{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:25:11Z","timestamp":1773285911858,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]],"date-time":"1997-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":880934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,12,1]],"date-time":"1997-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":880934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,11]],"date-time":"2002-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1018483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1592,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cell.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Immunity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80394-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,11]],"date-time":"2004-06-11T08:29:10Z","timestamp":1086942550000},"page":"753-763","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":832,"title":["Human Diversity in Killer Cell Inhibitory Receptor Genes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Markus","family":"Uhrberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas M","family":"Valiante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benny P","family":"Shum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heather G","family":"Shilling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Lienert-Weidenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Corliss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dolly","family":"Tyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lewis L","family":"Lanier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Parham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00241264","article-title":"Natural killer lectin-like receptors have divergent carboxy-termini, distinct from C-type lectins","volume":"39","author":"Adamkiewicz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00713968","article-title":"Natural killer cell receptor for HLA-B allotypes, NKB1","volume":"3","author":"Baker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chromosome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.2.605","article-title":"Single amino acid substitutions can influence the NK-mediated recognition of HLA-C molecules","volume":"182","author":"Biassoni","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.2.645","article-title":"The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C specific 'activatory' or 'inhibitory' natural killer cell receptors display highly homologous extracellular domains but differ in their transmembrane and intracytoplasmic portions","volume":"183","author":"Biassoni","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.4.795","article-title":"NKG2A complexed with CD94 defines a novel inhibitory natural killer cell receptor","volume":"185","author":"Brooks","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80300-3","article-title":"Recruitment of tyrosine phosphatase HCP by the killer cell inhibitory receptor","volume":"4","author":"Burshtyn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270230","article-title":"The CD94 and NKG2-A C-type lectins covalently assemble to form a natural killer cell inhibitory receptor for HLA class I molecules","volume":"27","author":"Carretero","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250904","article-title":"Molecular characterization of human CD94","volume":"25","author":"Chang","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.4.963","article-title":"Involvement of HLA class I alleles in natural killer (NK) cell-specific functions","volume":"176","author":"Ciccone","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7716543","article-title":"Cloning of Ig-superfamily members associated with HLA-C and HLA-B recognition by human natural killer cells","volume":"268","author":"Colonna","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7983","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.7983","article-title":"Alloantigen recognition by two human natural killer cell clones is associated with HLA-C or a closely linked gene","volume":"89","author":"Colonna","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8493555","article-title":"Generation of allospecific natural killer cells by stimulation across a polymorphism of HLA-C","volume":"260","author":"Colonna","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2306","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.5.2306","article-title":"Molecular cloning of NKB1","volume":"155","author":"D'Andrea","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02602590","article-title":"Alternatively spliced forms of human killer inhibitory receptors","volume":"44","author":"D\u00f6hring","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3098","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.9.3098","article-title":"A human killer inhibitory receptor specific for HLA-A","volume":"156","author":"D\u00f6hring","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1993.tb02196.x","article-title":"Structural heterogeneity in HLA-B70, a high-frequency antigen of black populations","volume":"42","author":"Domena","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.3.1133","article-title":"The Bw4 public epitope of HLA-B molecules confers reactivity with NK cell clones that express NKB1, a putative HLA receptor","volume":"181","author":"Gumperz","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.4.1817","article-title":"Heterogeneous phenotypes of expression of the NKB1 NK cell class I receptor among individuals of different HLA types appear genetically regulated, but not linked to MHC haplotype","volume":"183","author":"Gumperz","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.4.1017","article-title":"DNA sequence analysis of NKG2, a family of related cDNA clones encoding type II integral membrane proteins on human Natural killer cells","volume":"173","author":"Houchins","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3603","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.8.3603","article-title":"Natural killer cell cytolytic activity is inhibited by NKG2a and activated by NKG2c","volume":"158","author":"Houchins","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/358066a0","article-title":"MHC class I alloantigen specificity of Ly-49+ IL-2-activated natural killer cells","volume":"358","author":"Karlhofer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/319675a0","article-title":"Selective rejection of H-2-deficient lymphoma variants suggests alternative immune defence strategy","volume":"319","author":"K\u00e4rre","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(96)80585-8","article-title":"Inhibitory MHC class I receptors on NK cells and T cells","volume":"17","author":"Lanier","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1997.tb00947.x","article-title":"Arousal and inhibition of human NK cells","volume":"155","author":"Lanier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4741","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.11.4741","article-title":"Human natural killer cell receptors involved in MHC class I recognition are disulfide-linked heterodimers of CD94 and NKG2 subunits","volume":"157","author":"Lazetic","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.4.1321","article-title":"Specificity of HLA class I antigen recognition by human NK clones","volume":"178","author":"Litwin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.2.537","article-title":"NKB1","volume":"180","author":"Litwin","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ljunggren, H.G., and K\u00e4rre, K. (1990). In search of the 'missing self': MHC molecules and NK cell recognition. Immunol. Today 11, 237\u2013243.","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(90)90097-S"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(96)80590-1","article-title":"Inhibitory MHC class I receptors on NK and T cells","volume":"17","author":"Long","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1662","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.4.1662","article-title":"Tyrosine kinase-dependent activation of human NK cell functions upon stimulation through a 58-kDa surface antigen selectively expressed on discrete subsets of NK cells and T lymphocytes","volume":"152","author":"Melero","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.2.597","article-title":"P58 molecules as putative receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in human natural killer (NK) cells. Anti-p58 antibodies reconstitute lysis of MHC class I-protected cells in NK clones displaying different specificities","volume":"178","author":"Moretta","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.2.545","article-title":"Human natural killer cell receptors for HLA-class I molecules","volume":"180","author":"Moretta","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.3.875","article-title":"Existence of both inhibitory (p58) and activatory (p50) receptors for HLA-C molecules in human natural killer cells","volume":"182","author":"Moretta","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1994.1047","article-title":"The rise and fall of great class I genes","volume":"6","author":"Parham","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semin. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1995.tb00674.x","article-title":"The origins of HLA-A,B,C polymorphism","volume":"143","author":"Parham","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.505","article-title":"The natural killer cell receptor specific for HLA-A allotypes","volume":"184","author":"Pende","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80492-6","article-title":"CD94 and a novel associated protein (94AP) form a NK cell receptor involved in the recognition of HLA-A, -B, and -C allotypes","volume":"5","author":"Phillips","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02602558","article-title":"Genomic structure, chromosome location, and alternative splicing of the human NKG2A gene","volume":"44","author":"Plougastel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1996.tb02647.x","article-title":"NK cell receptor gene of the KIR family with two IG domains but highest homology to KIR receptors with three IG domains","volume":"48","author":"Selvakumar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02803.x","article-title":"Genomic organization and allelic polymorphism of the human killer cell inhibitory receptor gene KIR 103","volume":"49","author":"Selvakumar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2779","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.2779","article-title":"Unexpected beta2-microglobulin sequence diversity in individual rainbow trout","volume":"93","author":"Shum","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.6.1657","article-title":"NK susceptibility varies inversely with target cell class I HLA antigen expression","volume":"138","author":"Storkus","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1997.tb00948.x","article-title":"Killer cell receptors","volume":"155","author":"Valiante","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80393-3","article-title":"Functionally and structurally distinct NK cell receptor repertoires in the peripheral blood of two human donors","volume":"7","author":"Valiante","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90025-X","article-title":"Molecular clones of the p58 NK cell receptor reveal immunoglobulin-related molecules with diversity in both the extra- and intracellular domains","volume":"2","author":"Wagtmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(06)00263-6","article-title":"A new human gene complex encoding the killer cell inhibitory receptors and related monocyte\/macrophage receptors","volume":"7","author":"Wagtmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02804.x","article-title":"Genomic organization of a human killer cell inhibitory receptor gene","volume":"49","author":"Wilson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00222470","article-title":"A multigene family on human chromosome 12 encodes natural killer-cell lectins","volume":"37","author":"Yabe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(93)90083-5","article-title":"Recognition structures on natural killer cells","volume":"5","author":"Yokoyama","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(84)90450-2","article-title":"Serum-free medium for the generation and the propagation of functional human cytotoxic and helper T cell clones","volume":"72","author":"Yssel","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Immunol. Meth"}],"container-title":["Immunity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761300803945?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1074761300803945?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T07:44:15Z","timestamp":1761032655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1074761300803945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1074761300803945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80394-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1074-7613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1074-7613","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1997,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Human Diversity in Killer Cell Inhibitory Receptor Genes","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Immunity","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80394-5","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"converted-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1997 Cell Press. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}