{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T08:37:49Z","timestamp":1772786269980,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Breda Publishing Press","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Network Security"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Cyber attackers are always seeking to design and push malicious software programs to unsuspecting users, to intentionally steal or cause damage and exploit data on end user systems. Malware types include spyware, keyloggers, rootkits and adware. In the past, script kiddies hacked computers to show off their skills and have fun. Today, hacking computers has become a huge cybercrime industry. Even as systems have improved in terms of both hardware and software, cyber attacks continue unabated. <\/jats:p><jats:p> The privilege level at which keyloggers execute is higher than typical malware, which makes them almost impossible to detect and remove. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Dr Akashdeep Bhardwaj of the University of Petroleum &amp; Energy Studies, Dehradun, and Dr Sam Goundar of the University of South Pacific, demonstrate how a keylogger can gather keystrokes and screenshots along with online transactions without a scanner being able to detect it. They also suggest a form of virtual keyboard that could defeat this kind of malware. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/s1353-4858(20)30021-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,19]],"date-time":"2020-02-19T21:48:17Z","timestamp":1582148897000},"page":"14-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Keyloggers: silent cyber security weapons"],"prefix":"10.70985","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Akashdeep","family":"Bhardwaj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Goundar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Pacific, Suva, Fiji"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"51855","reference":[{"key":"bib1","unstructured":"I Arghire   \u2018Business users targeted by HawkEye keylogger malware\u2019; \n28 May 2019: \nSecurity Week>\nwww.securityweek.com\/business-users-targeted-hawkeye-keylogger-malware accessed January 2020"},{"key":"bib2","unstructured":"J Cook   \u2018Cathay Pacific says data of 9.4 million passengers stolen in hack\u2019; \n24 Oct 2018: \nThe Telegraph>\nwww.telegraph.co.uk\/technology\/2018\/10\/24\/cathay-pacific-says-data-94-million-passengers-stolen-hack accessed January 2020"},{"key":"bib3","unstructured":"D Mok   \u2018Personal data of 9.4 million Cathay Pacific passengers leaked\u2019; \n24 Oct 2018: \nSouth China Morning Post>\nwww.scmp.com\/news\/hong-kong\/transport\/article\/2170076\/personal-data-some-94-million-passengers-cathay-pacific-and accessed January 2020"},{"key":"bib5","volume-title":"Third IEEE International Conference on Information Technology, Information System and Electrical Engineering (ICITISEE), Yogyakarta, Indonesia","author":"Kuncoro P","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2884964","volume":"6","author":"Javaheri D","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"bib7","volume-title":"17th IEEE International Conference On Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications, and 12th IEEE International Conference on Big Data Science and Engineering (TrustCom\/BigDataSE), New York, NY, US","author":"Albabtain Y","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib8","volume-title":"8th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON), New York, NY, US","author":"Sukhram D","year":"2017"},{"key":"bib9","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communication Control and Computing Technologies (ICACCCT), Ramanathapuram, India","author":"Yewale A","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib10","volume-title":"10th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISCO), Coimbatore, India","author":"Solairaj A","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib11","volume-title":"Conference of Basic Sciences and Engineering Studies (SGCAC), Khartoum, Sudan","author":"Tasabeeh A","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib12","volume-title":"Fourth IEEE International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), Pune, India","author":"Tekawade N","year":"2018"},{"key":"bib13","volume":"64","author":"Taekwang J","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers"},{"key":"bib14","volume-title":"Eighth IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN), Vienna, Austria","author":"Wooguil P","year":"2016"},{"key":"bib15","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Issues and Challenges in Intelligent Computing Techniques (ICICT), Ghaziabad, India","author":"Tyagi G","year":"2014"},{"key":"bib16","first-page":"19","author":"Roland M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fourth International Workshop on Near Field Communication"},{"issue":"3","key":"bib17","first-page":"15","volume":"14","author":"Yunho L","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Korean Society for Internet Information"},{"key":"bib18","unstructured":"J Marpaung  \nM Sain  \nHJ Lee   \u2018Survey on malware evasion techniques: state of the art and challenges\u2019, 14th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT); \n2012:"},{"key":"bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S Kumar  \nR Sehgal  \nJ Bhatia   \u2018Hybrid honeypot framework for malware collection and analysis\u2019. 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