{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T21:36:22Z","timestamp":1772660182490,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,12,1]],"date-time":"2002-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1038700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environmental Modelling &amp; Software"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1364-8152(02)00028-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,7]],"date-time":"2002-10-07T15:24:03Z","timestamp":1034004243000},"page":"669-692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["GreenPro-I: a risk-based life cycle assessment and decision-making methodology for process plant design"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Faisal I.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rehan","family":"Sadiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tahir","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1385-8947(99)00042-X","article-title":"Life cycle assessment and its application to process selection design and optimization","volume":"73","author":"Azapagic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02979340","article-title":"Linear programming as a tool in life cycle assessment","volume":"4","author":"Azapagic","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of LCA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-6526(98)00046-8","article-title":"Allocation of environmental burdens in multiple-function systems","volume":"9","author":"Azapagic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Cleaner Production"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-1354(99)00308-7","article-title":"The application of life cycle assessment to process optimization","volume":"23","author":"Azapagic","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers and Chemical Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02979447","article-title":"Life cycle assessment as tool for improving process performance: a case study on boron products","volume":"4","author":"Azapagic","year":"1999","journal-title":"International Journal of LCA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB6","series-title":"Essays and surveys on multiple criterion decision-making","article-title":"Application of MCDM to geological exploration","author":"Bogardi","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-1354(98)00298-1","article-title":"Pollution prevention with chemical process simulators: the generalized waste (WAR) algorithm-full version","volume":"23","author":"Cabezas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers in Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-1354(97)87519-9","article-title":"Pollution prevention with chemical process simulators: the generalized waste reduction (WAR) algorithm","volume":"21","author":"Cabezas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Computers in Chemical Engineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0114(85)90050-8","article-title":"Ranking fuzzy numbers with maximizing set and minimizing set","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Fuzzy Set Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB10","series-title":"Fuzzy multiple attribute decision-making","author":"Chen","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB11","first-page":"41","article-title":"A holistic approach to environmental issues in process development and design","volume":"147","author":"Choong","year":"2000","journal-title":"IChemE Symposium Series"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690350802","article-title":"Synthesis of mass-exchange networks","volume":"35","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Institute of Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB13","series-title":"Design and Analysis of Mass-exchange Networks with Multi Component Targets","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1989"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2813","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2509(90)80175-E","article-title":"Automatic synthesis of mass-exchange networks with single component targets","volume":"45","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1002\/aic.690360810","article-title":"Simultaneous synthesis of mass-exchange and regeneration networks","volume":"36","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Institute of Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB16","first-page":"22","article-title":"Employ mass integration to achieve truly integrated process design","volume":"August","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Progress"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-1354(99)00309-9","article-title":"Interval-based targeting for pollution prevention via mass integrating","volume":"23","author":"El-Halwagi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computers and Chemical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB18","series-title":"A Technical Framework for Life Cycle Assessment","author":"Fava","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB19","first-page":"194","article-title":"The graphical mass balance in the early design of clean processes","volume":"71","author":"Flower","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transactions IChemE Part B"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.670170418","article-title":"Waste treatment and optimal degree of pollution abatement","volume":"17","author":"Hernandez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Environmental Progress"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB21","series-title":"Risk-based Verification of Green House Gas Emissions for Emission Reduction and Trading","author":"Holmstrom","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB22","series-title":"Group Decision-making under Multiple Criteria","author":"Hwang","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB23","series-title":"Multiple Attribute Decision-Making \u2014 Methods and Applications, A State of the Art Survey","author":"Hwang","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB24","series-title":"The Green Economy \u2014 Environment, Sustainable Development and Politics of the Future","author":"Jacobs","year":"1991"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB25","first-page":"303","article-title":"Selection of design\/build proposal using fuzzy-logic system","volume":"118","author":"James","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB26","first-page":"56","article-title":"Development of maximum credible accident scenarios for realistic and reliable risk assessment","volume":"97","author":"Khan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Progress"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-4230(00)00047-4","article-title":"GreenPro: a new methodology for cleaner and greener process design","volume":"14","author":"Khan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1002\/ep.670150410","article-title":"Life cycle assessment applied to process design: environmental and economic analysis and optimization of a nitric acid plant","volume":"15","author":"Kniel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Environmental Progress"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB29","unstructured":"Lee, Y. W., 1992. Risk assessment and risk management for nitrate contaminated groundwater supplies. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9372(1991)117:5(614)","article-title":"Fuzzy decision-making in dredged material management","volume":"117","author":"Lee","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s004770050054","article-title":"Analysis of reservoir water quality using fuzzy synthetic evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4128","DOI":"10.1021\/ie9601108","article-title":"A pollution reduction methodology for chemical process simulators","volume":"35","author":"Mallick","year":"1996","journal-title":"Industrial Engineering and Chemical Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mann, M.K., Spath, P.L., 1997. Life cycle assessment of a biomass gasification combined-cycle system. Report No. NREL\/TP-430-23076, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.","DOI":"10.2172\/10106791"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043158","article-title":"The Magic Number Seven, Plus or Minus Seven","volume":"63","author":"Miller","year":"1965","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murakami, S., Maeda, S., Imamura, S., 1983. Fuzzy decision analysis on the development of centralized regional energy control system. In: IFAC Symposium on Information, Knowledge Representation and Decision Analysis, Marseilles, France pp. 363\u2013368.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-6670(17)62060-3"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB36","series-title":"Techniques for Industrial Pollution Prevention \u2014 A Compendium Waste Minimisation","author":"Overcash","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB37","first-page":"140","article-title":"Pollution prevention vis process and product modifications","volume":"303","author":"Pistkopoulos","year":"1994","journal-title":"AIChE Symposium Series"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB38","unstructured":"Risk Calc., 1995. Risk Assessment with Uncertain Numbers, v. 3.0. RAMAS, Ecological and Environmental Software, Setauket, NY 11733."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB39","series-title":"Waste Minimisation through Process Design","author":"Rossiter","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB40","unstructured":"Roy, A.K., 2001. Why not coal-based fertilizer plants? EPW Commentary http:\/\/www.epw.org.in\/36-21\/commm4.htm (last verified on September 14, 2001)."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB41","series-title":"Multicriteria Decision-Making: The Analytic Hierarchy Process","author":"Saaty","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB42","unstructured":"Sadiq, R., 2001. Drilling waste discharges in the marine environment: a risk based decision methodology. Ph.D. Thesis, St. John\u2019s, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spath, P.L., Mann, M.K., 2000. Life cycle assessment of a natural gas combined-cycle power generation system. Report No. NREL\/TP-570-27715, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.","DOI":"10.2172\/776930"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spath, P.L., Mann, M.K., Kerr, D.R., 1999. Life cycle assessment of coal-fired power production. Report No. NREL\/TP-570-25119, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO.","DOI":"10.2172\/12100"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stansbury, J.S., 1991. Risk\u2013cost analysis under uncertainty for dredged material disposal. Ph.D. Thesis, Interdepartmental Area of Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-76971-9_16"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB46","unstructured":"Stansbury, J., Bogardi, Kelly W.E., 1989. Risk\u2013cost, analysis for management of dredge material. In: Risk-Based Decision-Making in Water Resources, Proceedings of the 4th Conference Sponsored by the Engineering Foundation, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB47","unstructured":"Stephanopolous, G., Linninger, A.A., Stephanopolous, E., Ali, S.A., Han, C., 1994. Generation and Assessment of Batch processes with Ecological considerations. Paper presentation at ESCAPE-5 Conference, Bled, Slovenia."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB48","series-title":"Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment: A Final Report from the SETAC North America Streamlined LCA Workgroup","author":"Todd","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB49","series-title":"Training Manual for the Environmental Evaluation of Water Resources Management and Development","author":"Torno","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-9255(99)00045-1","article-title":"Life cycle assessment as a tool in environmental impact assessment","volume":"20","author":"Tukker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB51","series-title":"Life Cycle Assessment: A Conceptual Framework, Key Issues, and Summary of Existing Methods, EPA\/530\/R-95\/011","year":"1995"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2509(94)80006-5","article-title":"Wastewater minimisation","volume":"49","author":"Wang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1108\/eb005552","article-title":"On choosing between fuzzy subsets","volume":"9","author":"Yager","year":"1980","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-1354(99)00306-3","article-title":"Designing sustainable processes with simulation: the waste reduction (WAR) algorithm","volume":"23","author":"Young","year":"1999","journal-title":"Computer and Chemical Engineering"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/S1364-8152(02)00028-2_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S0019-9958(65)90241-X","article-title":"Fuzzy sets","volume":"8","author":"Zadeh","year":"1965","journal-title":"Information and Control"}],"container-title":["Environmental Modelling &amp; Software"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815202000282?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1364815202000282?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T02:06:37Z","timestamp":1580868397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1364815202000282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1364815202000282"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1364-8152(02)00028-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8152"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8152","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}}}