{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:05:19Z","timestamp":1790251519629,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,16]],"date-time":"2011-03-16T08:16:42Z","timestamp":1300263402000},"page":"229-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Injuries among powered two-wheeler users in eight European countries: A descriptive analysis of hospital discharge data"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Jason L.","family":"Forman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Lopez-Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keshia","family":"Pollack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Heredero-Ordoyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aquilino","family":"Molinero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Mansilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Fildes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Segui-Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0005","series-title":"The Abbreviated Injury Severity Scale, AIS, 1990 update 1998","author":"AAAM","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0010","series-title":"The Abbreviated Injury Severity Scale, AIS, 2005 update 2008","author":"AAAM","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0015","series-title":"MAIDS In-depth investigations of accidents involving powered two wheelers","author":"ACEM Association des Constructeurs Europeens de Motocycles","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0020","series-title":"Proceedings of the International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Impact","article-title":"Predictors and patterns of pediatric head injury in motor vehicle crashes","author":"Arbogast","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.01.005","article-title":"Pedestrian injuries in eight European countries: an analysis of hospital discharge data","volume":"42","author":"Arregui-Dalmases","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197403000-00001","article-title":"The injury severity score: a method for describing patients with multiple injuries and evaluating emergency care","volume":"14","author":"Baker","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.8.2.91","article-title":"An introduction to the Barell body region by nature of injury diagnosis matrix","volume":"8","author":"Barell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0040","first-page":"195","article-title":"A study of impairing injuries in real world crashes using the Injury Impairment Scale (IIS) and the predicted Functional Capacity Index (pFCI-AIS)","volume":"53","author":"Barnes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Adv. Automot. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0045","series-title":"ICDMAP-90: A Program to Map ICD-9-CM Diagnoses into AIS and ISS Severity Scores","author":"Center for Injury Research and Policy of the Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health and Trianalytics, Inc.","year":"1998"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2004.08.002","article-title":"Motorcycle-related hospitalizations in the United States, 2001","volume":"27","author":"Coben","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0055","unstructured":"ECE\/ONU Regulation 22 rev. 5., 2002. Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Protective Helmets and of their Visors for Drivers and Passengers of Motorcycles and Mopeds."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0060","series-title":"Algorithm to Estimate the Type of Forces related to Brain Injury using AIS98, 1.0 Stata","author":"European Center for Injury Prevention at Universidad de Navarra","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0065","series-title":"Algorithm to Calculate the Barell Matrix with ICD-9-CM Diagnostic Codes, 1.0 Stata","author":"European Center for Injury Prevention at Universidad de Navarra","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0070","series-title":"Algorithm to Calculate the Barell Matrix with the ICD-10 diagnostic codes, 1.0 Stata","author":"European Center for Injury Prevention at Universidad de Navarra","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0075","series-title":"Algorithm to Calculate the Functional Capacity Index (version 2.0) using AIS98, 1.0 Stata","author":"European Center for Injury Prevention at Universidad de Navarra","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0080","unstructured":"European Center for Injury Prevention at Universidad de Navarra, 2007d. Algorithm to translate ICD-10 codes into AIS98 codes, 1.0 Stata. Available for download: http:\/\/www.unav.es\/ecip\/english\/products_pag6.html, December 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0085","unstructured":"EuroStat. Available: http:\/\/epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu\/portal\/page\/portal\/eurostat\/home\/. European Commission, Brussels."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0090","first-page":"5","article-title":"Mechanisms of brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Gennarelli","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Emerg. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.009076","article-title":"The ICD-10 injury mortality diagnosis matrix","volume":"12","author":"Fingerhut","year":"2006","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-11","article-title":"Crash characteristics and patterns of injury among hospitalized motorised two-wheeled vehicle in urban India","volume":"9","author":"Fitzharris","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2007.06.012","article-title":"Trauma and motorcyclists: born to be wild, bound to be injured?","volume":"38","author":"Hinds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/12.2.99","article-title":"Epidemiology of accidents among users of two-wheeled motor vehicles","volume":"12","author":"Latorre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0115","article-title":"Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0120","series-title":"30th Annual Proceedings","article-title":"An ICD-9CM to AIS conversion table; development and application","author":"MacKenzie","year":"1986"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198904000-00008","article-title":"Classifying trauma severity based on hospital discharge diagnoses. Validation of an ICD-9CM to AIS-85 conversion table","volume":"27","author":"MacKenzie","year":"1989","journal-title":"Med. Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199611000-00006","article-title":"The development of the functional capacity index","volume":"41","author":"MacKenzie","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020820017658","article-title":"Validating the functional capacity index as a measure of outcome following blunt multiple trauma","volume":"11","author":"MacKenzie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.80.12.1463","article-title":"Coding external causes of injury (E-codes) in Maryland hospital discharges 1979\u201388: a statewide study to explore the uncoded population","volume":"10","author":"Marganitt","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0145","series-title":"Proc. 31st International Workshop on Injury Biomechanics Research","article-title":"Incidence of head injuries attributable to rotation","author":"Martin","year":"2003"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0150","first-page":"235","article-title":"Motorcycle-related trauma in Alberta: a sad and expensive story","volume":"52","author":"Monk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can. J. Surg."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200212150-00019","article-title":"Spinal injury patterns resulting from car and motorcycle accidents","volume":"27","author":"Robertson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0165","unstructured":"SafetyNet, 2009. Powered Two Wheelers. Available at http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/transport\/road_safety\/ (retrieved 07\/12\/2010)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0170","series-title":"Proceedings of the 26th Stapp Car Crash Conference","article-title":"Effectiveness of protective clothing in Munich area motorcycle accidents","author":"Schuller","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0175","series-title":"Peer-reviewed Report to the European Commision DG Sanco","article-title":"Injury-related hospitalizations in Europe, 2004","author":"Segui-Gomez","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2007.017475","article-title":"Recognizing the importance of injury in other policy forms: the case of motorcycle licensing policy in Spain","volume":"6","author":"Segui-Gomez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inj. Prevent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0185","series-title":"World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention: Summary","author":"WHO (World Health Organization)","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0190","series-title":"Global Status Report on Road Safety: Time for Action","author":"WHO (World Health Organization)","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0195","series-title":"International Classification of Diseases v. 10","author":"WHO (World Health Organization)","year":"1992"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197911000-00007","article-title":"Injury patterns in motorcycle accidents","volume":"19","author":"Zettas","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Trauma"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511000418?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511000418?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T01:28:09Z","timestamp":1543886889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457511000418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S0001457511000418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}