{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:19:51Z","timestamp":1792059591102,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780443344091","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T17:48:42Z","timestamp":1763660922000},"page":"423-443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pathological microtubule dynamics in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Kirti","family":"Baghel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ateendra Kumar","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satyendra","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay Kumar","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2004-6412","article-title":"Demonstration of a role for alpha-synuclein as a functional microtubule-associated protein","volume":"6","author":"Alim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Alzheimer\u2019s\u00a0Disease: JAD"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib2","article-title":"The penetration of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier: Classic case studies and clinical implications","volume":"5","author":"Banks","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell\u00a0Reports Medicine"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI168554","article-title":"Disruption of axonal transport in neurodegeneration","volume":"133","author":"Berth","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2014.05.009","article-title":"Ceftriaxone mediated rescue of nigral oxidative damage and motor deficits in MPTP model of Parkinson\u2019s disease in rats","volume":"44","author":"Bisht","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib5","first-page":"R516","article-title":"Microtubule dynamic instability","volume":"16","author":"Burbank","year":"2006","journal-title":"Current\u00a0Biology: CB"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib6","first-page":"545","article-title":"Spatial parkin translocation and degradation of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy in live cortical neurons","volume":"22","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Current\u00a0Biology: CB"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib7","first-page":"176","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein in Parkinson\u2019s disease and other synucleinopathies: from overt neurodegeneration back to early synaptic dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Calabresi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell\u00a0Death & Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S166322","article-title":"The direct and indirect effects of \u03b1-synuclein on microtubule stability in the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Carnwath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib9","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein is a novel microtubule dynamase","volume":"6","author":"Cartelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific\u00a0Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01837","article-title":"Microtubule alterations occur early in experimental parkinsonism and the microtubule stabilizer epothilone D is neuroprotective","volume":"3","author":"Cartelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2007.02.163","article-title":"Oligomeric alpha-synuclein inhibits tubulin polymerization","volume":"356","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws133","article-title":"Alterations in axonal transport motor proteins in sporadic and experimental Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"135","author":"Chu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain: A journal of neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49969-7_11","article-title":"Interaction of LRRK2 and \u03b1-Synuclein in Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"14","author":"Daher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Advances in neurobiology"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awg172","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease: Piecing together a genetic jigsaw","volume":"126","author":"Dekker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain: A journal of neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib16","first-page":"204","article-title":"Emerging therapies in Parkinson disease - repurposed drugs and new approaches","volume":"15","author":"Elkouzi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature\u00a0Reviews Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10113","article-title":"A new locus for Parkinson\u2019s disease (PARK8) maps to chromosome 12p11.2-q13.1","volume":"51","author":"Funayama","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2014.961454","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein as a biomarker for Parkinson\u2019s disease diagnosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Gao","year":"2015","journal-title":"The International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.23.1.39","article-title":"Microtubule-based transport systems in neurons: The roles of kinesins and dyneins","volume":"23","author":"Goldstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual Review of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a022608","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022608","article-title":"Microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins","volume":"10","author":"Goodson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor\u00a0Perspectives in\u00a0Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23010040","article-title":"Dopamine and levodopa prodrugs for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Haddad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2023.115475","article-title":"Small-molecule LRRK2 inhibitors for PD therapy: Current achievements and future perspectives","volume":"256","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib24","series-title":"Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders","first-page":"663","article-title":"Chapter 28 genetics of Parkinson\u2019s disease","author":"Huang","year":"2007"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35271","article-title":"Genetic and clinical study of PARK7 in Japanese Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"10","author":"Ishiguro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib26","article-title":"Cellular cartography: Towards an atlas of the neuronal microtubule cytoskeleton","volume":"11","author":"Iwanski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in cell and\u00a0Developmental\u00a0Biology"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612824666180820150150","article-title":"Emerging and alternative therapies for parkinson disease: An updated review","volume":"24","author":"Kabra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Pharmaceutical Design"},{"issue":"Pt 4","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-1809.1999.6340285.x","article-title":"Search for the PARK3 founder haplotype in a large cohort of patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease from northern Germany","volume":"63","author":"Klein","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annals of Human Genetics"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00358-1","article-title":"Pseudo-autosomal dominant inheritance of PARK2: Two families with parkin gene mutations","volume":"207","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.6.802","article-title":"Mutation analysis of the PINK1 gene in 391 patients with Parkinson disease","volume":"65","author":"Kumazawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2009.07.070","article-title":"Threonine 53 in alpha-synuclein is conserved in long-living non-primate animals","volume":"387","author":"Larsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2008.01.015","article-title":"Mutations in the GIGYF2 (TNRC15) gene at the PARK11 locus in familial Parkinson disease","volume":"82","author":"Lautier","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Human Genetics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2008.10.005","article-title":"Genetic models of Parkinson disease","volume":"1792","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.21300","article-title":"Microtubule and microtubule associated protein anomalies in psychiatric disease","volume":"73","author":"Marchisella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N. J.)"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2016.06.016","article-title":"Microtubules in health and degenerative disease of the nervous system","volume":"126","author":"Matamoros","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Research Bulletin"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib36","article-title":"Function and characteristics of PINK1 in mitochondria","volume":"2013","author":"Matsuda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oxidative\u00a0Medicine and\u00a0Cellular\u00a0Longevity"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.114251","article-title":"Cross-talk between \u03b1-synuclein and the microtubule cytoskeleton in neurodegeneration","volume":"359","author":"Mazzetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3380","article-title":"Axonal transport deficits and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"14","author":"Millecamps","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/35014058","article-title":"Structure of the gamma-tubulin ring complex: A template for microtubule nucleation","volume":"2","author":"Moritz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Cell Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib40","article-title":"\u03b1-synuclein and tau: Interactions, cross-seeding, and the redefinition of synucleinopathies as complex proteinopathies","volume":"19","author":"Padilla-God\u00ednez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in\u00a0Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pahwa, R., Lyons, K.\u00a0E., & Koller, W.C. (2003). Handbook of Parkinson\u2019s disease (3rd ed.). Dekker.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203912164"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-016-2351-6","article-title":"Back to the tubule: Microtubule dynamics in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"74","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2017.11.002","article-title":"Polarity sorting of microtubules in the Axon","volume":"41","author":"Rao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21380","article-title":"Genomic investigation of alpha-synuclein multiplication and parkinsonism","volume":"63","author":"Ross","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2076","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.13249","article-title":"Parkin structure and function","volume":"282","author":"Seirafi","year":"2015","journal-title":"The FEBS Journal"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc-2017-0016","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein aggregation modulation: An emerging approach for the treatment of Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"9","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Future Medicinal Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70090-5","article-title":"Tau pathology and neurodegeneration","volume":"12","author":"Spillantini","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib49","first-page":"a009399","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Stefanis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor\u00a0Perspectives in\u00a0Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2020.01.006","article-title":"The PINK1-Parkin axis: An overview","volume":"159","author":"Tanaka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience Research"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2023.168090","article-title":"Structural mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control mediated by PINK1 and parkin","volume":"435","author":"Trempe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4457","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1204608","article-title":"Growth-suppressive effects of BPOZ and EGR2, two genes involved in the PTEN signaling pathway","volume":"20","author":"Unoki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60273-2","article-title":"In Vitro CRISPR\/Cas9-directed gene editing to model LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson\u2019s disease in common marmosets","volume":"10","author":"Vermilyea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2007.07.010","article-title":"PINK1 mutants associated with recessive Parkinson\u2019s disease are defective in inhibiting mitochondrial release of cytochrome c","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2020.09.001","article-title":"Parkin-linked Parkinson\u2019s disease: From clinical insights to pathogenic mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches","volume":"159","author":"Wasner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01481-w","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier: Structure, regulation, and drug delivery","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal\u00a0Transduction and Targeted Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07676.x","article-title":"Hypoxia regulation of ATP13A2 (PARK9) gene transcription","volume":"122","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Neurochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019_bib58","first-page":"10","article-title":"Pharmacology of LRRK2 with type I and II kinase inhibitors revealed by cryo-EM","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell\u00a0Discovery"}],"container-title":["Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology","Cytoskeletal Proteins in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876162325001154?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876162325001154?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T20:22:19Z","timestamp":1774556539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876162325001154"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"ISBN":["9780443344091"],"references-count":55,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.apcsb.2025.10.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-1623"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-1623","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}