{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T10:57:57Z","timestamp":1789642677981,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,26]],"date-time":"2011-09-26T10:25:48Z","timestamp":1317032748000},"page":"517-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The relative risk of nearside accidents is high for the youngest and oldest pedestrians"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"George","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0005","series-title":"Dementia UK","author":"Albanese","year":"2007"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0010","article-title":"Meta-analysis, Simpson\u2018s paradox, and the number needed to treat","volume":"2","author":"Altman","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1037\/cp2006010","article-title":"Integrating selective attention into developmental pedestrian safety research","volume":"47","author":"Barton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Canadian Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0020","series-title":"Introduction to Meta-analysis","author":"Borenstein","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0025","series-title":"Risk and Safety on the Roads: The Older Pedestrian","author":"Carthy","year":"1995"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-2-1","article-title":"Simpson\u2018s paradox and calculation of the number needed to treat from meta-analysis","volume":"2","author":"Cates","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMC Medical Research Methodology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.7.3.234","article-title":"Investigation of bias after data linkage of hospital admissions data to police road traffic crash reports","volume":"7","author":"Cryer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Injury Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0040","series-title":"Reported Road Casualties Great Britain: 2008 Annual Report","author":"Department for Transport","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0045","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2001","author":"Department for Transport Local Government and the Regions","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0050","series-title":"Road accident data, 2002","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0055","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2003","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0060","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2004","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0065","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1990","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0070","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2005","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0075","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2006","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0080","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2007","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0085","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2008","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0090","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2009","author":"Department for Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0095","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1991","author":"Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0100","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1997","author":"Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0105","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1998","author":"Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0110","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1999","author":"Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0115","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 2000","author":"Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0120","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1993","author":"Department of Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0125","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1994","author":"Department of Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0130","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1995","author":"Department of Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0135","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1996","author":"Department of Transport Road Accident Statistics Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0140","series-title":"Road Accident Data, 1992","author":"Department of Transport Road Accidents Branch","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0145","series-title":"Traffic and Transport Psychology: Theory and Application","first-page":"19","article-title":"Using epidemiological data to address psychological questions about pedestrian behaviour","author":"Dunbar","year":"2005"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0150","first-page":"227","article-title":"Children\u2018s attentional skills and road behavior","volume":"7","author":"Dunbar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0155","series-title":"Older Pedestrians: A Review","author":"Dunbar","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0160","series-title":"Older Road User Crashes","author":"Fildes","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(96)00084-X","article-title":"Fatal pedestrian accidents in France: a typological analysis","volume":"29","author":"Fontaine","year":"1997","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0170","series-title":"Human Factors in Transport Research: Volume 2 User Factors","first-page":"405","article-title":"The elderly pedestrian","author":"Grayson","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1994.tb06998.x","article-title":"Are older pedestrians allowed enough time to cross intersections safely","volume":"42","author":"Hoxie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatric Society"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(95)00019-V","article-title":"Pedestrian exposure to risk of road accident in New Zealand","volume":"27","author":"Keall","year":"1995","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.5.4.303","article-title":"Under-representation of morbidity from paediatric bicycle accidents from official statistics \u2013 a need for data collection in the accident and emergency department","volume":"5","author":"Leonard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Injury Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0190","series-title":"Review Manager","author":"Nordic Cochrane Centre","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(97)00053-5","article-title":"Differences in traffic judgements between young and old adult pedestrians","volume":"29","author":"Oxley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0200","article-title":"Safety and the older pedestrian","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pedestrian Council of Australia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0205","series-title":"Road Accidents Great Britain 1980","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0210","series-title":"Linking accidents in national statistics to in-depth accident data. PPR513","author":"Richards","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(94)00074-V","article-title":"Child pedestrian injury taxonomy based on visibility and action","volume":"27","author":"Schofer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0220","series-title":"Pedestrian safety: The identification of percipitating factors and possible countermeasures","author":"Snyder","year":"1971"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0225","series-title":"Accidents to Elderly Pedestrians","year":"1972"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0230","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Proposals to improve the reporting of road casualties","volume":"1","year":"2011","journal-title":"Monitoring Brief"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(02)00071-4","article-title":"Aging, executive control, and attention: a review of meta-analyses","volume":"26","author":"Verhaeghen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0240","series-title":"Pedestrian activity and accident risk","author":"Ward","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1348\/000709900158290","article-title":"The contribution of visual search strategies to the development of pedestrian skills by 4\u201311 year-old children","volume":"70","author":"Whitebread","year":"2000","journal-title":"British Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0250","series-title":"Global Status Report on Road Safety: Time for Action","author":"W.H.O.","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0255","series-title":"Age-related Differences in the Road Crossing Behaviour of Adult Pedestrians","author":"Wilson","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001_bib0260","first-page":"56","article-title":"Analysis of elderly pedestrian accidents and recommended countermeasures","volume":"1405","author":"Zegeer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis &amp; Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511002387?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457511002387?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T21:21:27Z","timestamp":1543526487000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457511002387"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0001457511002387"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2011.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}}}