{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:19:37Z","timestamp":1772752777431,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,1]],"date-time":"2003-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1064966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Digital Signal Processing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1051-2004(02)00032-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,30]],"date-time":"2002-12-30T13:18:07Z","timestamp":1041254287000},"page":"636-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Phase-based optimal image thresholding"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Belkasim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"O.A.","family":"Basir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB001","series-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S.O. Belkasim, Shape-contour recognition using moment invariant, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Windsor, 1990","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.1990.118181"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB003","first-page":"630","article-title":"Picture thresholding using iterative selection methods","volume":"SMC-8","author":"Ridler","year":"1978","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1109\/34.55109","article-title":"Invariant image recognition by Zernike moments","volume":"PAMI-5","author":"Khotanzd","year":"1990","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.M. Obaid, A new method for the optical character recognition of arabic printed texts, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Measurement and Instrumentation, University of Budapest, 1997","DOI":"10.1109\/INES.1997.632416"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(91)90140-Z","article-title":"Pattern recognition with moment invariant: a comparative study and new results","volume":"24","author":"Belkasim","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4809(72)90070-5","article-title":"Automatic boundary detection of left vertical from cineangiogram","volume":"5","author":"Chow","year":"1972","journal-title":"Comput. Biomed. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB008","article-title":"Computerized boundary detection using a hopfield neural network","volume":"16","author":"Zhu","year":"1997","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB009","series-title":"Proceedings of the 40th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Sacramento, CA, Vol. 111","article-title":"Post processing of separated signals for feature extraction and identifications","author":"Belkasim","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB010","article-title":"Feature extraction of manufactured parts in presence of spurious surface reflections","volume":"7","author":"Chottera","year":"1982","journal-title":"Canad. J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB011","series-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"Pratt","year":"1978"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1145\/321119.321123","article-title":"Operations useful for similarity-invariant pattern recognition","volume":"9","author":"Dolye","year":"1962","journal-title":"Comm. Amer. Assoc. Comput. Machin."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1979.4310076","article-title":"A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms","volume":"SMC-9","author":"Otsu","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1985.6313443","article-title":"On threshold selection using clustering criteria","volume":"SMC-15","author":"Kittler","year":"1985","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8655(89)90062-7","article-title":"Gray-level thresholding of images using a correlation criterion","volume":"9","author":"Brink","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pattern Recogn."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB016","series-title":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Pattern Recognition","article-title":"Connectionist model binarization","author":"Babaguhi","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1982.4767203","article-title":"Threshold selection using quadtrees","volume":"PAMI-4","author":"Wu","year":"1982","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intelligence"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1109\/T-C.1974.223858","article-title":"Threshold selection technique","volume":"23","author":"Weszka","year":"1974","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1109\/TC.1978.1675208","article-title":"Image segmentation by pixel classification in (gray-level, gradient) space","volume":"27","author":"Panda","year":"1978","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB020","first-page":"38","article-title":"Histogram modification for threshold selection","volume":"SMC-9","author":"Weaszka","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB021","first-page":"860","article-title":"A note on the use of (gray-level, local average gray-level) space as an aid in threshold selection","volume":"SMC-9","author":"Kirby","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybernet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB022","article-title":"New method for contour detection and automatic thresholding","volume":"20","author":"Blekasm","year":"1995","journal-title":"Canad. J. Electr. Comput. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB023","series-title":"Proceedings of the 7th International Pattern Recognition Conference, Montreal, Canada","first-page":"287","article-title":"An automatic thresholding algorithm and its performance","author":"Kittler","year":"1984"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1980.1163463","article-title":"Signal reconstruction from phase or magnitude","volume":"ASSP-28","author":"Hayes","year":"1980","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1982.1163863","article-title":"The reconstruction of a multidimensional sequence from the phase or magnitude of its Fourier","volume":"ASSP-30","author":"Hays","year":"1982","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1051-2004(02)00032-5_BIB026","series-title":"Digital Image Processing","author":"Gonzalez","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["Digital Signal Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1051200402000325?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1051200402000325?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T10:58:59Z","timestamp":1553943539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1051200402000325"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1051200402000325"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1051-2004(02)00032-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-2004"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-2004","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,10]]}}}