{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T21:15:57Z","timestamp":1788210957734,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier","isbn-type":[{"value":"9780128208137","type":"print"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019289","name":"Far Eastern Federal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T17:13:47Z","timestamp":1603559627000},"page":"79-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Spinal cord stimulation and intrathecal baclofen therapy for patients with severe spasticity after spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Artur","family":"Biktimirov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Bryukhovetskiy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aruna","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hari Shanker","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101757","article-title":"Spasticity after spinal cord injury","volume":"43","author":"Adams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5174","article-title":"Reduced field of view diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography of the pediatric cervical and thoracic spinal cord injury","volume":"35","author":"Alizadeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000098744","article-title":"Epidural spinal cord stimulation in the management of spasms in spinal cord injury: a prospective study","volume":"64","author":"Barolat","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0025","first-page":"1","volume":"94","author":"Biktimirov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb9100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.12.019","article-title":"Occurrence of adverse events in long-term intrathecal baclofen infusion: a 1-year follow-up study of 158 adults","volume":"95","author":"Borrini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12437","article-title":"Best practices for intrathecal baclofen therapy: screening test","volume":"19","author":"Boster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12388","article-title":"Best practices for intrathecal baclofen therapy: dosing and long\u2013term management","volume":"19","author":"Boster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-1633.12308","article-title":"Blessing or burden? Long-term maintenance, complications and clinical outcome of intrathecal baclofen pumps","volume":"22","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surg. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb9105","first-page":"2868","article-title":"Chronic dorsal column stimulation in multiple sclerosis","volume":"73","author":"Cook","year":"1973","journal-title":"N. Y. State J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb9120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000368905","article-title":"Chronic spinal cord stimulation in the treatment of cerebral and spinal spasticity","volume":"93","author":"Dekopov","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stereotact. Funct. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnv025","article-title":"Complications of spinal cord stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation techniques: a review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Eldabe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0175-7","article-title":"Neuromodulation of lumbosacral spinal networks enables independent stepping after complete paraplegia","volume":"24","author":"Gill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"9781","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60547-3","article-title":"Effect of epidural stimulation of the lumbosacral spinal cord on voluntary movement, standing, and assisted stepping after motor complete paraplegia: a case study","volume":"377","author":"Harkema","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968317704904","article-title":"Characterization of volitional electromyographic signals in the lower extremity after motor complete SCI","volume":"31","author":"Heald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurorehabil. Neural Repair"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2016.09.124","article-title":"Prevalence and effect of problematic spasticity after traumatic spinal cord injury","volume":"98","author":"Holtz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-1207","article-title":"Secondary health conditions in persons with spinal cord injury: a longitudinal study from one to five years post-discharge","volume":"45","author":"Jacinthe","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Rehabil. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.3390\/s20061622","article-title":"Analysis of machine learning-based assessment for elbow spasticity using inertial sensors","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7774","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1069-08.2008","article-title":"Facilitation of stepping with epidural stimulation in spinal rats: role of sensory input","volume":"28","author":"Lavrov","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb9125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.11.PEDS13253","article-title":"Analysis of complications in 430 consecutive pediatric patients treated with intrathecal baclofen therapy: 14-year experience","volume":"13","author":"Motta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Pediatr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12591","article-title":"Spinal cord stimulation for spasticity: historical approaches, current status, and future directions","volume":"20","author":"Nagel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.03.016","article-title":"Artificial neural network learns clinical assessment of spasticity in modified Ashworth scale","volume":"100","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.17116\/neiro201780763-69","article-title":"Complications of intrathecal baclofen therapy","volume":"81","author":"Paskhin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zh. Vopr. Neirokhir. Im. N. N. Burdenko"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb9130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)91487-9","article-title":"Intrathecal baclofen alleviates spinal cord spasticity","volume":"1","author":"Penn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101040","article-title":"Epidural electrical stimulation of posterior structures of the human lumbosacral cord: 3. Control of spasticity","volume":"38","author":"Pinter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.965","article-title":"Eleven years' experience with intrathecal baclofen\u2014complications, risk factors","volume":"8","author":"Pucks-Faes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25505","article-title":"Residual descending motor pathways influence spasticity after spinal cord injury","volume":"86","author":"Sangari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12467","article-title":"Best practices for intrathecal baclofen therapy: troubleshooting","volume":"19","author":"Saulino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12447","article-title":"Best practices for intrathecal baclofen therapy: patient selection","volume":"19","author":"Saulino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-015-0103-8","article-title":"Robotic pilot study for analysing spasticity: clinical data versus healthy controls","volume":"12","author":"Seth","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4025","article-title":"Spatiotemporal neuromodulation therapies engaging muscle synergies improve motor control after spinal cord injury","volume":"22","author":"Wenger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0135","first-page":"734","article-title":"Intrathecal baclofen therapy\u2014practical approach: clinical benefits and complication management","volume":"33","author":"Winter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2017.11.009","article-title":"Diffusion tensor imaging of spinal cord parenchyma lesion in rat with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"47","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Progress in Brain Research","Neuropharmacology of Neuroprotection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0079612320301667?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0079612320301667?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:11:48Z","timestamp":1786119108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0079612320301667"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9780128208137"],"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.pbr.2020.09.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0079-6123"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0079-6123","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]}}}