{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T05:06:48Z","timestamp":1781672808178,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,6,1]],"date-time":"1999-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":928195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,17]],"date-time":"2013-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5191,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80072-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,1]],"date-time":"2004-05-01T09:50:07Z","timestamp":1083405007000},"page":"735-744","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":382,"title":["Reactive Oxygen Species Regulate Activation-Induced T Cell Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"David A","family":"Hildeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.Kent","family":"Teague","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Henson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kappler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippa C","family":"Marrack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16850","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.28.16850","article-title":"Fas-induced activation of the cell death-related protease CPP32 is inhibited by Bcl-2 and by ICE family protease inhibitors","volume":"271","author":"Armstrong","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/373441a0","article-title":"Cell-automonous Fas (CD95)\/Fas-ligand interaction mediates activation-induced apoptosis in T-cell hybridomas","volume":"373","author":"Brunner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3109\/10715769509147548","article-title":"Redox regulation of programmed cell death in lymphocytes","volume":"22","author":"Buttke","year":"1995","journal-title":"Free Radic. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830251212","article-title":"Mitochondrial perturbations define lymphocytes undergoing apoptotic depletion in vivo","volume":"25","author":"Castedo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-6568(98)00025-4","article-title":"Oxidant, mitochondria and calcium","volume":"11","author":"Chakraborti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3260001","article-title":"Caspases","volume":"326","author":"Cohen","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB7","first-page":"1227","article-title":"A metalloporphyrin superoxide dismutase mimetic protects against paraquat-induced endothelial cell injury, in vitro","volume":"275","author":"Day","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1997.0341","article-title":"Manganic porphyrins possess catalase activity and protect endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide-mediated injury","volume":"347","author":"Day","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.7.3375","article-title":"Caspase-independent cell death induced by anti-CD2 or staurosporine in activated human peripheral T lymphocytes","volume":"161","author":"Deas","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/373438a0","article-title":"Autocrine T-cell suicide mediated by APO-1\/(Fas\/CD95)","volume":"373","author":"Dhein","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00403-0","article-title":"Ex vivo induction of apoptosis in lymphocytes is mediated by oxidative stress","volume":"22","author":"Dobmeyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1995.1122","article-title":"The molecular mechanism of FasL-mediated cytotoxicity by CD4+ Th1 clones","volume":"163","author":"El-Khatib","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/34112","article-title":"A caspase-activated DNase that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD","volume":"391","author":"Enari","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4808","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.12.4808","article-title":"Involvement of caspases in neutrophil apoptosis","volume":"92","author":"Fadeel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB15","series-title":"The chemistry of oxygen radicals and other oxygen-derived species. In Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine","author":"Halliwell","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971001)50:1<69::AID-JNR8>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Need for caspases in apoptosis of trophic factor-deprived PC12 cells","volume":"50","author":"Haviv","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2468","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.5.2468","article-title":"Human Bak induces cell death in Schizosaccharomyces pombe with morphological changes similar to those with apoptosis in mammalian cells","volume":"17","author":"Ink","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1038\/373444a0","article-title":"Fas (CD95)\/Fas-ligand interactions required for programmed cell death after T-cell activation","volume":"373","author":"Ju","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830031011","article-title":"A rapid method for the isolation of functional thymus-derived murine lymphocytes","volume":"3","author":"Julius","year":"1973","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/349245a0","article-title":"Programmed cell death and extrathymic reduction of V\u03b28+ CD4+ T cells in mice tolerant to Staphylococcus enterotoxin B","volume":"349","author":"Kawabe","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60534-9","article-title":"Superantigens and their potential role in human disease","volume":"54","author":"Kotzin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Adv. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(97)80014-X","article-title":"Mitochondrial control of apoptosis","volume":"18","author":"Kroemer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.60.1.619","article-title":"The mitochondrial death\/life regulator in apoptosis and necrosis","volume":"60","author":"Kroemer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(96)02642-9","article-title":"ICE-protease inhibitors block murine liver injury and apoptosis caused by CD95 or by TNF-alpha","volume":"55","author":"Kunstle","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3948","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.9.3948","article-title":"In vivo CD4+ lymph node T cells from lpr mice generate CD4-CD8-B220+ TCR-beta low cells","volume":"153","author":"Laouar","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1038\/353858a0","article-title":"Interleukin-2 programs mouse alpha beta T lymphocytes for apoptosis","volume":"353","author":"Lenardo","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80434-1","article-title":"Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1\/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81590-1","article-title":"Cleavage of BID by caspase 8 mediates the mitochondria damage in the Fas pathway of apoptosis","volume":"94","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80085-9","article-title":"Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts","volume":"86","author":"Liu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80197-X","article-title":"DFF, a heterodimeric protein that functions downstream of caspase-3 to trigger DNA fragmentation during apoptosis","volume":"89","author":"Liu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81589-5","article-title":"Bid, a Bcl2 interacting protein, mediates cytochrome c release from mitochondria in response to activation of cell surface death receptors","volume":"94","author":"Luo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.136.1.215","article-title":"Inhibition of Ced-3\/ICE-related proteases does not prevent cell death induced by oncogenes, DNA damage, or the Bcl-2 homologue Bak","volume":"136","author":"McCarthey","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.110.18.2165","article-title":"Involvement of caspases in sympathetic neuron apoptosis","volume":"110","author":"McCarthy","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Cell. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0298-159","article-title":"A novel neurological phenotype in mice lacking mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase","volume":"18","author":"Melov","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260709","article-title":"Mechanisms of peripheral T cell deletion","volume":"26","author":"Miethke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80470-7","article-title":"Counting antigen-specific CD8 T cells","volume":"8","author":"Murali-Krishna","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/376037a0","article-title":"Identification and inhibition of the ICE\/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis","volume":"376","author":"Nicholson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-0134(00)80161-0","article-title":"Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by metalloporphyrins. III","volume":"15","author":"Pasternack","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7770","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.13.7770","article-title":"The overexpression of Bax produces cell death upon induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition","volume":"273","author":"Pastorino","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1998.71031068.x","article-title":"Inhibition of neuronal apoptosis by a metalloporphyrin superoxide dismutase mimic","volume":"71","author":"Patel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80052-5","article-title":"Requirement for superoxide in excitotoxic cell death","volume":"16","author":"Patel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.6.2445","article-title":"Different interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme (ICE) family protease requirements for the apoptotic death of T lymphocytes triggered by diverse stimuli","volume":"184","author":"Sarin","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.2.664","article-title":"Studies of T cell deletion and T cell anergy following in vivo administration of SEB to normal and lupus-prone mice","volume":"150","author":"Scott","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(94)90067-1","article-title":"The Fas antigen is involved in peripheral but not thymic deletion of T lymphocytes in T cell receptor transgenic mice","volume":"1","author":"Singer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/17135","article-title":"Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor","volume":"397","author":"Susin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2940719","article-title":"Oxidative damage to mitochondria is mediated by the Ca(2+)-dependent inner-membrane permeability transition","volume":"294","author":"Takeyama","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1038\/356768a0","article-title":"A novel heterodimeric cysteine protease is required for interleukin-1\u03b2 processing in monocytes","volume":"356","author":"Thornberry","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80440-9","article-title":"The roles of costimulation and Fas in T cell apoptosis and peripheral tolerance","volume":"4","author":"Van Parijs","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80478-1","article-title":"The Fas\/Fas ligand pathway and Bcl-2 regulate T cell responses to model self and foreign antigens","volume":"8","author":"Van Parijs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14559","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.25.14559","article-title":"BAX-induced cell death may not require interleukin-1\u03b2-converting enzyme-like proteases","volume":"93","author":"Xiang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.2.367","article-title":"Sequential reduction of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and generation of reactive oxygen species in early programmed cell death","volume":"182","author":"Zamzami","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.5.1661","article-title":"Reduction in mitochondrial potential constitutes an early irreversible step of programmed lymphocyte death in vivo","volume":"181","author":"Zamzami","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/377348a0","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis in mature T cells by tumour necrosis factor","volume":"377","author":"Zheng","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.2.763","article-title":"T cell growth cytokines cause the superinduction of molecules mediating antigen-induced T lymphocyte death","volume":"160","author":"Zheng","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0700872","article-title":"The potential role of peroxynitrite in the vascular contractile and cellular energetic failure in endotoxic shock","volume":"120","author":"Zingarelli","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80072-2_BIB56","first-page":"139","article-title":"The mitochondrial permeability transition","volume":"1241","author":"Zoratti","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Acta"}],"container-title":["Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761300800722?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761300800722?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]],"date-time":"2023-04-28T14:42:51Z","timestamp":1682692971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1074761300800722"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1074761300800722"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80072-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1074-7613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1074-7613","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,6]]}}}