{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T09:02:03Z","timestamp":1779958923645,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780443470981","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T12:32:03Z","timestamp":1772541123000},"page":"45-78","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unveiling tobacco markers in exhaled breath"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Marios C.","family":"Christodoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinos","family":"Stylianou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agapios","family":"Agapiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000\u20132025, 2025."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.15-3-263","article-title":"A review of the health effects of smoking shisha","volume":"15","author":"Kadhum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Med. (Lond. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-7682-7-16","article-title":"Harmful effects of shisha: literature review","volume":"7","author":"Aslam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Arch. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2020.122349","article-title":"Breath analysis of smokers, non-smokers, and e-cigarette users","volume":"1160","author":"Papaefstathiou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntz038","article-title":"Tobacco cost of illness studies: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Makate","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13894","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms131113894","article-title":"Profiling the proteome of exhaled breath condensate in healthy smokers and COPD patients by LC-MS\/MS","volume":"13","author":"Fumagalli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050298","article-title":"Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers","volume":"22","author":"Avila-Tang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tob. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2019.02.001","article-title":"Breath analysis by two-dimensional gas chromatography with dual flame ionisation and mass spectrometric detection - method optimisation and integration within a large-scale clinical study","volume":"1594","author":"Wilde","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340-006-2280-4","article-title":"Current status of clinical breath analysis","volume":"85","author":"Risby","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B Lasers Opt."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462277","article-title":"Analysis of cannabinoids in conventional and alternative biological matrices by liquid chromatography: applications and challenges","volume":"1651","author":"Nicolaou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-13-117","article-title":"Clinical use of exhaled volatile organic compounds in pulmonary diseases: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"van de Kant","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1586\/erm.10.16","article-title":"Advantages of breath testing for the early diagnosis of lung cancer","volume":"10","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2023.100623","article-title":"Breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as biomarkers for the diagnosis of pathological conditions: a review","volume":"46","author":"Moura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.04.023","article-title":"Diagnostic potential of breath analysis - focus on volatile organic compounds","volume":"347","author":"Miekisch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2022.113179","article-title":"Carcinogenic components of tobacco and tobacco smoke: a 2022 update","volume":"165","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2006.01.001","article-title":"Smoke generation inside a burning cigarette: modifying combustion to develop cigarettes that may be less hazardous to health","volume":"32","author":"Baker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog. Energy Combust. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2370(03)00090-1","article-title":"The pyrolysis of tobacco ingredients","volume":"71","author":"Baker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib19","first-page":"13","article-title":"The composition of cigarette smoke: a catalogue of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Beitrage Zur Table Int","volume":"22","author":"Rodgman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Contrib. Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib20","series-title":"National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (US) Office On Smoking and Health. Smoking Cessation: A Report of the Surgeon General","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389.2011.604253","article-title":"Environmental tobacco smoke: exposure, health effects, and analysis","volume":"43","author":"Narkowicz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0675","article-title":"Biomarkers of tobacco exposure: summary of an FDA-sponsored public workshop","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2003.12.005","article-title":"Mainstream smoke constituent yields and predicting relationships from a worldwide market sample of cigarette brands: ISO smoking conditions","volume":"39","author":"Counts","year":"2004","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.05.011","article-title":"Tear cytokine and ocular surface alterations following brief passive cigarette smoke exposure","volume":"43","author":"Rummenie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2004.12.011","article-title":"Study on tobacco components involved in the pyrolytic generation of selected smoke constituents","volume":"43","author":"Torikaiu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S1068-607X(00)00048-2","article-title":"Smoke alarm: a review of the clinical impact of smoking on women","volume":"7","author":"Nusbaum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prim. Care Update Ob. Gyns"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(03)00021-8","article-title":"IARC carcinogens reported in cigarette mainstream smoke and their calculated log P values","volume":"41","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-015-0114-1","article-title":"Third-Hand smoke: old smoke, new concerns","volume":"41","author":"Acuff","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comm. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib29","series-title":"Clearing the Smoke: Assessing the Science Base for Tobacco Harm Reduction","author":"Stratton","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib30","series-title":"Tobacco Smoke and its Constituents, International Agency for Research on Cancer","author":"Hecht","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-2184","article-title":"Beliefs about the health effects of \u201cthirdhand\u201d smoke and home smoking bans","volume":"123","author":"Winickoff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib32","article-title":"Thirdhand smoke exposes children living with smokers and nonsmokers to tobacco smoke toxicants: racial, income, and housing disparities in hand nicotine and saliva cotinine levels","volume":"16332","author":"Mahabee-Gittens","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib33","series-title":"Breath Analysis for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring","first-page":"18","author":"Aman","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2015.1055550","article-title":"GC-Based Techniques for Breath Analysis: Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects","volume":"46","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/10408340600976499","article-title":"Current Status of Methods and Techniques for Breath Analysis","volume":"37","author":"Cao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110689","article-title":"Volatile organic compounds as breath biomarkers for active and passive smoking","volume":"110","author":"Gordon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.063545","article-title":"Breath analysis: Potential for clinical diagnosis and exposure assessment","volume":"52","author":"Cao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.4103\/mgr.MEDGASRES-D-24-00101","article-title":"Non-invasive detection of early-stage lung cancer through exhaled breath volatile organic compound analysis","volume":"15","author":"Binson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med. Gas. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.4132","article-title":"Chromatographic analysis of VOC patterns in exhaled breath from smokers and nonsmokers","volume":"32","author":"Capone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2011.09.013","article-title":"A review of breath analysis for diagnosis of human health","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"TrAC. - Trends Anal. Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00029705","article-title":"Exhaled breath condensate: methodological recommendations and unresolved questions","volume":"26","author":"Horv\u00e1th","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/ad6a31","article-title":"Systematic study of polymer gas sampling bags for offline analysis of exhaled breath","volume":"18","author":"Fido","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3156616","article-title":"Evaluation of sample recovery of odorous VOCs and semi\u2010VOCs from odor bags, sampling canisters, Tenax TA sorbent tubes, and SPME","volume":"1137","author":"Koziel","year":"2009","journal-title":"AIP Conf. Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2019.116213","article-title":"Adsorption materials for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the key factors for VOCs adsorption process: a review","volume":"235","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110695","article-title":"UV-254 degradation of nicotine in natural waters and leachates produced from cigarette butts and heat-not-burn tobacco products","volume":"194","author":"Alberti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2011.2160390","article-title":"Toward handheld diagnostics of cancer biomarkers in breath: micro preconcentration of trace levels of volatiles in human breath","volume":"11","author":"Alfeeli","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1080\/10408347.2021.1889961","article-title":"Breathomics: review of sample collection and analysis, data modeling and clinical applications","volume":"52","author":"Khoubnasabjafari","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2015.07.094","article-title":"A rapid method for the chromatographic analysis of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath of tobacco cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers","volume":"1410","author":"Marco","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2024.465359","article-title":"A comprehensive non-targeted approach for the analysis of biomarkers in exhaled breath across different nicotine product categories","volume":"1736","author":"Burkhardt","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2013.07.049","article-title":"Exhaled breath condensate: determination of non-volatile compounds and their potential for clinical diagnosis and monitoring. A review","volume":"805","author":"Kub\u00e1\u0148","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26001","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/2\/2\/026001","article-title":"Volatile polar metabolites in exhaled breath condensate (EBC): collection and analysis","volume":"2","author":"Pleil","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/adbc12","article-title":"Assessing the feasibility of breath collection from conscious young children to support volatilome analysis: insights into age limitations and breath sampling requirements","volume":"19","author":"Marsh","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2466-5-10","article-title":"Influence of condensation temperature on selected exhaled breath parameters","volume":"5","author":"Goldoni","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Pulm. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7163\/aa61bf","article-title":"Drug detection in breath: non-invasive assessment of illicit or pharmaceutical drugs","volume":"11","author":"Trefz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2017.07.082","article-title":"Calibration and performance of synchronous SIM\/scan mode for simultaneous targeted and discovery (non-targeted) analysis of exhaled breath samples from firefighters","volume":"1516","author":"Geer Wallace","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. A."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10071683","article-title":"Exhaled and nasal nitric oxide measurements:\u00a0recommendations","volume":"10","author":"Kharitonov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1021\/ac041600+","article-title":"Don\u2019t waste your breath","volume":"76","author":"Mukhopadhyay","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anal. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4494","DOI":"10.1021\/ac100390t","article-title":"On the mechanism of extractive electrospray ionization","volume":"82","author":"Law","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21855","article-title":"Direct mass spectrometry analysis of exhaled human breath in real-time","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mass. Spectrom. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1575924","article-title":"Measurement of acetylene in breath by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy: potential for noninvasive cardiac output monitoring","volume":"74","author":"Baum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib61","first-page":"360","article-title":"A low-power, atmospheric pressure","volume":"73","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pulsed Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20033","article-title":"Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) for on-line trace gas analysis","volume":"24","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mass. Spectrom. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib63","first-page":"87","article-title":"Sampling techniques for the determination of the volatile fraction of honey","volume":"4","author":"Verzera","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1039\/D3EM00084B","article-title":"Diversity of organic components in airborne waste discharged from sewer pipe repairs","volume":"25","author":"Morales","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2009.2035764","article-title":"Multicomponent breath analysis with infrared absorption using room-temperature quantum cascade lasers","volume":"10","author":"Shorter","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202411495","article-title":"Next-generation chemiresistive wearable breath sensors for non-invasive healthcare monitoring: advances in composite and hybrid materials","volume":"21","author":"Verma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib67","series-title":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure","author":"Mattes","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib68","first-page":"349","article-title":"Biomarkers of environmental tobacco smoke exposure","volume":"107","author":"Benowitz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2011.08.003","article-title":"Molecular biology of lung cancer: clinical implications","volume":"32","author":"Larsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chest Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00207507","article-title":"Poulsen H.E., Cancer risk and oxidative DNA damage in man","volume":"74","author":"Loft","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2010.533287","article-title":"Urinary excretion of the acrylonitrile metabolite 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid is correlated with a variety of biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure and consumption","volume":"16","author":"Minet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01542.x","article-title":"Smoking reduction and biomarkers in two longitudinal studies","volume":"101","author":"Godtfredsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/23.6.929","article-title":"Nitric oxide mediates apoptosis induction selectively in transformed fibroblasts compared to nontransformed fibroblasts","volume":"23","author":"Heigold","year":"2002","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2013.05.070","article-title":"Inflammatory biomarkers for predicting cardiovascular disease","volume":"46","author":"Stoner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2013.01.016","article-title":"Circulating soluble RAGE as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular event risk in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"227","author":"Fujisawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2006.09.001","article-title":"Relationship between machine-derived smoke yields and biomarkers in cigarette smokers in Germany","volume":"47","author":"Scherer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.19.1435","article-title":"Tobacco smoking, harm reduction, and biomarkers","volume":"94","author":"Shields","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/29.1.5","article-title":"The DiagnosticPotentialof BreathAnalysis","volume":"29","author":"Manolis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2000.4059","article-title":"Utilization of breath analysis for exposure estimates of benzene associated with active smoking","volume":"83","author":"Jo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3524-z","article-title":"Evaluation of potential breath biomarkers for active smoking: assessment of smoking habits","volume":"396","author":"Alonso","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/nty078","article-title":"2,5-Dimethylfuran as a validated biomarker of smoking status","volume":"21","author":"Castellanos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nicotine"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etp.2008.01.014","article-title":"Tobacco smoke: unraveling a controversial subject","volume":"60","author":"Thielen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Toxicol. Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.1141","article-title":"Analysis of exhaled breath from smokers, passive smokers and non-smokers by solidphase microextraction gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry","volume":"23","author":"Buszewski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/10\/2\/026006","article-title":"A dual center study to compare breath volatile organic compounds from smokers and non-smokers with and without COPD","volume":"10","author":"Gaida","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2016.05.013","article-title":"VOC breath biomarkers in lung cancer","volume":"459","author":"Saalberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105392","article-title":"The prospective association between the use of E-cigarettes and other psychoactive substances in young people: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Lau","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2019.105487","article-title":"Comparison of particle size distributions and volatile organic compounds exhaled by e-cigarette and cigarette users","volume":"141","author":"Papaefstathiou","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Aerosol Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1211128","article-title":"21st-Century hazards of smoking and benefits of cessation in the United States","volume":"368","author":"Jha","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5951","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-018-1215-3","article-title":"Headspace analysis for screening of volatile organic compound profiles of electronic juice bulk material","volume":"410","author":"LeBouf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anal. Bioanal. Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00343.2016","article-title":"Biomarkers of exposure to new and emerging tobacco delivery products","volume":"313","author":"Schick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2019.01.030","article-title":"Main and side stream eff ects of electronic cigarettes","volume":"238","author":"Papaefstathiou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.09.005","article-title":"Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers","volume":"135","author":"Ballb\u00e8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2015.08.010","article-title":"Study of exhaled breath condensate sample preparation for metabolomics analysis by LC\u2013MS\/MS in high resolution mode","volume":"144","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Peralbo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12070520","article-title":"Short-term effect of cigarette smoke on exhaled volatile organic compounds profile analyzed by an electronic nose","volume":"12","author":"Dragonieri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2009.01.036","article-title":"LC\/MS\/MS analysis of leukotriene B4 and other eicosanoids in exhaled breath condensate for assessing lung inflammation","volume":"877","author":"Montuschi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2011.02.016","article-title":"Human exhaled breath analysis","volume":"106","author":"Popov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6748a3","article-title":"Exposure to secondhand smoke among nonsmokers-United States, 1988-2014, Morb","volume":"67","author":"Tsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib98","first-page":"53","article-title":"Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer","volume":"6","author":"Hecht","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Cancer Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib99","article-title":"Sex differences in breathing","volume":"238","author":"Gargaglioni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S72","DOI":"10.18001\/TRS.3.2(Suppl1).8","article-title":"Dual use of cigarettes, little cigars, cigarillos, and large cigars: Smoking topography and toxicant exposure","volume":"3","author":"Pickworth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Tob. Regul. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2025.104069","article-title":"Unseen threats: microplastic presence in waterpipe tobacco","volume":"38","author":"Soleimani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Environ. Technol. Innov"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-025-03147-3","article-title":"Impacts of vaping and marijuana use on airway health as determined by exhaled breath condensate (EBC)","volume":"26","author":"Rojas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2013.10.022","article-title":"Availability of tobacco products associated with use of marijuana cigars (blunts)","volume":"134","author":"Lipperman-Kreda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Drug. Alcohol. Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115412","article-title":"Determination of cannabinoids in human cerumen samples by use of UPLC-MS\/MS as a potential biomarker for drug use","volume":"231","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo4020465","article-title":"Breath analysis in disease diagnosis: methodological considerations and applications","volume":"4","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"2014","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trac.2019.03.016","article-title":"Green extraction techniques in green analytical chemistry","volume":"116","author":"Armenta","year":"2019","journal-title":"TrAC. - Trends Anal. Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27105","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/8\/2\/027105","article-title":"Current breathomics\u2014a review on data pre-processing techniques and machine learning in metabolomics breath analysis","volume":"8","author":"Smolinska","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Breath. Res."}],"container-title":["Advances in Clinical Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0065242326000181?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0065242326000181?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T08:04:59Z","timestamp":1779955499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0065242326000181"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9780443470981"],"references-count":107,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.acc.2026.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0065-2423"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0065-2423","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}