{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T14:53:22Z","timestamp":1770130402932,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]],"date-time":"2003-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1054425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00098-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,5,1]],"date-time":"2003-05-01T00:30:49Z","timestamp":1051749049000},"page":"210-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":161,"title":["Does excessive memory load attenuate activation in the prefrontal cortex? Load-dependent processing in single and dual tasks: functional magnetic resonance imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Susanne M","family":"Jaeggi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ria","family":"Seewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Arto C","family":"Nirkko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Doris","family":"Eckstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Schroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Groner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Gutbrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.060588897","article-title":"Functional neuroanatomy of executive processes involved in dual-task performance","volume":"97","author":"Adcock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1037\/h0044049","article-title":"Methodological considerations in the quantitative study of shape and pattern perception","volume":"53","author":"Attneave","year":"1956","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB3","series-title":"Working Memory","author":"Baddeley","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/114.6.2521","article-title":"The decline of working memory in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. A longitudinal study","volume":"114","author":"Baddeley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.11.2.187","article-title":"Dual-task performance in dysexecutive and nondysexecutive patients with a frontal lesion","volume":"11","author":"Baddeley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(97)00072-9","article-title":"Dissociating working memory from task difficulty in human prefrontal cortex","volume":"35J.D.","author":"Barch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0247","article-title":"A parametric study of prefrontal cortex involvement in human working memory","volume":"5","author":"Braver","year":"1997","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1037\/h0047313","article-title":"A mechanical model for human attention and immediate memory","volume":"64","author":"Broadbent","year":"1957","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3573","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.050583797","article-title":"A resource model of the neural basis of executive working memory","volume":"97","author":"Bunge","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/9.1.20","article-title":"Physiological characteristics of capacity constraints in working memory as revealed by functional MRI","volume":"9","author":"Callicott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1996.8.6.566","article-title":"MRI-based topographic parcellation of human neocortex","volume":"8","author":"Caviness","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03204507","article-title":"PsyScope","volume":"25","author":"Cohen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1038\/386604a0","article-title":"Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task","volume":"386","author":"Cohen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB14","series-title":"Human Brain Anatomy in Computerized Images","author":"Damasio","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB15","series-title":"Handbook of Functional Neuroimaging of Cognition","first-page":"293","article-title":"Working Memory","author":"D\u2019Esposito","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(99)00021-4","article-title":"The dependence of span and delayed-response performance on prefrontal cortex","volume":"37","author":"D\u2019Esposito","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(98)00004-4","article-title":"Functional MRI studies of spatial and nonspatial working memory","volume":"7","author":"D\u2019Esposito","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cogn. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/378279a0","article-title":"The neural basis of the central executive system of working memory","volume":"378","author":"D\u2019Esposito","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.5.849","article-title":"Frontal lobes and human memory. Insights from functional neuroimaging","volume":"124","author":"Fletcher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0630","article-title":"Non-linear responses in fMRI","volume":"12","author":"Friston","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(96)00054-7","article-title":"The role of the prefrontal cortex in higher cognitive functions","volume":"5","author":"Frith","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res. Cogn. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(93)90119-G","article-title":"Neuroelectric evidence for distributed processing in human working memory","volume":"87","author":"Gevins","year":"1993","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0338","article-title":"Uncoupling cognitive workload and prefrontal cortical physiology","volume":"7","author":"Goldberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB24","unstructured":"Gopher, D. and Donchin, E. 1986. Workload\u2014an examination of the concept, in: Boff, K.R., Kaufman, L., Thomas, J.P. (Eds.), Handbook of Human Perception and Performance, Vol. 2, Cognitive Processes and Performance, Wiley, New York, pp. 41-1\u201341-49"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1994.1206","article-title":"The will and the brain","volume":"171","author":"Ingvar","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Theor. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1997.9.4.462","article-title":"Verbal working memory load affects regional brain activation as measured by PET","volume":"9","author":"Jonides","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0826","article-title":"Interdependence of nonoverlapping cortical systems in dual cognitive tasks","volume":"14","author":"Just","year":"2001","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB28","series-title":"Attention and Effort","author":"Kahneman","year":"1973"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.3.223","article-title":"The neural bases of sentence comprehension","volume":"11","author":"Keller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/8.7.593","article-title":"Concurrent performance of two working memory tasks","volume":"8","author":"Klingberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(97)00010-4","article-title":"Interference between two concurrent tasks is associated with activation of overlapping field in the cortex","volume":"6","author":"Klingberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cognit. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(97)00082-1","article-title":"Working memory impairments in traumatic brain injury","volume":"35","author":"McDowell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.1036","article-title":"fMRI investigation of sentence comprehension by eye and by ear","volume":"13","author":"Michael","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.86.3.214","article-title":"On the economy of the human-processing system","volume":"86","author":"Navon","year":"1979","journal-title":"Psychol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S919","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(00)91847-0","article-title":"A small software utility for fully automated download and evaluation of fMRI data","volume":"11","author":"Nirkko","year":"2000","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0739","article-title":"Different ipsilateral representations for distal and proximal movements in the sensorimotor cortex","volume":"13","author":"Nirkko","year":"2001","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness","volume":"9","author":"Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB38","series-title":"Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci","author":"Ono","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/6.1.31","article-title":"Evidence for a two-stage model of spatial working memory processing within the lateral frontal cortex","volume":"6","author":"Owen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7721","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.13.7721","article-title":"Functional organization of spatial and nonspatial working memory processing within the human lateral frontal cortex","volume":"95","author":"Owen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/362342a0","article-title":"The neural correlates of the verbal component of working memory","volume":"362","author":"Paulesu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-01-00359.1995","article-title":"Impairments on non-spatial self-ordered and externally ordered working memory tasks after lesions of the mid-dorsal part of the lateral frontal cortex in the monkey","volume":"15","author":"Petrides","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB43","first-page":"59","article-title":"Frontal lobes of working memory","volume":"Vol. 9","author":"Petrides","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.3.873","article-title":"Dissociation of human mid-dorsolateral from posterior dorsolateral frontal cortex in memory processing","volume":"90","author":"Petrides","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.3.878","article-title":"Functional activation of the human prefrontal cortex during the performance of verbal working memory tasks","volume":"90","author":"Petrides","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1992.4.4.352","article-title":"Human cerebral cortex","volume":"4","author":"Rademacher","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5343.1616","article-title":"Modulating irrelevant motion perception by varying attentional load in an unrelated task","volume":"278","author":"Rees","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0404","article-title":"Load-dependent roles of frontal brain regions in the maintenance of working memory","volume":"9","author":"Rypma","year":"1999","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.5.1617","article-title":"Regional brain activity during working memory tasks","volume":"119","author":"Salmon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0009","article-title":"PET evidence for an amodal verbal working memory system","volume":"3","author":"Schumacher","year":"1996","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/6.1.11","article-title":"Dissociating verbal and spatial working memory using PET","volume":"6","author":"Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.1997.0658","article-title":"Working memory","volume":"33","author":"Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cogn. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3739","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-10-03739.1997","article-title":"Attention to one or two features in left or right visual field","volume":"17","author":"Vanderberghe","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00098-3_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1037\/h0048723","article-title":"The association value of random shapes","volume":"3","author":"Vanderplas","year":"1959","journal-title":"J. Exp. Psychol."}],"container-title":["NeuroImage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053811903000983?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1053811903000983?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T17:36:27Z","timestamp":1584639387000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1053811903000983"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1053811903000983"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00098-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8119","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]}}}