{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:39:23Z","timestamp":1792622363516,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["advancesinanesthesia.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Anesthesia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T11:47:21Z","timestamp":1782733641000},"page":"17-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Operating Room Management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Wendy","family":"Memishian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell H.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roya","family":"Saffary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib1","series-title":"Empirical model-building and response surfaces","author":"Box","year":"1987"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05854.x","article-title":"Measuring the quantitative performance of surgical operating lists: theoretical modelling of \u2018productive potential\u2019 and \u2018efficiency\u2019","volume":"64","author":"Pandit","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib3","series-title":"The principles of scientific management","author":"Taylor","year":"1911"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002144","article-title":"A hospital is not just a factory, but a complex adaptive system\u2014implications for perioperative care","volume":"125","author":"Mahajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib5","article-title":"Applying performance frontiers in operating room management: a tutorial using data from an academic medical center","volume":"11","author":"Tsai","year":"2018","journal-title":"A A Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib6","series-title":"How not to invest: the ideas, numbers, and behaviors that destroy wealth\u2014and how to avoid them","author":"Ritholtz","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib7","series-title":"Thinking, fast and slow","author":"Kahneman","year":"2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-8765.2008.01006.x","article-title":"Homo heuristicus: why biased minds make better inferences","volume":"1","author":"Gigerenzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Top Cogn Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib9","series-title":"Thinking in bets: making smarter decisions when you don\u2019t have all the facts","author":"Duke","year":"2018"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2012.07160.x","article-title":"Is \u2018starting on time\u2019 useful (or useless) as a surrogate measure for \u2018surgical theatre efficiency\u2019?","volume":"67","author":"Pandit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05174.x","article-title":"The concept of surgical operating list \u201cefficiency\u201d: a formula to describe the term","volume":"62","author":"Pandit","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib12","series-title":"Analysis of the toyota production system and the genesis of six sigma programs: an imperative for understanding failures in technology management culture transformation in traditional manufacturing companies","first-page":"1","author":"Hallam","year":"2010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000244535.54710.28","article-title":"The impact of service-specific staffing, case scheduling, turnovers, and first-case starts on anesthesia group and operating room productivity: a tutorial using data from an Australian hospital","volume":"103","author":"McIntosh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200305000-00029","article-title":"Operating room utilization alone is not an accurate metric for the allocation of operating room block time to individual surgeons with low caseloads","volume":"98","author":"Dexter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200302000-00038","article-title":"How to release allocated operating room time to increase efficiency: predicting which surgical service will have the most underutilized operating room time","volume":"96","author":"Dexter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000082520.68800.79","article-title":"Use of operating room information system data to predict the impact of reducing turnover times on staffing costs","volume":"97","author":"Dexter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022824725691","article-title":"Surgical suite utilization and capacity planning: a minimal cost analysis model","volume":"21","author":"Strum","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2021.110485","article-title":"Using performance frontiers differentiates orthopaedic subspecialties","volume":"75","author":"Schottel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200608000-00004","article-title":"Are your hospital operating rooms \u201cefficient\u201d?: a scoring system with eight performance indicators","volume":"105","author":"Macario","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1353\/eca.2013.0014","article-title":"Is this time different? The slowdown in health care spending","volume":"2013","author":"Chandra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brookings Pap Econ Activ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib21","series-title":"Manual of political economy","author":"Pareto","year":"1906"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib22","article-title":"Multi-criteria optimization scheduling of surgical units: a case study at policlinico umberto I of Rome","volume":"6","author":"Croella","year":"2025","journal-title":"Oper. Res. Forum"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8678","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2024.2347563","article-title":"Optimisation approaches for organising hospital infrastructure function","volume":"62","author":"Burdett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Prod Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Block scheduling in practice: an optimal decomposition strategy for nonidentical operating rooms","volume":"2025","author":"van Ham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Decis Sci J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib25","series-title":"Thinking in systems: a primer","author":"Meadows","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib26","article-title":"Scaling performance frontiers across multiple perioperative services","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Perioper Care Oper Room Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib27","series-title":"The end of average: how we succeed in a world that values sameness","author":"Rose","year":"2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib28","first-page":"120","article-title":"The flaw of averages","volume":"80","author":"Savage","year":"2002","journal-title":"Harv Bus Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib29","series-title":"Reset: how to change what\u2019s not working","author":"Heath","year":"2025"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-021-01764-1","article-title":"The power law in operating room management","volume":"45","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Syst"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.3390\/e20090671","article-title":"Power law behaviour in complex systems","volume":"20","author":"Lopes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004826","article-title":"Rethinking operating room management: why clinical directors should embrace complexity","volume":"131","author":"Tsai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"}],"container-title":["Advances in Anesthesia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737614626000067?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0737614626000067?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:02:37Z","timestamp":1792620157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0737614626000067"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0737614626000067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0737-6146"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0737-6146","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Operating Room Management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Advances in Anesthesia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aan.2026.05.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}