in connectionist network","volume":"24","author":"McCloskey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychological Learning Motivation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1996.8.2.340","article-title":"Annealed competition of experts for a segmentation and classification of switching dynamics","volume":"8","author":"Pawelzik","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neural Computation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB12","series-title":"Parallel distributed processing","article-title":"Learning internal representations by error propagation","author":"Rumelhart","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB14","series-title":"Sequence learning","article-title":"Automatic segmentation of sequences through hierarchical reinforcement learning","author":"Sun","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB16","unstructured":"Tani, J (2002). Self-organization of behavioral primitives as multiple attractor dynamics: A robot experiment. IEEE Trans. SMC (B) (in press)."},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB15","article-title":"Learning to perceive the world as articulated: An approach for hierarchical learning in sensory-motor systems","volume":"vol. 5","author":"Tani","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1109\/5.58329","article-title":"Complex sequence learning based on short-term memory","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proceedings of IEEE"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1109\/72.548174","article-title":"Incremental learning of complex temporal patterns","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"1996","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1109\/5.58337","article-title":"Backpropagation through time: What does it mean and how to do it","volume":"78","author":"Werbos","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proceedings of IEEE"},{"key":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(02)00214-9_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-6080(98)00066-5","article-title":"Multiple paired forward and inverse models for motor control","volume":"11","author":"Wolpert","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neural Networks"}],"container-title":["Neural Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0893608002002149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0893608002002149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T01:22:08Z","timestamp":1553908928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0893608002002149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0893608002002149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0893-6080(02)00214-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-6080"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-6080","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]}}}