{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:14:26Z","timestamp":1773756866118,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(13)70212-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,24]],"date-time":"2014-01-24T02:30:32Z","timestamp":1390530632000},"page":"307-320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":312,"title":["The effect of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal, vascular, or cancer outcomes: a trial sequential meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Mark J","family":"Bolland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Grey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Greg D","family":"Gamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ian R","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b5664","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5664","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of vitamin D deficiency","volume":"340","author":"Pearce","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib2","first-page":"572","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation","volume":"170","author":"Grey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1102022","article-title":"Vitamin D and prevention of cancer \u2013 ready for prime time?","volume":"364","author":"Manson","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.881","article-title":"Vitamin D and prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: why the evidence falls short","volume":"305","author":"Shapses","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-12-201112200-00004","article-title":"New insights about vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: a narrative review","volume":"155","author":"McGreevy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib6","series-title":"User manual for trial sequential analysis (TSA)","author":"Thorlund","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.03.013","article-title":"Trial sequential analysis may establish when firm evidence is reached in cumulative meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Wetterslev","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitamin D and calcium: a systematic review of health outcomes","volume":"183","author":"Chung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00010","article-title":"Systematic review: Vitamin D and calcium supplementation in prevention of cardiovascular events","volume":"152","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0398","article-title":"Vitamin D and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Elamin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d2040","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d2040","article-title":"Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D and risk of cardiovascular events: reanalysis of the Women's Health Initiative limited access dataset and meta-analysis","volume":"342","author":"Bolland","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-12-201112200-00005","article-title":"Vitamin D with or without calcium supplementation for prevention of cancer and fractures: an updated meta-analysis for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"155","author":"Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.2174\/187152013804487281","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and cancer: review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"Lazzeroni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anticancer Agents Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000227.pub3","article-title":"Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures associated with involutional and post-menopausal osteoporosis","volume":"2","author":"Avenell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2008.600","article-title":"Prevention of nonvertebral fractures with oral vitamin D and dose dependency: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"169","author":"Bischoff-Ferrari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjopharm.2010.02.004","article-title":"Extraskeletal effects of vitamin D in older adults: cardiovascular disease, mortality, mood, and cognition","volume":"8","author":"Barnard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007470.pub2","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults","volume":"7","author":"Bjelakovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib18","series-title":"Vitamin D and Cancer. IARC Working Group Reports Vol 5","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib19","series-title":"Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1000","article-title":"The nonskeletal effects of vitamin D: an Endocrine Society scientific statement","volume":"33","author":"Rosen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/12.2.124","article-title":"Calcium, vitamin D and anabolic steroid in treatment of aged bones: double-blind placebo-controlled long-term clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Inkovaara","year":"1983","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/14.2.76","article-title":"Do vitamin D supplements improve the physical capabilities of elderly hospital patients?","volume":"14","author":"Corless","year":"1985","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212033272305","article-title":"Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women","volume":"327","author":"Chapuy","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6936.1081","article-title":"Effect of calcium and cholecalciferol treatment for three years on hip fractures in elderly women","volume":"308","author":"Chapuy","year":"1994","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00003","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and fracture incidence in elderly persons. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"124","author":"Lips","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709043371003","article-title":"Effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone density in men and women 65 years of age or older","volume":"337","author":"Dawson-Hughes","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980050062","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplementation increases spinal BMD in healthy, postmenopausal women","volume":"8","author":"Baeksgaard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5122(98)00085-1","article-title":"HRT and Vit D in prevention of non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women; a 5 year randomized trial","volume":"31","author":"Komulainen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib29","first-page":"546","article-title":"Prevention of femoral and lumbar bone loss with hormone replacement therapy and vitamin D3 in early postmenopausal women: a population-based 5-year randomized trial","volume":"84","author":"Komulainen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib30","first-page":"483","article-title":"Effect of supplementation with vitamin D3 and calcium on quantitative ultrasound of bone in elderly institutionalized women: a longitudinal study","volume":"9","author":"Krieg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.6.1113","article-title":"Effects of a short-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation on body sway and secondary hyperparathyroidism in elderly women","volume":"15","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980200023","article-title":"Combined calcium and vitamin D3 supplementation in elderly women: confirmation of reversal of secondary hyperparathyroidism and hip fracture risk: the Decalyos II study","volume":"13","author":"Chapuy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.4.709","article-title":"Can vitamin D supplementation reduce the risk of fracture in the elderly? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Meyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2003.18.2.343","article-title":"Effects of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Bischoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.5.1324","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation and bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women","volume":"77","author":"Cooper","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1532-5415.2003.51101.x","article-title":"A randomized, controlled trial of quadriceps resistance exercise and vitamin D in frail older people: the Frailty Interventions Trial in Elderly Subjects (FITNESS)","volume":"51","author":"Latham","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7387.469","article-title":"Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomised double blind controlled trial","volume":"326","author":"Trivedi","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1191\/1740774504cn053oa","article-title":"The effects of an open design on trial participant recruitment, compliance and retention\u2014a randomized controlled trial comparison with a blinded, placebo-controlled design","volume":"1","author":"Avenell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afh002","article-title":"A randomised, controlled comparison of different calcium and vitamin D supplementation regimens in elderly women after hip fracture: the Nottingham Neck of Femur (NONOF) Study","volume":"33","author":"Harwood","year":"2004","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040511","article-title":"Supplementation with oral vitamin D3 and calcium during winter prevents seasonal bone loss: a randomized controlled open-label prospective trial","volume":"19","author":"Meier","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.14.1618","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial of vitamin D3 supplementation in African American women","volume":"165","author":"Aloia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2005.12.010","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory safety of one year's use of a combination calcium + vitamin D tablet in ambulatory elderly women with vitamin D insufficiency: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"27","author":"Brazier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.00468.x","article-title":"Should older people in residential care receive vitamin D to prevent falls? Results of a randomized trial","volume":"53","author":"Flicker","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7498.1003","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial of calcium and supplementation with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) for prevention of fractures in primary care","volume":"330","author":"Porthouse","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)63013-9","article-title":"Oral vitamin D3 and calcium for secondary prevention of low-trauma fractures in elderly people (Randomised Evaluation of Calcium Or vitamin D, RECORD): a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"365","author":"Grant","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055218","article-title":"Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures","volume":"354","author":"Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055222","article-title":"Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of colorectal cancer","volume":"354","author":"Wactawski-Wende","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.673491","article-title":"Calcium\/vitamin D supplementation and cardiovascular events","volume":"115","author":"Hsia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070116","article-title":"Two-year randomized controlled trial of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin D3 plus calcium on the bone health of older women","volume":"22","author":"Bolton-Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01048.x","article-title":"A higher dose of vitamin D reduces the risk of falls in nursing home residents: a randomized, multiple-dose study","volume":"55","author":"Broe","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afm087","article-title":"Does vitamin D stop inpatients falling? A randomised controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Burleigh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.6.1586","article-title":"Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: results of a randomized trial","volume":"85","author":"Lappe","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0309-5","article-title":"Preventing fractures among older people living in institutional care: a pragmatic randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of vitamin D supplementation","volume":"18","author":"Lyons","year":"2007","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem240","article-title":"Effect of annual intramuscular vitamin D on fracture risk in elderly men and women--a population-based, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"46","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afm141","article-title":"Vitamin D supplementation has minor effects on parathyroid hormone and bone turnover markers in vitamin D-deficient bedridden older patients","volume":"37","author":"Bj\u00f6rkman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0465-2","article-title":"Efficacy of different doses and time intervals of oral vitamin D supplementation with or without calcium in elderly nursing home residents","volume":"19","author":"Chel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.31","article-title":"Effects of ergocalciferol added to calcium on the risk of falls in elderly high-risk women","volume":"168","author":"Prince","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1466","article-title":"Effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on hip bone mineral density and calcium-related analytes in elderly ambulatory Australian women: a five-year randomized controlled trial","volume":"93","author":"Zhu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0662-7","article-title":"Effects of a long-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls and parameters of muscle function in community-dwelling older individuals","volume":"20","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28113","article-title":"Once-weekly dose of 8400 IU vitamin D(3) compared with placebo: effects on neuromuscular function and tolerability in older adults with vitamin D insufficiency","volume":"91","author":"Lips","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.48","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D(3) and calcium on fracture risk in 65- to 71-year-old women: a population-based 3-year randomized, controlled trial\u2014the OSTPRE-FPS","volume":"25","author":"Salovaara","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.594","article-title":"Annual high-dose oral vitamin D and falls and fractures in older women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"303","author":"Sanders","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.524","article-title":"Effects of three-monthly oral 150,000 IU cholecalciferol supplementation on falls, mobility, and muscle strength in older postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Glendenning","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c3691","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c3691","article-title":"Effect of calcium supplements on risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular events: meta-analysis","volume":"341","author":"Bolland","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513001050","article-title":"Calcium supplements and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"110","author":"Bristow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.015032","article-title":"Calcium and vitamin D supplements and health outcomes: a reanalysis of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) limited-access data set","volume":"94","author":"Bolland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2011.09.009","article-title":"The Vitamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): rationale and design of a large randomized controlled trial of vitamin D and marine omega-3 fatty acid supplements for the primary prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease","volume":"33","author":"Manson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(20)30316-8","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000}}],"container-title":["The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213858713702122?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213858713702122?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T10:05:30Z","timestamp":1761991530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213858713702122"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213858713702122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(13)70212-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-8587"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-8587","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effect of vitamin D supplementation on skeletal, vascular, or cancer outcomes: a trial sequential meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70212-2","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70008-7","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}