{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T08:54:07Z","timestamp":1774342447337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,1]],"date-time":"2003-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1062374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NeuroImage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00332-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,3]],"date-time":"2003-09-03T13:14:48Z","timestamp":1062594888000},"page":"466-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["A disturbance of nonlinear interdependence in scalp EEG of subjects with first episode schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Breakspear","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.R","family":"Terry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.J","family":"Friston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.W.F","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.M","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J","family":"Brennan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB1","series-title":"Analysis of Observed Chaotic Data","author":"Abarbanel","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4528","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.53.4528","article-title":"Generalised synchronization of chaos","volume":"53","author":"Abarbanel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.38.3017","article-title":"Singular-value decomposition and the Grassberger-Procaccia algorithm","volume":"38","author":"Albano","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB4","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.9.781","article-title":"A unitary model of schizophrenia","volume":"56","author":"Andreasen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2789(99)00140-2","article-title":"A robust method for detecting interdependencies","volume":"134","author":"Arnhold","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB7","series-title":"Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias","author":"Bleuler","year":"1911"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB8","series-title":"Electrodermal Activity","author":"Boucsein","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0129-0657(01)00056-4","article-title":"Perception of odors by a nonlinear model of the olfactory bulb","volume":"11","author":"Breakspear","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Neural Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10011","article-title":"Nonlinear phase desynchronization in human EEG","volume":"15","author":"Breakspear","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1106","article-title":"Topographic organization of nonlinear interdependence in multichannel human EEG","volume":"16","author":"Breakspear","year":"2002","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(02)00051-2","article-title":"Detection and description of nonlinear interdependence in normal multichannel human EEG","volume":"113","author":"Breakspear","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB13","series-title":"Hemispheric Asymmetries of Function in Psychopathology","article-title":"Neurophysiological studies of schizophrenia, mania and depression","author":"Flor-Henry","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(88)90171-X","article-title":"Common reference coherence data are confounded by power and phase effects","volume":"69","author":"Fein","year":"1988","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB15","series-title":"Mass Action in the Nervous System","author":"Freeman","year":"1975"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011573","article-title":"Theoretical neurobiology and schizophrenia","volume":"52","author":"Friston","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2000.0560","article-title":"The labile brain. I. Neuronal transients and nonlinear coupling","volume":"355","author":"Friston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB18","first-page":"88","article-title":"Schizophrenia","volume":"3","author":"Friston","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460030405","article-title":"Characterising the complexity of neuronal interactions","volume":"3","author":"Friston","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB20","first-page":"108","article-title":"The coherence of the EEG in normal and schizophrenic subjects","volume":"49","author":"Giannitrapani","year":"1980","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB21","first-page":"125","article-title":"Schizophrenia and EEG spectral analysis","volume":"19","author":"Giannitrapani","year":"1979","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(83)90135-9","article-title":"A new method for off-line removal of ocular artifact","volume":"55","author":"Gratton","year":"1983","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1017\/S0048577298970512","article-title":"Prestimulus EEG alpha phase synchronicity influences N100 amplitude and reaction time","volume":"35","author":"Haig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459808986458","article-title":"The effect of paradigm on alpha frequency in schizophrenia","volume":"96","author":"Harris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.3109\/00207450109150689","article-title":"The topography of quantified electroencephalography in three syndromes of schizophrenia","volume":"107","author":"Harris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1952.sp004764","article-title":"A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve","volume":"117","author":"Hodgkin","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.12.1683","article-title":"Synaptic elimination, neurodevelopment, and the mechanism of hallucinated \u201cvoices\u201d in schizophrenia","volume":"154","author":"Hoffman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB28","series-title":"Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)","author":"Kay","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3403","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.45.3403","article-title":"Determining embedding dimension for phase space reconstruction using a geometrical reconstruction","volume":"45","author":"Kennel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB30","series-title":"Design and Analysis","author":"Keppel","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010146","article-title":"Calcium and potassium systems of a giant barnacle muscle fibre under membrane potential control","volume":"229","author":"Keynes","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2789(98)00258-9","article-title":"Nonlinear analyses of interictal EEG map the interdependencies in human focal epilepsy","volume":"127","author":"Le Van Quyen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.160.2.179","article-title":"Patterns of cerebral blood flow in schizophrenia","volume":"160","author":"Liddle","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(89)90147-9","article-title":"EEG coherence in unmedicated schizophrenic patients","volume":"25","author":"Merrin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Biol. Pschiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(81)84782-0","article-title":"Voltage oscillations in the barnacle giant muscle fiber","volume":"35","author":"Morris","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.159.5.636","article-title":"Coherence on electroencephalography and aberrant functional organization of the brain in schizophrenic patients during activation tasks","volume":"159","author":"Morrison-Stewart","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.170.5.411","article-title":"EEG coherence and syndromes in schizophrenia","volume":"170","author":"Norman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(97)00066-7","article-title":"EEG coherency I","volume":"103","author":"Nunez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(98)00043-1","article-title":"EEG coherency II","volume":"110","author":"Nunez","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s004220050304","article-title":"Nonlinearity in normal human EEG","volume":"75","author":"Palus","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.64.821","article-title":"Synchronization in chaotic systems","volume":"64","author":"Pecora","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(99)00048-9","article-title":"Multiple constraint organization in the brain","volume":"49","author":"Peled","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(96)00032-2","article-title":"Entropy quantification of human brain spatio-temporal dynamics","volume":"96","author":"Pezard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.73.951","article-title":"Generating surrogate data for time series with several simultaneously measured variables","volume":"73","author":"Pritchard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.56.826","article-title":"Propagation and stability of waves of electrical activity in the cerebral cortex","volume":"56","author":"Robinson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21903","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.63.021903","article-title":"Prediction of electroencephalographic spectra from neurophysiology","volume":"63","author":"Robinson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"041924","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.65.041924","article-title":"Dynamics of large-scale brain activity in normal arousal states and epileptic seizures","volume":"65","author":"Robinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/0375-9601(95)00335-Z","article-title":"Investigation of nonlinear structure in multichannel EEG","volume":"202","author":"Rombouts","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys. Lett. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.76.1804","article-title":"Phase synchronization of chaotic oscillators","volume":"76","author":"Rosenblum","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6708","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.54.6708","article-title":"Detecting dynamical interdependence and generalized synchrony through mutual prediction in a neural ensemble","volume":"54","author":"Schiff","year":"1996","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB51","series-title":"Hemispheric Asymmetries of Function in Psychopathology","article-title":"A comparison of schizophrenic and neurotic patients using EEG power and coherence","author":"Shaw","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(99)00099-1","article-title":"Dynamics of the alpha rhythm","volume":"110","author":"Stam","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stam, K., Breakspear, M., van Cappellen can Walsum, A.M., van Dijk, B.W., 2003. Nonlinear synchronization in EEG and whole-head MEG recordings of healthy subjects. Hum. Brain Mapp. 15, 175\u2013198","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10106"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Terry, J., Breakspear, M., 2002. An improved algorithm for the detection of dynamical interdependence in time series data Biol. Cybern. 88, 129\u2013136","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-002-0368-4"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-2789(92)90102-S","article-title":"Testing for nonlinearity","volume":"77","author":"Theiler","year":"1992","journal-title":"Physica D"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5033","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.11.5033","article-title":"A measure for brain complexity","volume":"91","author":"Tononi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(99)00056-9","article-title":"Schizophrenia and the mechanisms of conscious integration","volume":"31","author":"Tononi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218127496001338","article-title":"Synchronous chaos in high-dimensional modular neural networks","volume":"6","author":"Wennekers","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. J Chaos Bifurcations"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3109\/00207450009003264","article-title":"Late component ERPs are associated with distinct schizophrenic syndromes","volume":"105","author":"Williams","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291797005229","article-title":"Structural brain abnormalities in male schizophrenics reflect fronto-temporal dissociation","volume":"27","author":"Woodruff","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1053-8119(03)00332-X_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00355686","article-title":"State changes in the brain viewed as linear steady-states and nonlinear transitions between steady-states","volume":"53","author":"Wright","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."}],"container-title":["NeuroImage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105381190300332X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S105381190300332X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T04:25:54Z","timestamp":1551068754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S105381190300332X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S105381190300332X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00332-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1053-8119"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1053-8119","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}}}