{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T19:37:50Z","timestamp":1778614670730,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,1]],"date-time":"2002-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1025481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s1567-5769(02)00064-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,26]],"date-time":"2002-08-26T20:29:08Z","timestamp":1030393748000},"page":"1045-1054","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Tumor-associated macrophages: a molecular perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Sica","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Saccani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Mantovani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB1","series-title":"Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates","first-page":"637","article-title":"Macrophages as destructive cells in host defense","author":"Adams","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.146.6.1648","article-title":"Hydrogen peroxide release from mouse peritoneal macrophages","volume":"146","author":"Nathan","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7738","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.22.7738","article-title":"Mammalian nitrate biosynthesis: mouse macrophages produce nitrite and nitrate in response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide","volume":"82","author":"Stuehr","year":"1985","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB4","first-page":"579","article-title":"The pattern of monocyte recruitment in tumors is modulated by MCP-1 expression and influences the rate of tumor growth","volume":"76","author":"Zhang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.53.5.602","article-title":"Mechanisms generating functionally heterogeneous macrophages: chaos revisited","volume":"53","author":"Rutherford","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90008-U","article-title":"The origin of tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"13","author":"Mantovani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Immunol. Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB7","first-page":"5","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages in neoplastic progression: a paradigm for the in vivo function of chemokines","volume":"71","author":"Mantovani","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6828888","article-title":"Regulation of the macrophage content of neoplasms by chemoattractants","volume":"220","author":"Bottazzi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910450436","article-title":"A chemoacttractant expressed in human sarcoma cells, tumor-derived chemotactic factor (TDCF), is identical to monocyte chemoactractant protein-1\/monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCP-1\/MCAF)","volume":"45","author":"Bottazzi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.4.1280","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic cytokine gene transfer modulates macrophage infiltration, growth, and susceptibility to IL-2 therapy of a murine melanoma","volume":"148","author":"Bottazzi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB11","first-page":"909","article-title":"Chemokines","volume":"90","author":"Rollins","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chemokines"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/33340","article-title":"Chemokines and leukocyte traffic","volume":"392","author":"Baggiolini","year":"1998","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.4.1485","article-title":"Purification and characterization of a novel monocyte chemotactic and activating factor produced by a human myelomonocytic cell line","volume":"169","author":"Matsushima","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.4.1449","article-title":"Purification and aminoacid analysis of two huan glioma-derived monocyte chemoattractants","volume":"169","author":"Yoshimura","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830191228","article-title":"Identification by sequence analysis of chemotactic factors for monocytes produced by normal and transformed cells stimulated with virus, double strand RNA or cytokine","volume":"19","author":"Van Damme","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur. J. Imunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.171.6.2177","article-title":"Properties of monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF) purified from a human fibrosarcoma cell line","volume":"171","author":"Zachariae","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB17","first-page":"9","article-title":"Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in human melanoma in vivo","volume":"140","author":"Graves","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117933","article-title":"The detection and localization of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human ovarian cancer","volume":"95","author":"Negus","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.5.0874","article-title":"Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in meningioma","volume":"82","author":"Sato","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.80.6.1056","article-title":"Expression and localization of messenger RNA and protein for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in human malignant glioma","volume":"80","author":"Takeshima","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.7.2372","article-title":"Chemotactic factor and P15E-related chemotaxis inhibitor in human melanoma cell lines with different macrophage content and tumorigenicity in nude mice","volume":"138","author":"Benomar","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(91)90528-D","article-title":"Monocyte chemotactic proteins from human tumors cells","volume":"41","author":"Graves","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910490321","article-title":"Macrophage infiltration and growth of sarcoma clones expressing different amounts of monocyte chemotactic protein\/JE","volume":"49","author":"Walter","year":"1991","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6483","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.11.6483","article-title":"Low-level monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 stimulation of monocytes leads to tumor formation in nontumorigenic melanoma cells","volume":"166","author":"Nesbit","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/1043-4666(92)90064-X","article-title":"Cytokines and proteases in invasive processes: molecular similarities between inflammation and cancer","volume":"4","author":"Opdenakker","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000115)85:2%3C182::AID-IJC6%3E3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Macrophage infiltration correlates with tumor stage and angiogenesis in human malignant melanoma: possible involvement of TNF\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b1","volume":"85","author":"Torisu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB27","first-page":"3282","article-title":"Significance of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in macrophage recruitment, angiogenesis, and survival in human breast cancer","volume":"6","author":"Ueno","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20010901)92:5<1085::AID-CNCR1424>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Significant correlation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression with neovascularization and progression of breast carcinoma","volume":"92","author":"Saji","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB29","first-page":"234","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, and control of melanoma","volume":"84","author":"Weinstock","year":"2001","journal-title":"Med. Health R. I."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(98)80057-5","article-title":"Expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in human invasive ductal breast cancer","volume":"194","author":"Valkovic","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.1.59","article-title":"Structural and functional identification of two human, tumor-derived monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCP-2 and MCP-3) belonging to the chemokine family","volume":"176","author":"Van Damme","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.1.342","article-title":"Reduced tumorigenicity and augmented leukocyte infiltration after monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3) gene transfer: perivascular accumulation of dendritic cells in peritumoral tissue and neutrophil recruitment within the tumor","volume":"161","author":"Fioretti","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690164","article-title":"The chemokine RANTES is secreted by human melanoma cells and is associated with enhanced tumour formation in nude mice","volume":"79","author":"Mrowietz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB34","first-page":"4681","article-title":"Elevated expression of the CC chemokine regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in advanced breast carcinoma","volume":"59","author":"Luboshits","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB35","first-page":"1093","article-title":"The CC chemokine RANTES in breast carcinoma progression: regulation of expression and potential mechanisms of promalignant activity","volume":"62","author":"Azenshtein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB36","first-page":"285","article-title":"Correlation of tissue and plasma RANTES levels with disease course in patients with breast or cervical cancer","volume":"7","author":"Niwa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s002620050603","article-title":"Macrophage infiltration in human non-small-cell lung cancer: the role of CC chemokines","volume":"49","author":"Aremberg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19990517)81:4<650::AID-IJC23>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Detection and localization of MIP-3alpha\/LARC\/Exodus, a macrophage proinflammatory chemokine, and its CCR6 receptor in human pancreatic cancer","volume":"17","author":"Kleeff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4647","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203820","article-title":"MGSA\/GRO-mediated melanocyte transformation involves induction of Ras expression","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB40","first-page":"1939","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha as an autocrine and paracrine growth factor for ovarian cancer: monokine induction of tumor cell proliferation and tumor necrosis factor alpha expression","volume":"53","author":"Wu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB41","first-page":"1059","article-title":"Urokinase type plasminogen activator is expressed in stromal cells and its receptor in cancer cells at invasive foci in human colon adenocarcinomas","volume":"138","author":"Pyke","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI113977","article-title":"Constitutive production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by human ovarian and breast cancer cell lines","volume":"83","author":"Raakrishnan","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116236","article-title":"Evidence that granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor regulates the distribution and differentiated state of dendritic cells\/Langerhans cells in human lung and lung cancers","volume":"91","author":"Tazi","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910540521","article-title":"M-CSF gene transduction in multidrug-resistant huan cancer cells to enhance anti-P-glycoprotein antybody-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity","volume":"54","author":"Heike","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230129","article-title":"Macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer into tumor cells induces macrophage infiltration but not tumor suppression","volume":"23","author":"Dorsch","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.6.2409","article-title":"A paracrine circuit in the regulation of the proliferation of macrophages infiltrating murine sarcomas","volume":"144","author":"Bottazzi","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.6.727","article-title":"Colony-stimulating factor 1 promotes porgression of mammary tumors to malignancy","volume":"193","author":"Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3336","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V87.8.3336.bloodjournal8783336","article-title":"Migration of human monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factr (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1","volume":"15","author":"Barleon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64873-0","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor-165 overexpression stimulates angiogenesis and induces cyst formation and macrophage infiltration in human ovarian cancer xenografts","volume":"160","author":"Duyindam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.63.6.758","article-title":"Hypoxia down-regulates MCP-1 expression: implication for macrophage distribution in tumors","volume":"63","author":"Negus","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.6.2761","article-title":"Redox Regulation of Chemokine Receptor Expression","volume":"97","author":"Saccani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.2.733","article-title":"Defective expression of the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 receptor CCR2 in macrophages associated with human ovarian carcinoma","volume":"164","author":"Sica","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.5.969","article-title":"Bacterial lipopolisaccharide rapidly inhibits expression of C\u2013C chemokine receptors in human monocytes","volume":"185","author":"Sica","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0195-27","article-title":"Angiogenesis in cancer. Vascular rheumatoid and other disease","volume":"1","author":"Folkman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80108-7","article-title":"Patterns of emerging mechanisms of angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis","volume":"86","author":"Hanahan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-230X(08)60946-X","article-title":"Tumor angiogenesis","volume":"43","author":"Folkman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Adv. Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1977.89","article-title":"Effect of X-irradiation on host-cell infiltration and growth of a murine fibrosarcoma","volume":"35","author":"Evans","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(83)90181-5","article-title":"Tumor angiogenic activity (TAA) production in vitro and growth in the nude mouse by human malignant melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Stenziger","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711320302","article-title":"Mechanisms of the induction of angiogenesis by human neoplastic lymphoid tissue: studies on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chick embryo","volume":"132","author":"Mostafa","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711320303","article-title":"Mechanisms of the induction of angiogenesis by human neoplastic lymphoid tissue: studies employing bovine aortic endothelial cells in vitro","volume":"132","author":"Mostafa","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.55.3.410","article-title":"Macrophages and angiogenesis","volume":"55","author":"Sunderkotter","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711680109","article-title":"Angiogenic activity of fibrin degradation products is located in fibrin fragment","volume":"168","author":"Thompson","year":"1992","journal-title":"E. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1161\/hq0701.093685","article-title":"Role of the matrix metalloproteinase and plasminogen activator-plasmin systems in angiogenesis","volume":"21","author":"Pepper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)00139-2","article-title":"MMP-9 supplied by bone marrow-derived cells contributes to skin carcinogenesis","volume":"103","author":"Coussens","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F23","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.6.F23","article-title":"Inflammatory cells and cancer: think different!","volume":"193","author":"Coussens","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200202)32:2<404::AID-IMMU404>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Chemokine stimulation of monocyte matrix metalloproteinase-9 requires endogenous TNF-alpha","volume":"32","author":"Robinson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.7.3557","article-title":"Analysis of the gene expression profile activated by the CC chemokine CCL5\/RANTES and by LPS in human monocytes","author":"Locati","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00916100","article-title":"Interleukin-8 stimulates angiogenesis in rats","volume":"17","author":"Hu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1281554","article-title":"Interleukin-8 as a macrophage-derived mediator of angiogenesis","volume":"258","author":"Kock","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB70","first-page":"3282","article-title":"Significance of Macrophage Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Macrophage Recruitment, Angiogenesis, and survival in human Breast Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Ueno","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02981930","article-title":"The role of hemostatic system in tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis: tissue factor is a bifunctional molecule capable of inducing both fibrin deposition and angiogenesis in cancer","volume":"73","author":"Rickles","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(200003)190:4<430::AID-PATH538>3.0.CO;2-6","article-title":"Macrophage infiltration is associated with VEGC and EGFR expression in breast cancer","volume":"190","author":"Leek","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200102)31:2<480::AID-IMMU480>3.0.CO;2-L","article-title":"Inhibition of monocyte and macrophage chemotaxis by hypoxia and inflammation\u2014a potential mechanism","volume":"31","author":"Grimshaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2280","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199907)29:07<2280::AID-IMMU2280>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Hypoxia inhibits macrophage migration","volume":"29","author":"Turner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB75","first-page":"4625","article-title":"Association of macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma","volume":"56","author":"Leek","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690158","article-title":"Necrosis correlates with high vascular density and focal macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive carcinoma of the breast","volume":"79","author":"Leek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH687>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by macrophages is up-regulated in poorly vascularized areas of breast carcinomas","volume":"192","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.70.4.478","article-title":"Microenvironmental influence on macrophage regulation of angiogenesis in wounds and malignant tumors","volume":"70","author":"Crowther","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64554-3","article-title":"The expression and distribution of the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1\u03b1 and HIF-2\u03b1 in normal tissues, cancer, and tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"157","author":"Talks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.66.6.889","article-title":"Macrophage responses to hypoxia: relevance to disease mechanisms","volume":"66","author":"Lewis","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Leuk. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401959","article-title":"The regulation of Interleukin-8 by hypoxia in human macrophage. A potential role in the pathogenesis of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)","volume":"10","author":"Hirani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.105.6.2535","article-title":"Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is induced in migrating capillary endothelial cells","volume":"105","author":"Pepper","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB83","first-page":"1423","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2: prognostic relevance in 1012 patients with primary breast cancer","volume":"55","author":"Foekens","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3616","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V82.12.3616.3616","article-title":"Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulate the synthesis of plasminogen-activator inhibitor by human macrophages","volume":"82","author":"Hamilton","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3539","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.8.3539","article-title":"Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity","volume":"90","author":"Dranoff","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19991022)84:5<538::AID-IJC17>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Significance of tumour-associated macrophages, vascular endothelilal growth factor and thrombospondin-1 expression for tumour angiogenesis and prognosis in endometrial carcinomas","volume":"84","author":"Salvesen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB87","first-page":"151","article-title":"Recognition and destruction of neoplastic cells by activated macrophages: discrimination of altered self","volume":"948","author":"Fidler","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1987.tb00514.x","article-title":"The cell biology of macrophage activation","volume":"97","author":"Adams","year":"1987","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/0923-2494(93)80106-9","article-title":"Macrophages and cancer: macrophage tumoricidal mechanisms","volume":"144","author":"Klostergaard","year":"1993","journal-title":"Res. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB90","first-page":"249","article-title":"Immune rejecion of tumor cells: in vivo significance of anti-tumor in vitro reactions","volume":"22","author":"Levy","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4056","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.11.4056","article-title":"Antitumor activity of recombinant tumor necrosis factor on mouse fibrosarcoma in vivo and in vitro","volume":"140","author":"Tomazic","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"Suppl. A","key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0305-7372(90)90019-C","article-title":"Development and mechanisms of interferon resistance","volume":"17","author":"Kloke","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.64.3.275","article-title":"Tumor-induced immune dysfunction: the macrophage connection","volume":"64","author":"Eldgert","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.4.1323","article-title":"The altered tumoricidal capacity of macrophages isolated from tumor-bearing mice is related to reduced expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene","volume":"183","author":"DiNapoli","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.126.5.1863","article-title":"Activation of mouse macrophages for tumor killing.I. Quantitative analysis of mouse macrophages for tumor killing","volume":"126","author":"Pace","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-7915(91)90079-G","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide synthase in macrophage antimicrobial activity","volume":"3","author":"Nathan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.10.040192.002211","article-title":"The pathophysiology of tumor necrosis factors","volume":"10","author":"Vassalli","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910240117","article-title":"Suppression of lymphokine production by macrophages infiltrating murine virus-induced tumors","volume":"24","author":"Varesio","year":"1979","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.2.762","article-title":"Autocrine Production of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Mediates Defective IL-12 Production and NF-\u03baB Activation in Tumor-Associated Macrophages","volume":"164","author":"Sica","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.13.040195.001343","article-title":"Interleukin-12: a proinflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory functions that bridge innate resistance and antigen-specific adaptive immunity","volume":"13","author":"Trinchieri","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5258","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.10.5258","article-title":"Regulation of Interleukin-12 p40 expression through an NF-kappa B half-site","volume":"15","author":"Murphy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.001041","article-title":"Function and activation of NF-\u03baB in the immune system","volume":"12","author":"Baeuerle","year":"1994","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.R. Mosmann, Properties and functions of Interleukin-10. Adv. Immunol. 56:1.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60449-6"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.11.1549","article-title":"Tumor rejection by disturbing tumor stroma cell interaction","volume":"194","author":"Ibe","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.21.1648","article-title":"Macrophage role in the anti-prostate cancer response to one class of antiangiogenic agents","volume":"90","author":"Joseph","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5391-5_9","article-title":"Proteases and protease inhibitors in tuor progression","volume":"425","author":"De Clerck","year":"1997","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-199711030-00006","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases. Novel targets for directed cancer therapy","volume":"11","author":"Yu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Drug aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P. Mignatti, D.B. Rifkin, Plasminogen activators and angiogenesis. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 213:33\u201350.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-61107-0_3"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1159\/000468622","article-title":"Angiogenesis: a paradigm for balanced extracellular proteolysis during cell migration and morphogenesis","volume":"49","author":"Pepper","year":"1996","journal-title":"Enzyme Protein"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.21.1583","article-title":"Tumor-associated macrophages as targets for cancer therapy","volume":"90","author":"Wahl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.88.4.1474","article-title":"HIF-1: mediator of physiological and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia","volume":"88","author":"Semenza","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0597-515","article-title":"Targeting gene expression to hypoxic tumor cells","volume":"3","author":"Dachs","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3301058","article-title":"The macrophage\u2014a novel system to deliver gene therapy to pathological hypoxia","volume":"7","author":"Griffiths","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5374","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.9.5374","article-title":"Engineering of macrophages to produce IFN-\u03b3 in response to hypoxia","volume":"166","author":"Carta","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199807000-00004","article-title":"Regulation of macrophages eicosanoid generation is dependent on nuclear factor \u03baB","volume":"45","author":"Lo","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.12.4878","article-title":"Expression of c-fos proto-oncogene in tumor-associated macrophages","volume":"144","author":"Bottazzi","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/S1567-5769(02)00064-4_BIB117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","article-title":"Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?","volume":"357","author":"Balkwill","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["International Immunopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576902000644?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1567576902000644?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T21:48:21Z","timestamp":1682286501000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1567576902000644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1567576902000644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1567-5769(02)00064-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1567-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1567-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,7]]}}}