{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T15:37:42Z","timestamp":1791128262207,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,1]],"date-time":"2013-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356998400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,9]],"date-time":"2012-05-09T01:17:15Z","timestamp":1336526235000},"page":"223-233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Investigation of pulmonary contusion extent and its correlation to crash, occupant, and injury characteristics in motor vehicle crashes"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Ashley A.","family":"Weaver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry A.","family":"Danelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth G.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Jason","family":"Hoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel D.","family":"Stitzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007600837","article-title":"Rib fracture patterns predict thoracic chest wall and abdominal solid organ injury","volume":"76","author":"Al-Hassani","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Surgeon"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0010","first-page":"895","article-title":"Pulmonary contusion: a collective review","volume":"62","author":"Allen","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Surgeon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658010-00015","article-title":"Aging of bone tissue: mechanical properties","volume":"58","author":"Burstein","year":"1976","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0020","series-title":"Enhanced Safety of Vehicle Conference","article-title":"New tools to reduce deaths and disabilities by improving emergency care: urgency software, occult injury warnings, and air medical services database","author":"Champion","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00048-3","article-title":"Predicted effect of automatic crash notification on traffic mortality","volume":"34","author":"Clark","year":"2002","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198803000-00004","article-title":"Variables affecting outcome in blunt chest trauma: flail chest vs. pulmonary contusion","volume":"28","author":"Clark","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199705000-00033","article-title":"Pulmonary contusion: review of the clinical entity","volume":"42","author":"Cohn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0040","first-page":"235","article-title":"Rib fracture patterns and radiologic detection\u2014a restraint-based comparison","volume":"44","author":"Crandall","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annual Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2008.02.026","article-title":"Traumatic pulmonary pathology measured with computed tomography and a semiautomated analytic method","volume":"32","author":"Daly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clinical Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0050","first-page":"217","article-title":"Correlating the extent of pulmonary contusion to vehicle crash parameters in near-side impacts","volume":"55","author":"Danelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-011-0358-6","article-title":"Design, development, and analysis of a surrogate for pulmonary injury prediction","volume":"39","author":"Danelson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0060","series-title":"30th ASEE\/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference","article-title":"Development of an automated crash notification system: an undergraduate research experience","author":"Gabler","year":"2000"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-7940(92)90143-L","article-title":"Blunt chest injuries in 1696 patients","volume":"6","author":"Galan","year":"1992","journal-title":"European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.9.2103121","article-title":"What has computed tomography taught us about the acute respiratory distress syndrome?","volume":"164","author":"Gattinoni","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0075","first-page":"189","article-title":"A finite element-based injury metric for pulmonary contusion: investigation of candidate metrics through correlation with computed tomography","volume":"51","author":"Gayzik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0080","first-page":"212","article-title":"A comparative study of optimization techniques for tuning a finite element model of the lung to biomechanical data","volume":"43","author":"Gayzik","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0085","first-page":"225","article-title":"Quantitative histology of contused lung tissue with comparison to computed tomography","volume":"44","author":"Gayzik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-010-0251-5","article-title":"Finite element-based injury metrics for pulmonary contusion via concurrent model optimization","volume":"10","author":"Gayzik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318186251e","article-title":"Characterization of crash-induced thoracic loading resulting in pulmonary contusion","volume":"66","author":"Gayzik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.02.006","article-title":"Quantification of age-related shape change of the human rib cage through geometric morphometrics","volume":"41","author":"Gayzik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480907501105","article-title":"Critical evaluation of pulmonary contusion in the early post-traumatic period: risk of assisted ventilation","volume":"75","author":"Hamrick","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Surgeon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31819ea600","article-title":"Pulmonary contusion primes systemic innate immunity responses","volume":"67","author":"Hoth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000224141.69216.aa","article-title":"The pathogenesis of pulmonary contusion: an open chest model in the rat","volume":"61","author":"Hoth","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181862279","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4-dependent responses to lung injury in a murine model of pulmonary contusion","volume":"31","author":"Hoth","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0125","first-page":"284","article-title":"The biomechanical response of human bone: the influence of bone volume and mineral density","volume":"42","author":"Kemper","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0130","first-page":"379","article-title":"The influence of arm position on thoracic response in side impacts","volume":"52","author":"Kemper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0135","first-page":"199","article-title":"Material properties of human rib cortical bone from dynamic tension coupon testing","volume":"49","author":"Kemper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0140","first-page":"81","article-title":"Investigating the effects of side airbag deployment in real-world crashes using crash comparison techniques","volume":"55","author":"Loftis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200108000-00003","article-title":"Ards after pulmonary contusion: accurate measurement of contusion volume identifies high-risk patients","volume":"51","author":"Miller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1990","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.1990","article-title":"The effect of organized systems of trauma care on motor vehicle crash mortality","volume":"283","author":"Nathens","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0155","series-title":"Crash Injury Research Engineering Network Coding Manual, Version 1. 6","author":"NHTSA","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0160","unstructured":"NHTSA, 2008. Traffic safety facts: a compilation of motor vehicle crash data from the fatality analysis reporting system and the general estimates system. U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0165","series-title":"Crash Injury Research Engineering Network Coding Manual, Version 2. 0","author":"NHTSA","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318164d097","article-title":"Crash and occupant predictors of pulmonary contusion","volume":"66","author":"O\u2019connor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0175","first-page":"419","article-title":"Injury patterns in side pole crashes","volume":"51","author":"Pintar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annual Proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000180201.25746.1F","article-title":"A rat model for isolated bilateral lung contusion from blunt chest trauma","volume":"101","author":"Raghavendran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesthesia and Analgesia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0185","series-title":"SAE J224: Collision Deformation Classification","author":"SAE","year":"1980"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0190","first-page":"1","article-title":"Guidelines for field triage of injured patients recommendations of the national expert panel on field triage","volume":"58","author":"Sasser","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR Recommendations and Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2011.560500","article-title":"Biotab\u2014a new method for analyzing and documenting injury causation in motor-vehicle crashes","volume":"12","author":"Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"Traffic Injury Prevention"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0200","first-page":"780","article-title":"Survival in trauma victims with pulmonary contusion","volume":"57","author":"Stellin","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Surgeon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0205","first-page":"271","article-title":"Development of a finite element-based injury metric for pulmonary contusion Part I: Model development and validation","volume":"49","author":"Stitzel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0210","first-page":"41","article-title":"Age thresholds for increased mortality of predominant crash induced thoracic injuries","volume":"54","author":"Stitzel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Advances in Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2004.09.005","article-title":"Factors affecting pelvic and thoracic forces in near-side impact crashes: a study of US-NCAP, NASS, and CIREN data","volume":"37","author":"Tencer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Accident Analysis and Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0220","first-page":"205","article-title":"Rib cage strain pattern as a function of chest loading configuration","volume":"52","author":"Trosseille","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stapp Car Crash Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.167.1.3347751","article-title":"Classification of parenchymal injuries of the lung","volume":"167","author":"Wagner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0230","first-page":"364","article-title":"Biomechanical analysis of pulmonary contusion in motor vehicle crash victims: a crash injury research and engineering network (CIREN) study","volume":"45","author":"Weaver","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-199308000-00010","article-title":"Acute lung injury: what have we learned from animal models?","volume":"306","author":"Windsor","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of the Medical Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(97)00228-7","article-title":"Changes in the stiffness, strength, and toughness of human cortical bone with age","volume":"22","author":"Zioupos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Accident Analysis & Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457512001467?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0001457512001467?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,15]],"date-time":"2022-01-15T05:55:22Z","timestamp":1642226122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0001457512001467"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S0001457512001467"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aap.2012.04.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-4575"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-4575","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}}}