{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T18:04:18Z","timestamp":1744567458893},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,24]],"date-time":"2017-07-24T15:01:28Z","timestamp":1500908488000},"page":"165-202","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pinning Down the Mechanism of Transport: Probing the Structure and Function of Transporters Using Cysteine Cross-Linking and Site-Specific Labeling"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Mulligan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Mindell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5633","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1088196","article-title":"Structure and mechanism of the lactose permease of Escherichia coli","volume":"301","author":"Abramson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6977","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02314","article-title":"Secondary active transport mediated by a prokaryotic homologue of ClC Cl- channels","volume":"427","author":"Accardi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M412332200","article-title":"Promiscuity in the geometry of electrostatic interactions between the E. coli Mdr transporter MdfA and cationic substrates","volume":"280","author":"Adler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2845-3_3","article-title":"Cysteine modification: Probing channel structure, function and conformational change","author":"Akabas","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022482923122","article-title":"Probing the structural and functional domains of the CFTR chloride channel","volume":"29","author":"Akabas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes"},{"issue":"5080","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1384130","article-title":"Acetylcholine receptor channel structure probed in cysteine-substitution mutants","volume":"258","author":"Akabas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7469","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12265","article-title":"Transport dynamics in a glutamate transporter homologue","volume":"502","author":"Akyuz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7537","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14158","article-title":"Transport domain unlocking sets the uptake rate of an aspartate transporter","volume":"518","author":"Akyuz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2008.02.004","article-title":"Microscale fluorescent thermal stability assay for membrane proteins","volume":"16","author":"Alexandrov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Structure (London, England: 1993)"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8551","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms9551","article-title":"Quantifying the stabilizing effects of protein-ligand interactions in the gas phase","volume":"6","author":"Allison","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)91889-2","article-title":"Crystalline papain derivative containing in intramolecular mercury bridge","volume":"244","author":"Arnon","year":"1969","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2814","article-title":"Conformational changes required for H+\/Cl\u2212 exchange mediated by a CLC transporter","volume":"21","author":"Basilio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4325","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.11.4325","article-title":"In vivo expression of the lacY gene in two segments leads to functional lac permease","volume":"87","author":"Bibi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2004.11.002","article-title":"Transmembrane protein topology mapping by the substituted cysteine accessibility method (SCAMTM): Application to lipid-specific membrane protein topogenesis","volume":"36","author":"Bogdanov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3985","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M107735200","article-title":"Proximity of two oppositely oriented reentrant loops in the glutamate transporter GLT-1 identified by paired cysteine mutagenesis","volume":"277","author":"Brocke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4639","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00731-13","article-title":"Structure-function analysis of MurJ reveals a solvent-exposed cavity containing residues essential for peptidoglycan biogenesis in Escherichia coli","volume":"195","author":"Butler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(92)81806-4","article-title":"Structure and dynamics of Escherichia coli chemosensory receptors. Engineered sulfhydryl studies","volume":"62","author":"Careaga","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.0240003","article-title":"Protein stability induced by ligand binding correlates with changes in protein flexibility","volume":"12","author":"Celej","year":"2003","journal-title":"Protein Science: A Publication of the Protein Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2015.07.026","article-title":"Navigating membrane protein structure, dynamics, and energy landscapes using spin labeling and EPR spectroscopy","volume":"564","author":"Claxton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Methods in Enzymology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3164","article-title":"Crystal structures reveal the molecular basis of ion translocation in sodium\/proton antiporters","volume":"23","author":"Coincon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8206","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.616607","article-title":"Trends in thermostability provide information on the nature of substrate, inhibitor, and lipid interactions with mitochondrial carriers","volume":"290","author":"Crichton","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20752","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0908570106","article-title":"Inward-facing conformation of glutamate transporters as revealed by their inverted-topology structural repeats","volume":"106","author":"Crisman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4509","DOI":"10.1021\/bi100336s","article-title":"Cross-linking of trans reentrant loops in the Na+\u2212citrate transporter CitS of Klebsiella pneumoniae","volume":"49","author":"Dobrowolski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060815-014520","article-title":"Shared molecular mechanisms of membrane transporters","volume":"85","author":"Drew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual Review of Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6869","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/415287a","article-title":"X-ray structure of a ClC chloride channel at 3.0|[thinsp]||[angst]| reveals the molecular basis of anion selectivity","volume":"415","author":"Dutzler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2720","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(02)75613-0","article-title":"Comparison of helix interactions in membrane and soluble alpha-bundle proteins","volume":"82","author":"Eilers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal"},{"issue":"7469","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12538","article-title":"Unsynchronised subunit motion in single trimeric sodium-coupled aspartate transporters","volume":"502","author":"Erkens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.21016","article-title":"A general method for determining secondary active transporter substrate stoichiometry","volume":"6","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"6118","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1228465","article-title":"Structural biology. (Pseudo-)symmetrical transport","volume":"339","author":"Forrest","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biophys-051013-023008","article-title":"Structural symmetry in membrane proteins","volume":"44","author":"Forrest","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annual Review of Biophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2010.10.014","article-title":"The structural basis of secondary active transport mechanisms","volume":"1807","author":"Forrest","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2014.12.012","article-title":"Gating topology of the proton-coupled oligopeptide symporters","volume":"23","author":"Fowler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Structure (London, England: 1993)"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.13.1281","article-title":"Cys-scanning mutagenesis: A novel approach to structure function relationships in polytopic membrane proteins","volume":"12","author":"Frillingos","year":"1998","journal-title":"FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0175","first-page":"215","article-title":"Conformational ensemble of the sodium-coupled aspartate transporter","volume":"20","author":"Georgieva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17111949","article-title":"Structure-functional basis of ion transport in sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) proteins","volume":"17","author":"Giladi","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0185","first-page":"8","article-title":"[2] Thiol\/disulfide exchange equilibria and disulfide bond stability","volume":"Vol. 251","author":"Gilbert","year":"1995"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2007.06.067","article-title":"Rigidity of the subunit interfaces of the trimeric glutamate transporter GltT during translocation","volume":"372","author":"Groeneveld","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0195","first-page":"210","article-title":"Conformational heterogeneity of the aspartate transporter Glt(Ph)","volume":"20","author":"H\u00e4nelt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(96)00129-3","article-title":"On the use of thiol-modifying agents to determine channel topology","volume":"35","author":"Holmgren","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0205","first-page":"129","article-title":"Measurement of thiol-disulfide interchange reactions and thiol pKa values","volume":"Vol. 143","author":"Houk","year":"1987"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29441","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704456200","article-title":"Ibogaine, a noncompetitive inhibitor of serotonin transport, acts by stabilizing the cytoplasm-facing state of the transporter","volume":"282","author":"Jacobs","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"5052","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1038\/211969a0","article-title":"Simple allosteric model for membrane pumps","volume":"211","author":"Jardetzky","year":"1966","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0220","first-page":"1224","article-title":"Crystal structure of a substrate-free aspartate transporter","volume":"20","author":"Jensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14624","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.546770","article-title":"Multidrug transport protein NorM from Vibrio cholerae simultaneously couples to sodium- and proton-motive force","volume":"289","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"7390","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10882","article-title":"Crystal structure of a concentrative nucleoside transporter from Vibrio cholerae at 2.4\u00c5","volume":"483","author":"Johnson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2013.01.001","article-title":"The SLC1 high-affinity glutamate and neutral amino acid transporter family","volume":"34","author":"Kanai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecular Aspects of Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(98)93011-7","article-title":"Substituted-cysteine accessibility method","volume":"293","author":"Karlin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Methods in Enzymology"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14752","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1410431111","article-title":"Conformational cycle and ion-coupling mechanism of the Na+\/hydantoin transporter Mhp1","volume":"111","author":"Kazmier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.11189","article-title":"Revealing an outward-facing open conformational state in a CLC Cl(\u2212)\/H(+) exchange transporter","volume":"5","author":"Khantwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2000.4315","article-title":"Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden Markov model: Application to complete genomes","volume":"305","author":"Krogh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11605","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192439299","article-title":"Reactions of cysteines substituted in the amphipathic N-terminal tail of a bacterial potassium channel with hydrophilic and hydrophobic maleimides","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26480","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R113.467738","article-title":"The redox biochemistry of protein sulfenylation and sulfinylation","volume":"288","author":"Lo Conte","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3216","article-title":"Mechanistic diversity in ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters","volume":"23","author":"Locher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2687","article-title":"Structural insights into H+-coupled multidrug extrusion by a MATE transporter","volume":"20","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"7425","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11542","article-title":"Structure and mechanism of a bacterial sodium-dependent dicarboxylate transporter","volume":"491","author":"Mancusso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2010.09.027","article-title":"Cysteine function governs its conservation and degeneration and restricts its utilization on protein surfaces","volume":"404","author":"Marino","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0290","first-page":"744","article-title":"Lipids modulate the conformational dynamics of a secondary multidrug transporter","volume":"23","author":"Martens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18571","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.31.18571","article-title":"Enzymatic and biochemical probes of residues external to the translocation pathway of UhpT, the sugar phosphate carrier of Escherichia coli","volume":"271","author":"Matos","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6801","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.6b00795","article-title":"Characterization of the inward- and outward-facing substrate binding sites of the prokaryotic aspartate transporter, Glt Ph","volume":"55","author":"McIlwain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"6817","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/35051631","article-title":"Projection structure of a ClC-type chloride channel at 6.5\u00c5 resolution","volume":"409","author":"Mindell","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7569","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.542258","article-title":"Molecular motions involved in Na-K-Cl cotransporter-mediated ion transport and transporter activation revealed by internal cross-linking between transmembrane domains 10 and 11\/12","volume":"289","author":"Monette","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3166","article-title":"The bacterial dicarboxylate transporter VcINDY uses a two-domain elevator-type mechanism","volume":"23","author":"Mulligan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.201311141","article-title":"Functional characterization of a Na+-dependent dicarboxylate transporter from Vibrio cholerae","volume":"143","author":"Mulligan","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Journal of General Physiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809979106","article-title":"The substrate-binding protein imposes directionality on an electrochemical sodium gradient-driven TRAP transporter","volume":"106","author":"Mulligan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35266","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.508408","article-title":"Mechanism of transport modulation by an extracellular loop in an archaeal excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) homolog","volume":"288","author":"Mulligan","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"52","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20659","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0708639104","article-title":"CLC Cl \/H+ transporters constrained by covalent cross-linking","volume":"104","author":"Nguitragool","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"45","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42891","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206508200","article-title":"The transmembrane domains of the ABC multidrug transporter LmrA form a cytoplasmic exposed, aqueous chamber within the membrane","volume":"277","author":"Poelarends","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2015.25","article-title":"Understanding transport by the major facilitator superfamily (MFS): Structures pave the way","volume":"17","author":"Quistgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9818","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M116.715227","article-title":"Disulfide cross-linking of a multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporter impacts multidrug efflux","volume":"291","author":"Radchenko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2011.02.008","article-title":"The alternating-access mechanism of MFS transporters arises from inverted-topology repeats","volume":"407","author":"Radestock","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-016-9942-x","article-title":"Characterisation of the DAACS family Escherichia coli glutamate\/aspartate-proton symporter GltP using computational, chemical, biochemical and biophysical methods","volume":"250","author":"Rahman","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Membrane Biology"},{"issue":"7234","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07819","article-title":"Molecular basis of transport and regulation in the Na+\/betaine symporter BetP","volume":"458","author":"Ressl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7275","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08616","article-title":"Transport mechanism of a bacterial homologue of glutamate transporters","volume":"462","author":"Reyes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2548","article-title":"Binding thermodynamics of a glutamate transporter homolog","volume":"20","author":"Reyes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17001","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.115758","article-title":"Transmembrane segment 11 appears to line the purine permeation pathway of the plasmodium falciparum equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (PfENT1)","volume":"285","author":"Riegelhaupt","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1208","article-title":"A practical guide to single-molecule FRET","volume":"5","author":"Roy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17540","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.005926","article-title":"Functional characterization of a Na+-dependent aspartate transporter from Pyrococcus horikoshii","volume":"284","author":"Ryan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20742","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M304433200","article-title":"The chloride permeation pathway of a glutamate transporter and its proximity to the glutamate translocation pathway","volume":"279","author":"Ryan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18249","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.336446","article-title":"A model-structure of a periplasm-facing state of the NhaA antiporter suggests the molecular underpinnings of pH-induced conformational changes","volume":"287","author":"Schushan","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2000.4609","article-title":"Reaction of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) with maleimide and alpha-haloacyl groups: Anomalous elution of TCEP by gel filtration","volume":"282","author":"Shafer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.403576","article-title":"Cysteine scanning mutagenesis of transmembrane helix 3 of a brain glutamate transporter reveals two conformationally sensitive positions","volume":"288","author":"Silverstein","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3175","article-title":"Structural and mechanistic insights into prokaryotic energy-coupling factor transporters","volume":"12","author":"Slotboom","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2010.12.001","article-title":"Benchmarking membrane protein detergent stability for improving throughput of high-resolution X-ray structures","volume":"19","author":"Sonoda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Structure (London, England: 1993)"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.192392899","article-title":"Crosslinking of membrane-embedded cysteines reveals contact points in the EmrE oligomer","volume":"99","author":"Soskine","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0057731","article-title":"Alignment of helical membrane protein sequences using AlignMe","volume":"8","author":"Stamm","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6840","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00188a013","article-title":"Electrostatic potential of the acetylcholine binding sites in the nicotinic receptor probed by reactions of binding-site cysteines with charged methanethiosulfonates","volume":"33","author":"Stauffer","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11072","article-title":"Structural insight in the toppling mechanism of an energy-coupling factor transporter","volume":"7","author":"Swier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9635","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0440-09.2009","article-title":"Fluoxetine (Prozac) binding to serotonin transporter is modulated by chloride and conformational changes","volume":"29","author":"Tavoulari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.692012","article-title":"Two Na+ sites control conformational change in a neurotransmitter transporter homolog","volume":"291","author":"Tavoulari","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1021\/bi201897t","article-title":"Sided functions of an arginine\u2013agmatine antiporter oriented in liposomes","volume":"51","author":"Tsai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5898","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1301444110","article-title":"Substrate selectivity in glutamate-dependent acid resistance in enteric bacteria","volume":"110","author":"Tsai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5893","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1301442110","article-title":"Substrate selectivity in arginine-dependent acid resistance in enteric bacteria","volume":"110","author":"Tsai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"40","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9595","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00104a005","article-title":"Construction of a functional lactose permease devoid of cysteine residues","volume":"30","author":"van Iwaarden","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3620","DOI":"10.1021\/bi0357210","article-title":"Local conformational changes in the Vibrio Na+\/galactose cotransporter","volume":"43","author":"Veenstra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2233","article-title":"Crystal structure of an asymmetric trimer of a bacterial glutamate transporter homolog","volume":"19","author":"Verdon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00183","article-title":"Repeat-swap homology modeling of secondary active transporters: Updated protocol and prediction of elevator-type mechanisms","volume":"6","author":"Vergara-Jaque","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14498","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.25.14498","article-title":"A general method for determining helix packing in membrane proteins in situ: Helices I and II are close to helix VII in the lactose permease of Escherichia coli","volume":"93","author":"Wu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1332","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1220497110","article-title":"Identification of molecular hinge points mediating alternating access in the vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT2","volume":"110","author":"Yaffe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8513","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503533102","article-title":"Experimental tests of a homology model for OxlT, the oxalate transporter of Oxalobacter formigenes","volume":"102","author":"Yang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"Pt. 4","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444906005233","article-title":"Rapid and simple protein-stability screens: Application to membrane proteins","volume":"62","author":"Yeh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography"},{"issue":"7010","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03018","article-title":"Structure of a glutamate transporter homologue from Pyrococcus horikoshii","volume":"431","author":"Yernool","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"46","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14963","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00046a002","article-title":"A general method for mapping tertiary contacts between amino acid residues in membrane-embedded proteins","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"7295","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09057","article-title":"Single-molecule dynamics of gating in a neurotransmitter transporter homologue","volume":"465","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3774","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800825105","article-title":"Opening and closing of the periplasmic gate in lactose permease","volume":"105","author":"Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"}],"container-title":["Methods in Enzymology","A Structure-Function Toolbox for Membrane Transporter and Channels"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0076687917301556?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0076687917301556?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T12:01:53Z","timestamp":1659268913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0076687917301556"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":104,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.mie.2017.05.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0076-6879"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0076-6879","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}}}