{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T18:33:50Z","timestamp":1789842830929,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,14]],"date-time":"2011-04-14T21:32:21Z","timestamp":1302816741000},"page":"44-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Severity of motorcycle crashes in Calgary"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Shakil Mohammad","family":"Rifaat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"de Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0005","series-title":"Alberta Traffic Collision Statistics 2008","author":"Alberta Transportation","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2003.05.009","article-title":"Analysis of driver injury severity levels at multiple locations using ordered probit model","volume":"34","author":"Abdel-Aty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(00)00078-6","article-title":"Helmet laws and motorcycle rider death rates","volume":"33","author":"Branas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.01.002","article-title":"The role of motorcyclist and other driver behaviour in two types of serious accident in the UK","volume":"39","author":"Clarke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(95)00056-9","article-title":"Helmets, injuries and cultural definitions: motorcycle injury in urban Indonesia","volume":"28","author":"Conrad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3141\/1635-09","article-title":"Applying the ordered probit model to injury severity in truck-passenger car rear-end collisions","volume":"1635","author":"Duncan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0035","unstructured":"Fu, V., 1998. Estimating generalized ordered logit models. In: Stata Technical Bulletin Reprints, vol. 8, pp. 160\u2013164. Stata Press, College Station, TX. Stata Technical Bulletin 44, 27\u201330."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(94)00079-2","article-title":"Relationship of helmet use and head injuries among motorcycle crash victims in El Paso County, Colorado, 1989\u20131990","volume":"27","author":"Gabella","year":"1995","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.07.022","article-title":"Applying Bayesian hierarchical models to examine motorcycle crashes at signalized intersections","volume":"42","author":"Haque","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2004.07.006","article-title":"The role of alcohol in Thailand motorcycle crashes","volume":"37","author":"Kasantikul","year":"2005","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0055","unstructured":"Keele, L., Park, D., 2006. Difficult choices: an evaluation of heterogeneous choice models, Working paper, Department of Political Science, Ohio State University. Available from: http:\/\/www.nd.edu\/\u223crwilliam\/oglm\/ljk-021706.pdf (accessed 18.07.08.)."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00028-8","article-title":"Driver injury severity: an application of ordered probit models","volume":"34","author":"Kockelman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.09.001","article-title":"Empirical Bayesian analysis of accident severity for motorcyclists in large French urban areas","volume":"38","author":"Lapparent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.05.009","article-title":"Survival hazards of road environment factors between motor-vehicles and motorcycles","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0075","series-title":"Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables","author":"Long","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2007.03.019","article-title":"Determinants of traffic injuries in drivers and motorcyclists involved in an accident","volume":"40","author":"Majdzadeh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2008.12.007","article-title":"Motorcyclist injury severity in angle crashes at T-junctions: identifying significant factors and analysing what made motorists fail to yield to motorcycles","volume":"47","author":"Pai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.02.007","article-title":"A mixed logit analysis of motorists\u2019 right-of-way violation in motorcycle accidents at priority T-junctions","volume":"41","author":"Pai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580600991376","article-title":"Exploring motorcyclist injury severity resulting from various crash configurations at T-junctions in the UK \u2013 an application of the ordered probit models","volume":"8","author":"Pai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Traffic Injury Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4375(02)00051-8","article-title":"An analysis of motorcycle injury and vehicle damage severity using ordered probit models","volume":"33","author":"Quddus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0105","series-title":"Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting","article-title":"The impact of road traffic congestion on crash severity using ordered response models","author":"Quddus","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/atr.5670410107","article-title":"Accident severity analysis using ordered probit model","volume":"41","author":"Rifaat","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Transportation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3141\/2102-08","article-title":"Effect of street pattern on injury risks in two-vehicle crashes","volume":"2102","author":"Rifaat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1080\/19439960903328595","article-title":"Effects of neighborhood street patterns on traffic collision frequency","volume":"1","author":"Rifaat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Transportation Safety and Security"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.08.024","article-title":"Effect of street pattern on the severity of crashes involving vulnerable road users","volume":"43","author":"Rifaat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0130","first-page":"45","article-title":"Effect of street pattern on single vehicle crash severity","author":"Rifaat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Transportation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.12.016","article-title":"Probabilistic models of motorcyclists\u2019 injury severities in single and multi-vehicle crashes","volume":"39","author":"Savolainen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4375(96)00010-2","article-title":"An exploratory multinomial logit analysis of single-vehicle motorcycle accident severity","volume":"27","author":"Shankar","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0145","series-title":"Streets and the Shaping of Towns and Cities","author":"Southworth","year":"2003"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1002\/atr.5670410303","article-title":"Factors contributing to the severity of intersection crashes","volume":"41","author":"Tay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Transportation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0155","unstructured":"Williams, R., 2006a. OGLM: Stata Module to Estimate Ordinal Generalized Linear Models. Available from: http:\/\/econpapers.repec.org\/software\/bocbocode\/s453402.htm (accessed 18.07.08.)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X0600600104","article-title":"Generalized ordered logit\/partial proportional odds models for ordinal dependent variables","volume":"6","author":"Williams","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Stata Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2004.10.003","article-title":"Driver age and vehicle engine size effects on fault and severity in young motorcyclists accidents","volume":"37","author":"Yannis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2006.05.005","article-title":"Socioeconomic differences and motorcycle injuries: age at risk and injury severity among young drivers: a Swedish nationwide cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Zambon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511000467?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511000467?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T02:00:07Z","timestamp":1560132007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457511000467"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0001457511000467"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2011.02.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}